For industrial and artistic painting of walls, ceilings, floor premises, furniture in it, as well as window and door structures, water-based emulsion paint is most often used. Aqueous emulsion ink, the technical characteristics of which provide a stable and high-quality color to the coating, is highly ecological and does not have a toxic effect on living organisms.
The principles of the formation of the protective composition of water-based paints
The name water-based emulsion (water-dispersed) paint is due to the presence in its aqueous base of a suspension of pigments, together forming an emulsion. Dispersed elements are not mixed with the aquatic environment, but created and exist in parallel with it.
Thus, water-based paint consists of filler, thickener, latex and antiseptic.
The polymer particles after drying of the water on the surface form an even tinted layer. Dry paint is easily removed by hand, and its layer has no unpleasant odor. The paint is resistant to mechanical stress, however, it is not applied to metal surfaces in order to avoid corrosion from the presence of constant humidity.
The main technical characteristics of water-based paint
Aqueous emulsion ink, the technical characteristics of which are viscosity, flow rate, specific gravity and drying time, has stable production indicators, and is optimally suited for the treatment of internal surfaces of residential premises.
The degree of dilution of the coloring mass with water is indicated by the viscosity index, measured with a viscometer.
The consumption of emulsion paint directly depends on the absorbency of the receiving surface and ranges from 100 to 200 milliliters per square meter of surface, stained with a layer of paint with a thickness of one millimeter.
The specific gravity of water-based paint is about 1.3 kilograms per liter.
The drying time of water-based paint depends on humidity and air temperature and ranges from two hours to a day. The optimal drying conditions are considered to be +20 degrees Celsius and 65% humidity.
The shelf life of emulsion paint largely depends on the conditions of its storage (ideally, a cool dark place) and averages 24 months.
The characteristics of water-dispersion paint are fully reflected in the data of GOST 28196-89.
Specifications according to GOST
A water-based emulsion paint, technical specifications (GOST) of which are registered under number 28196-89, is called water-dispersion paint in it, represented by suspensions of pigments and fillers, enclosed in an aqueous dispersion of synthetic polymers, in which various auxiliary substances, such as an emulsifier, stabilizer and others.
GOST 28196-89 replaced the obsolete GOST 19214-80, GOST 20833-75, TU 6-10-1260-87, TU 6-10-2031-85, TU 6-10-2054-86, TU 6-10-2081 -86 concerning paints and varnishes. All water-dispersion paints are fireproof, and their production and operation are possible only in the supply and ventilation rooms.
According to GOST, their transportation and storage should be carried out in sealed containers at temperatures above 0 degrees, but a short-term temperature drop to -40 degrees is allowed within one month.
Aqueous emulsion ink, the technical characteristics of which provide its reflective properties, is tested for lightfastness in production - the experimental section is placed under a special lamp for 24 hours, then for 2 hours in total darkness, and then compared with expert samples.
Features of the use of water-dispersion paint VEAK
VEAK aqueous emulsion ink, the technical characteristics of which are one of the most necessary for safe and quick work in the space of residential premises, is optimally suited for home repairs.
It has a white color and a set of additional pigments, with which you can get any color you need.
In each case, the painted surfaces should be perfectly smooth and dry - under such conditions, the VAEC consumption will be less than 150 grams per square meter. It adheres perfectly to old and already painted surfaces, because it has a latex base and dries up within 4 hours.
Since VEAK is a water-based acrylic paint, the technical characteristics allow its dilution with water, but not more than 10 percent of the main volume. Do not use chemical diluents. The properties of the paint make it possible to wash painted surfaces with warm water, but tools should be cleaned immediately after completion of work.
Under optimal conditions, the painted surface does not lose color and strength for 7 years.
Features of the use of polyvinyl acetate paint
Polyvinyl acetate water-based paint is similar in quality and lifetime, as well as the application mechanism, the technical characteristics of which allow its use in painting not only the internal surfaces of the building, but also cardboard, plywood, drywall and wood.
Polyvinyl acetate paint is fireproof, but extremely afraid of temperature differences and high humidity. This water-based paint, the technical characteristics of which allow it to be used for finishing the surface, and thanks to which it completely dries in two hours.
The consumption of polyvinyl acetate emulsion paint is about 200 milliliters per square meter, for painting stains you have to impose it in several layers. The higher consumption and specificity of the composition compared to other types of paints make it more expensive in cost.
Specific Features of Tex Water-based Paint
When choosing the type and company of the paint product, you should also pay attention to the Tex-based water-based paint. It is a silicone-modified viscous liquid acrylate base, is characterized by a snow-white gloss, moderate flow rate and ease of application. For her, a full gamut of tinting is made.
The Tex water-based paint, the technical characteristics of which allow it to be applied on brick, concrete, and wooden surfaces, is used to process walls and ceilings; it forms on the plane a practical matte film that allows air to circulate freely between the thickness of the paint and the surface material. However, the main and obvious disadvantage of Tex paint is its heat sensitivity - the air in the room should be warmer than +5 degrees Celsius when used.
General principles for the care and cleaning of surfaces coated with waterborne paint
Any water-based paint is washable; the technical characteristics of this paint allow not only easy and quick application of the material on a vertical or horizontal surface with a roller and brush, but also then for a long time to wipe this surface with a damp cloth.
Soap foam is also used to clean construction tools and clothing from such paint (for polyvinyl acetate suspensions); acrylic emulsion paint must first be damaged with a spatula - for faster removal, the desired area of the painted surface is first glued with paper or newspapers, planting them on jelly-like starch or ordinary wallpaper glue.
It is possible to clean surface areas from acrylic paint using a building hair dryer and a spatula - by burning pieces of the surface and removing them with a blade.
Chemical solvents are also suitable for removing water-based paint, having a gradual destructive effect, but they emit an unpleasant odor and are toxic to the body.
A few recommendations for using waterborne paints
Before working with water-based paint, it is necessary to level, plaster and, if necessary, putty all surfaces. Despite the environmental friendliness of the paint, you still need to prepare safety glasses, a respirator and gloves for work.
The can of paint is shaken, its contents are mixed and diluted with water according to the instructions. On the putty walls, the paint is applied in three layers, on the wallpaper - in one. The paint is applied in parallel stripes from window to wall. Brushes, rollers, spatulas and spray guns are used as application tools.