During the construction process and long before the foundation is laid, many questions arise related to heating. Each owner wants to achieve positive results, following the path of less resistance.
Natural Circulation Scheme
Considering the heating schemes of a private 2-storey building, you can pay attention to the system, which involves the natural circulation of water. The choice of drawing will depend on the layout and area of construction. But just such a scheme is most widespread and familiar for country houses and country houses. It is not much different from that used in the arrangement of heating systems for one-story buildings.
Choosing similar heating schemes for a private 2-storey building, you should remember about the wiring features, which include the need to choose a place for the installation of an expansion tank. There is no need to place it in the attic, you can restrict yourself to the second floor. There the tank can be anywhere. Of course, this should be the highest point in the room. The master must ensure the possibility of water discharge. If you apply a similar method of connecting heating appliances, then the liquid will flow from above. Thanks to this, the heating of the radiators will be uniform, as for heated rooms.
In order to direct the movement of water, the pipes are located at a slight angle of 3-5 degrees. The diameter of the return pipe should increase as you approach the boiler equipment. If such heating schemes of a private 2-storey house will be used, then the supply pipeline can be located under ordinary window sills or the ceiling.
Advantages of a natural circulation heating circuit
It is important to consider the merits of the above scheme before starting installation work. There are a lot of them. First of all, I want to note the reliability of the design. In addition, among the positive aspects, ease of operation, quiet operation, and independence from the supply of electricity should be highlighted.
Circuit disadvantages
If you decide to use the above-described heating project for a 2-storey private house, you should also remember the disadvantages, which in this case are much more than pluses. First of all, it is worth highlighting the complexity of installation work and the need for laying pipes with a slope. Among other things, the heated area will be small. The system will not have enough pressure to heat the house if its area is more than 130 square meters.
You should also be aware of the low efficiency and significant temperature difference between the return and feed. The latter circumstance negatively affects the operation of boiler equipment. The internal surfaces of the system will corrode, as oxygen will be present in the coolant. Owners of the house need to constantly monitor the state of evaporating water, which suggests the need to add it. As a result, scale may form on the pipes. Use antifreeze is unacceptable for the same reason. As another drawback, it is worth highlighting the significant material consumption of the system.
Varieties of circuits with forced circulation
Do-it- yourself heating of a private 2- storey house can also be arranged according to the principle of a system that works by forced water circulation. According to professionals, the following schemes will be most simple to install: single-pipe, two-pipe and collector. First, let's analyze the first variety.
Do-it-yourself single-pipe heating system
When using this scheme, the movement of the coolant will be divided into two branches heating devices. One of them goes to the first floor, while the other - to the second. On each floor, shutoff valves are installed at the pipe inlet. It will only heat half of the rooms. After the pipes with coolant pass through the heating devices, they will be combined into one system, which will be suitable for boiler equipment. Connect the batteries on each floor to be the same methodology that is used in single-story buildings.
System recommendations
If you have chosen the above-described heating scheme for a 2-story private house, shutoff valves must be installed at the entrance of each heater. This is necessary to adjust the radiator heating level and balance the system. At the outlet of the batteries, shutoff valves are installed, which is used to turn off the radiator during repair and replacement. If you use such a connection scheme, then you can change the heating devices without stopping the system and without draining the water. A valve is installed on the top of each battery to vent air.
Such a heating scheme for a 2-story private house involves the installation of batteries with a bypass line. This increases the uniformity of heating the building. You can install heaters without a bypass. In this case, radiators of different thermal capacities should be installed in the house, taking into account the loss of cooling water. This indicates that the further the battery is from the boiler, the more sections it should have. If you neglect this rule, it will be hot in some rooms, and cold in others.
Heating scheme without shutoff valves
When the heating system of a private 2-storey house is mounted with your own hands, shut-off valves can not be used. Rather, it can be used in smaller quantities. However, under such conditions, maneuverability will be reduced. In this case, we will not have to talk about separate heating of the second and first floors.
The main advantages and disadvantages of a single pipe heating system
Using such heating schemes of a private 2-storey building, you provide ease of installation. At the same time, homeowners receive effective heat transfer, as well as savings on materials. Among the minuses of the heating circuit, it is possible to highlight the uneven distribution of heat among the radiators and the need for balancing the system. However, all these drawbacks are completely devoid of the two-pipe system, which works due to the forced circulation of water.
Forced Circuit
Forced circulation double pipe system ensures even heat distribution. It is effective and is sometimes compared with the human circulatory system. In it, the coolant is supplied to each radiator through a branch coming from a common supply pipe. A tap is also provided in the return pipe of each radiator.
The batteries are installed with an air vent and shut-off valves on the feed. This allows you to change the heating level of the heater. In order to increase safety and eliminate excess pressure in the radiator, shutoff valves are not installed at the outlet from the battery of the return pipe. Under the windowsill or ceiling, you can lay the feed pipe. It is quite acceptable to equip such heating of a private 2-storey house with your own hands. The schemes presented in the article will allow you to carry out these works without the help of specialists.
The main disadvantage of the two-pipe system is the high material consumption. For return and supply pipes will be needed in a double copy. Among other things, they are difficult to decorate, and it is not always possible to hide them, which spoils the interior of the premises. All of the above disadvantages are completely devoid of the collector circuit.
Description of the collector circuit
Such a system can be successfully used for a one-story or two-story house. It operates due to the forced movement of water, which is previously supplied to the collector. In this case, each heater must be connected through a shut-off valve to the manifold. Among the advantages it is worth highlighting the possibility of dismantling and installing radiators on a working system, with which it is not necessary to drain the coolant and stop it.
The system is simply manageable. Each circuit is independent and is connected to a separate automatic control system with its own circulation pump. In tandem with this heating system, you can use a warm floor. Pipes are laid in a raised floor, and are also located in a separate cabinet. Such heating of a private 2-storey house can be easily mounted with your own hands. Schemes, photos of such drawings you can find in the article.
Recommendations for installing heating appliances in a two-story house
If you want to ensure an even distribution of heat throughout the house, it is important to correctly calculate the length of the highway, take into account the level of insulation of the house, as well as the presence of balcony blocks, window and doorways. The effectiveness of heating will depend on the proper placement of heating equipment, this primarily applies to radiators. The battery should be located under the window, and the warm air rising above it will block the cold mass from the window. This way you can eliminate cold air zones. When the heating system of a private 2-storey house is being built with your own hands, it is important to think about such premises as a boiler room, an entrance hall and a corridor. For them, one kilowatt of thermal power per 10 square meters will be enough.
For the bathroom, kitchen and lounge, 1.2 kilowatts per 10 square meters will be needed. For children and bedrooms, the level of thermal power should be increased to 1.5 kilowatts in the same area. Thermal efficiency will depend on the floor, floor and wall material. In order to reduce costs, as well as ensure the optimal heating mode in each room, you should use thermal regulators. Battery material will affect system performance. Today, aluminum batteries are the best option. Bimetallic radiators are distinguished by high parameters, however, they will have to pay more.
If you know that the heating system has a rather low quality of water, then you should not use aluminum radiators, which are most sensitive to aggressive conditions. Hard or contaminated water will also affect the durability of the equipment and the performance of the system. But steel and cast-iron batteries will last much longer. The listed factors do not have a negative impact on them.
Piping material
The heating system of a 2-storey private house should be equipped using a high-quality pipeline. Modern technologies almost do not use metal pipes, since corrosion processes are the reasons for the failure of such products. Considering that autonomous systems use less pressure of the working fluid, it is better to use a plastic pipe.