The most common today in most countries, including Russia, are heating systems filled with liquid coolant. This is a complex of equipment - complex or simple. In the latter case, we are talking about an open circuit. As part of such systems:
- boiler rooms;
- heat exchangers;
- pumping equipment stations.
All nodes are interconnected by a pipeline. The quality and characteristics of the circulating fluid will affect the operation of the equipment, so it is so important to choose the right coolant, which will be discussed in the article.
What should be the coolant
If you are faced with the question of how to fill the heating system in a private house, then you need to figure out what the coolant should be. The ideal fluid for this role has not yet been invented. This indicates that each of the known materials is operated under certain conditions.
An important factor is the temperature of the coolant, in violation of which the substance can change its properties, which leads to a shutdown of the system. The correct heat carrier must transfer more heat in a short time, it should be characterized by a low viscosity, it should not cause corrosion and should not be a danger to residents of the house. Among other things, during heat transfer, heat loss should be minimal, and low viscosity will be an indicator of pumping speed and increase in efficiency.
If you are thinking about how to fill the heating system in a private house, you should know that this or that coolant can cause corrosion, as a result of which you will encounter restrictions when choosing the mechanisms and parts of the system.
Safety of use
If it is a matter of safety, the coolant must not exceed the standards for toxicity, ignition temperature, the same requirements are also applied to liquid vapors. An important factor when choosing is the cost. The price should be relatively low, otherwise the consumer should be able to use the coolant for a long time without replacing it.
Water use
Before deciding how to fill the heating system in a private house, you should consider the most common options for solving this issue. One of them is water, the advantages of which are expressed in the highest heat capacity among all liquids, as well as less high density. Thus, a kilogram of water, whose temperature is 90 ° C, will cool to 70 ° C, while generating heat in a volume of 20 kcal.
Solving the question of what to fill in the heating system of a private house with an electric boiler, you can consider as an option water, which differs in environmental and toxicological properties from synthetic substances. It is safe for humans, and if a leak occurs, it will not cause additional trouble. Such a coolant can be easily obtained, with a lack of volume, fill the required amount into the system. This coolant has no competitors in price, cheaper liquid simply can not be found.
For reference
If you are faced with the task of how to fill the heating system in a private house, you must consider that water in its normal form should not be used, because it is rich in salts and oxygen. Over time, scale will deposit from such additives on the internal surfaces of the heating system and corrosion will appear. And in order for the system to work without interruptions, the liquid must be softened before use.
To do this, you can use one of the existing methods. It can be thermal or chemical technology. In the first case, the technique is based on boiling. Water should be placed in a metal tank in which it must be heated. When boiling, carbon dioxide will be removed, and salts will be deposited at the bottom of the vessel. Persistent compounds of magnesium and calcium will still remain in the water. The chemical method works through reagents. With the help of soda ash, sodium orthophosphate and slaked lime, the salts become insoluble and precipitate, becoming a precipitate. Subsequent filtration will eliminate residual harmful substances.
Why do many refuse water
If you are faced with the question of what to fill in the heating system of a private house for the winter, then most likely you will have to give up water. In this case, such a coolant parameter as the temperature regime plays an important role. If the temperature in the building drops below 0 ° C, the liquid will freeze, and this will cause a breakdown in the heating system.
The use of antifreeze
When colds come, the so-called non-freezing, which is a special liquid for heating systems , becomes relevant . If the pipes are filled with such a coolant, then even when the temperature drops to critical, they will not burst, which is very important for housing that is used irregularly. In this case, an antifreeze is used as an energy carrier, which is designed to operate at a wide temperature range, ranging from -30 to -65 ° C.
When the question arises of what to pour into the heating system of a private house in winter, then it is worth paying attention to this particular option, which does not harden, but acquires an altered state of the gel type when the temperature drops below 0 ° C.
Returning to its original state, antifreeze will not lose its original properties and will not pose a threat to the heating circuit. To remove foci of corrosion or scale, manufacturers use additives in the form of special inhibitors. Due to this, the period of operation of the heating system can be extended by several years.
What to consider before choosing an antifreeze
If you still cannot decide what to pour into the heating system of a private house - water or antifreeze - then you should take into account the moment that the last of the listed options is designed only for several seasons of operation. It can be 5 years, or rather, 10 seasons. After this period, the coolant volume must be replaced. Manufacturers even recommend using antifreeze for about 3 years.
What coolant is suitable for aluminum radiators
For a system of aluminum radiators, you can use a coolant based on ethyl alcohol, which can easily be prepared independently. In the end, it will be possible to obtain a liquid, which will be a non-freezing mixture, which includes ethyl alcohol and distilled water. This liquid will have a slightly higher viscosity compared to ordinary water. However, this indicator will be lower than that of factory antifreezes.
The fluidity of this fluid is less compared to antifreeze, which allows us to neglect the requirements for tightness of the circuit connections. Such a liquid will not be able to damage the rubber seals of the system. When consumers think about the question of what to pour into the heating system of a private house with aluminum radiators, they try to choose just such mixtures, since they have one important advantage over other options, which is expressed in the ability to use compounds for metal radiators. This is due to the fact that alcohol will prevent the development of corrosion, and this is important for those systems whose destruction can cause unpleasant consequences. In this case, it is recommended to use hard water, which together with alcohol will prevent the formation of scale on the inner surfaces of the products. The precipitate will form in solid form, and with preventive washing it can be easily eliminated.
Conclusion
Before choosing antifreeze, it is recommended to pay attention to the fact that these compounds can have different purposes. Some are for cars, others for heating systems. They differ in composition, so they can not be mixed. The feedstock may be ethylene glycol or propylene glycol. Quite often, home masters today decide the question of what to fill in the heating system of a private house. Antifreeze, also called antifreeze, can vary in viscosity, freezing temperature and price category. This should be remembered.