Recently, the relevance of insulation of the facades of apartment buildings has been increasing. This is due to higher prices for utilities and energy tariffs, which explains the need for financial savings. The problem is that most of the apartment buildings that are currently in operation were built almost 50 years ago, their thermal insulation is not as effective as the owners would like.
Solution of the problem
As statistics show, heat loss through the walls reaches 50% of the total amount of heat loss. This is very significant. This indicator depends on the features of the design of the house. So, if we are talking about panel buildings, then the heat loss is maximum, and in the case of brick houses this figure is slightly lower.
But the insulation of the facades of apartment buildings is beneficial on any side. If property owners use autonomous heating, they will be able to save about 20% of the previously spent amount on gas consumption. If the apartment is connected to central heating, then the average indoor temperature will increase by an average of 4 ° C.
Thermal insulation selection
Insulation of the facades of apartment buildings is usually carried out using one of the following materials:
- Styrofoam;
- mineral wool;
- polystyrene foam;
- foam glass.
Each type of thermal insulation has its pros and cons, which determines the relevance of using a certain material in a particular situation. If you want to save, then you should use polystyrene. It has a low price, which is why it is most common. It can be used anywhere, the effectiveness of thermal insulation will be enough. However, the pursuit of cheapness is not always justified. If the walls initially have a normal class of thermal insulation, then polystyrene insulation will achieve the desired result. When choosing this material, its density should be considered. The higher it is, the less its heat-conducting properties.
Warming of the facades of apartment buildings is often carried out with the help of expanded polystyrene. It is quite inexpensive, and its heat-insulating properties are better compared to polystyrene. Among the advantages can be identified light weight, ease of installation, hydrophobicity and long life. Expanded polystyrene is excellent for facing corner apartments. The material does not absorb much moisture.
If you plan to insulate the facades of multi-apartment buildings with polystyrene foam, then you should also take into account its shortcomings. They are expressed in low resistance to fire and the absence of soundproofing abilities. The first quality requires the installation of fire jumpers. However, expanded polystyrene is excellent for thermal insulation of walls inside and outside the house.
Is it worth using mineral wool
This material is one of the most effective, but its cost exceeds the price of analogues. For this reason, for the thermal insulation of facades, this material is rarely used. Among its advantages should be highlighted fire safety, excellent soundproofing properties and hydrophobicity.
It should be noted one drawback, which is the large weight, as a result of which its installation on the facade is carried out with a large number of fasteners (dowels are used as the latter).
Foam glass application
When thermal insulation material is selected for the insulation of the facade of an apartment building, foam glass is often considered. It is quite expensive, but if you are not limited in means, then you should give preference to it, because this insulation is characterized by excellent heat-insulating qualities, hydrophobicity and durability.
Foam glass is not a combustible material; mold and fungus, as well as other microorganisms, cannot form on its surface. If you use this thermal insulation material, you will need to purchase a large number of related products:
- construction glue;
- plaster mix;
- primer;
- mesh for reinforcement;
- front paints.
Dowels are used for fastening, you will also need liquid foam for the work . To smooth the surface, it is necessary to stock up with plaster. For additional waterproofing, a primer is applied to the walls, which improves the adhesion of the plaster to the paint. To fix the plaster layer, a mesh for reinforcement is required.
Modern methods of insulation of the facades of apartment buildings
Warming of old houses can be carried out according to one of several technologies. Quite often, polystyrene boards are used for this. At the first stage, the facade is prepared, dry mixes and the necessary materials are purchased. On the next, you can proceed to gluing thermal insulation sheets to the walls.
Additionally, you can fasten the canvas with plastic dowels. The surface of the polystyrene foam is reinforced with a polymer mesh, after which you can begin to apply one or two layers of plaster. Expanded polystyrene boards, the price of which is quite reasonable, can achieve good results. Such gluing of facades is carried out at the stage of construction of buildings.
Rockwool Technology
The above technology requires the need for wet work. An alternative solution is another method, which consists in installing siding with thermal insulation. First, the frame is constructed using a steel profile. For this, dowel nails, screws and suspensions are used.
The next step will be the installation of mineral wool on the wall, it will be especially convenient to use slabs of basalt fiber. Such a warming system provides for the installation of a vapor barrier, it usually acts as a windproof membrane, which reduces the blowing of heat from the house. At the final stage, siding is established.
This technology has several advantages. Among them, it should be noted that there is no need for the master to have special skills for performing plastering and painting work. In addition, if you use high-quality PVC siding, then with proper installation, he will be ready to last at least half a century.
Conclusion
Quite often recently, patchwork insulation of the facades of apartment buildings has been used. It involves spot thermal insulation. If you use siding and mineral wool, then finishing care will not require additional care during the entire period of operation.
When the warm season begins, it will be enough to just wash the surface of the walls, which after that again regain an attractive appearance. Expanded polystyrene boards, the price of which is 1130 rubles, can also be used for insulation. for packing.