The content of the workplace involves taking into account certain conditions, material equipment that allow it to be used rationally. This process affects labor productivity.
Safe organization and maintenance of the workplace positively affects the production culture of the enterprise, leading to the full use of its reserves.
Factors
Safe organization and maintenance of the workplace is characterized by the following parameters:
- temperature, exchange, humidity, light, purity, mode of operation;
- state of labor discipline;
- the size of the production site, equipment, production equipment (racks, containers, supports);
- the specifics of the placement of inventory, equipment, labor objects (aggregates, blanks, parts) and tools that ensure rational employee movements;
- the content of the workplace in conjunction with the devices and tools that are needed to implement the process;
- the presence of production and accounting and technical documentation: drawings, process cards, work order instructions, tool books, brands;
- providing the workplace with blanks, parts, materials, technical control, repair of appliances and equipment, if necessary.
Process relevance
Safe maintenance of the workplace has a positive effect on labor productivity.
The results of statistical studies testify that with the correct organization of the workplace, you can count on high-quality and effective work of the employee.
After analyzing the work processes, it was found that the most beneficial is a sitting position. That is why, the rules for the maintenance of the workplace include the issue of placing seats at the factory, where the effort is about 5 kg. With a working force exceeding 10 kg, work should only be carried out in a standing position.
In case of equal convenience between the two provisions, the employee has the right to independently choose one of them.
Important information
Keeping a workplace clean is a must. All tools, fixtures, finished and processed products should be placed so that their installation, installation, delivery, the employee spent the minimum amount of time.
There are certain requirements for the maintenance of the workplace, according to which the axis of the body of the employee must coincide with the work area.
The maximum number of movements that are made by him must be within the working normal zone. The movements made by the employee should be associated with minimal effort. A variety of devices are suitable for this, which speed up and facilitate the process of performing the required amount of work. All movements are assumed to be rhythmic and simple.
The content of the workplace is a way to increase labor productivity simultaneously with the growth of product quality.
General terms
The content of the workplace must comply with health standards, as well as the most efficient use of employee energy. The norms of air temperature, its circulation, arrangement of inventory and equipment, and room lighting have been developed.
When designing jobs, the requirements of technical aesthetics must be taken into account. If the inventory and equipment matches the color and shape of the aesthetic requirements, you can count on a significant relief of human labor.
Modern requirements
What is a workplace organization? The content of the organization of the workplace is a prerequisite for increasing the efficiency of employees. In addition to muscular expenses, in the course of labor activity the load on the human optic-nervous apparatus significantly increases. With a rational, ergonomic design of the workshops, the use of reasonable coloring of implements and equipment, it is possible to increase the tone of workers, and to increase labor productivity with minimal energy costs.
The correct selection of colors helps reduce fatigue, it is considered an excellent prevention of conflicts in the workplace.
Selection of materials
Statistical studies conducted at the production site confirmed the possibility of increasing labor productivity by 15-20 percent, subject to the above factors.
A positive effect on the central nervous system is exerted by green-blue, yellow colors. It is advisable to paint the upper part of the walls, ceilings, window blocks with light shades: cream, white, blue. Light colors reflect more than half of the sunlight, therefore, there is a significant saving of electrical energy. The panels used on the walls are recommended to be painted in light green. The fixed parts of modern equipment should be green in color, and moving fragments should be painted yellow or cream.
The racks installed in the production halls correspond to the basic equipment in color. For levers and buttons on the control panels, contrasting shades are chosen.
Danger warnings in different colors
In order to prevent the likelihood of industrial injuries, to comply with safe working conditions, some elements are painted in warning colors:
Yellow color is used to designate those parts and materials that can push, pinch, which the employee may hit, get a serious injury. For example, transport and lifting equipment, monorails, trolleys, cranes, initial and last steps of stairs are painted in this color. To increase the effect, alternating yellow and black stripes is used.
Red color - a signal of increased danger, a warning about the possibility of fire. It is used when painting brake devices, fire fighting equipment, prohibiting signs.
An orange hue is used to designate parts and mechanisms that can injure workers. It is used when painting sharp edges, internal surfaces, open fixtures of machines, contact with which can lead to electric shock.
Orange color is suitable for warning about the possibility of radiation exposure.
Green color is allowed for safe materials, exit doors, lockers with pharmaceutical preparations.
Lighting
To enhance the effect, professionals offer using high-quality lighting. It has special requirements. The maximum amount of light should be in the working area, so that the employee was comfortable performing their direct functional duties.
Depending on the specifics of production, the amount of electrical energy supplied to the working area varies significantly.
Work safety
Immediately after employment, an introductory briefing at the workplace is conducted with a new employee . Its content depends on the specifics of the enterprise.
According to article 216 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, a responsible employee (labor protection specialist) and the director of an enterprise are required to make explanatory recommendations that relate to specific activities.
Training Options
There are several options for briefings; each of them uses its own instruction.
The primary form is carried out before the direct performance of official duties. It is mandatory for all categories of employees, regardless of working conditions. It will include questions regarding the safe route to the workplace, methods and technologies for performing direct duties, safety measures, as well as requirements for clothes and shoes, appearance in the performance of work functions.
Introductory briefing is used in situations where an employee is hired. A second option is needed in cases when emergency situations arise that demonstrate incomplete employees' knowledge in the field of labor protection, organization and safety of the workplace.
In addition, repeated briefings are necessary after emergencies. Their goal is to periodically update the knowledge of employees. Frequency of repeated briefings - 1 time per quarter.
Unscheduled briefings are carried out with changes in technological chains. For example, when installing new equipment in the workshops, the requirements for the organization of the workplace change, so the OT specialist conducts unscheduled training for employees. The reason for unscheduled instruction may be an accident at work, the cause of which was a violation of safety precautions, incorrect organization of the workplace. In a special journal, the reason for the circumstances of this kind is indicated. Based on the results of the inspection of the commission created at the factory, a certificate of injury is drawn up.
Targeted briefings are intended for specific tasks, the implementation of which is associated with a serious danger to the health of the employee. They are carried out as necessary. For example, theoretical classes are conducted with the development of acquired skills in practice. The results of the briefing are recorded in a special journal, the employee puts a signature confirming the reality of its conduct.
The organization of a high-quality and safe workplace is the task of an employer who thinks about the health of his employees. Activities associated with this process are paid off by the high productivity of employees, increasing the prestige of the company, and also lead to the receipt of additional material profit by this company.