How pleasing to the ear are the names of the Moscow seven-hill, the Luzhnikovskaya bend, the Smorodina River, which later became the Moscow River. Vorobyovy Gory (either Svarozhye Mountain, or Vorozheyskaya Mountain) is one of the 7 hills on which Moscow lies.
The emergence of the temple on the Sparrow Hills
Here, on a steep cliff of the Teploostankinsky Upland, on the Moscow hill farthest from the Kremlin, the Temple of the Life-Giving Trinity on the Sparrow Hills is located.
The ancient village of Vorobyevo, which gave the name to the hill, changed the owners due to princely intrigues, as did the local church, the first mention of which dates back to the middle of the 15th century. Then, already in the second half of the 17th century, on the site of the separately disassembled three dismantled churches, they built a single Trinity Church.
The building that exists now began to be built in 1811, retaining its former name, and the old church, due to its dilapidation, was dismantled by order of Catherine.
Temple history
It is an unconditional fact that the Temple of the Trinity Life-Giving on the Sparrow Hills has its own history. It was in this temple that M. I. Kutuzov offered a prayer to the whole famous Council at Fili. By a fluke, during the capture of Moscow by Napoleon, the church was not damaged, in 1813 its complete construction was completed. Architect A. Vitberg, the author of the project, developed a building designed in the style of late classicism - Empire style. Single-domed, with a quadrangular base and aisles, it was decorated with columns on the facade. The Holy Trinity Church on the Sparrow Hills has a two-tier bell tower.
Renovated in 1858 and in 1898, after the October Revolution, we can say that it was constantly under the threat of demolition - something was expanding, something was being laid, something was being built, and the temple territory was always needed. But it can be stated that the fate of this religious building is happy - it survived the Moscow fire of 1812 and was not demolished in Soviet times, it escaped the ban on bell ringing introduced in the capital. Obviously, in all these cases, its distance from the center played an important role.
Temple device
The Church of the Life-Giving Trinity on the Sparrow Hills has two chapels dedicated to Sergius of Radonezh and Nicholas the Wonderworker. The relics of this church include two venerated icons of the Mother of God - “Passionate” and “Holy Sky”, as well as several temple icons.
There are several Trinity churches and temples in Moscow, which are usually laid on church holidays. So, any church of the Holy Life-Giving Trinity began to stand on this great holiday - the Trinity, or Fifty, one of the twelve holy days of the church. One of the most beautiful and solemn services is performed on that day. This holiday is associated with greenery, with the victory of spring over winter. Maybe that's why the roofs of many Trinity churches are painted green. That's very beautiful! In some interpretations it is considered as a mixture of blue and yellow. In this regard, it symbolizes the rebirth of the soul through generosity and good deeds. It is also the color of St. John the Evangelist. His mantle is often green.
The peculiarity of the Ostankino temple
The Moscow
Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Ostankino also has a
green roof and is also unusually beautiful. Built at the end of the 17th century, it is the pinnacle of the work of the masters of Moscow pattern design. From the name it is clear that this style was replete with decorative elements. Everything was here - and compositions of particular complexity, the silhouette of the building was, as a rule, unusually picturesque, the style was distinguished by intricate forms and a large amount of decor. Opinions on the origin of the pattern differ, he is reproached even for the mannerism borrowed from the West. A typical example of this trend in Russian architecture, the church in Ostankino, has existed for about 300 years - from the moment when, instead of the old wooden church with the blessing of the Patriarch of Moscow, it was decided to build a stone Trinity Church. The village of Ostashkovo (now Ostankino) was the main representative office in the Moscow region of very large landowners - the princes of Cherkassky. The main residence is a decent home church! The Tver road leading to the Trinity-Sergius Lavra passed by the temple, and all the nobility, including the crowned persons, stopped at the owners, visited the new church. It had three chapels, the central one was dedicated, like the previous church, to the Life-Giving Trinity.
Unique iconostasis
The iconostasis of the temple, consecrated simultaneously with the central chapel in 1692, is unique. Its design was unusual for Orthodox religious buildings, intricate and sophisticated, and very much resembled an organ. The arrangement of icons, their frames, different and not repeating each other in any intervals between them, everything was unprecedented and causing surprise and admiration. Over time, the owner of Ostankino becomes Nikolai Sheremetyev, who decided to change the appearance of the church and the iconostasis, adding new icons. The following changes are already made by his son. There were a few updates, in particular, before the arrival of the couple of Alexander II. But in 1875, at the next restoration, it was decided to return the church to its original appearance and decoration, and then turn it into a monument of Russian architecture.
During the years of Soviet rule, the temple was not demolished, but thoroughly looted. From 1991 to 1996, the consecration of three chapels of the church is consecrated. Gradually, the temple returns to its original purpose. Divine services began in the 90s of the previous century. The main shrines stored here are the Temple Icon of the Old Testament Trinity and the
Chernigov Icon of the Mother of God.Temple in Khoroshevo
No less interesting is the fate that befell the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Khoroshevo, erected at the behest of Boris Godunov in his estate as a home church in 1598. The author, by assumption, is Fedor Kon. In the XIX century, the bell tower and the refectory were completed. The beautifully decorated kokoshniks under the dome decorate and make it different from other temples. In the XVII century it was slightly modified - the windows were expanded and the porch turned into a gallery. In Soviet times, it was made into a collective farm club or a children's consultation, and they even painted the main decoration - kokoshniki with plain paint. But already in the 60s of the XX century, the temple was restored, returning to its original form, although something could not be restored (portals). Since the 90s, services have resumed, the temple was returned to believers. The main shrine of the temple is a particularly revered
icon of the Mother of God of Georgia, the Round image of
St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, the Icon of the Mother of God of Kazan.
Services time
The schedule of the Church of the Trinity Life-Giving includes a detailed and clear schedule of services, which consist of prayers and priests. That is, the exact time of the completion of all church rites and services should be indicated, because people come to not only from all over the district, but also from other regions to take out especially revered icons, for example, the icon of the Mother of God of Georgia.