Before proceeding with the installation of the heating system, it is required to take into account all the parameters of the structure. It doesn’t depend on how big the house is and how many floors it has. To select the most suitable scheme, you need to consider the following factors:
- Fuel used.
- Power characteristics of radiators.
- Type of boiler.
- The material from which the heating will be made.
The heating scheme of a one-story house can be presented in several versions.
- Single tube.
- Gravity flow.
- Two-pipe.
Each option has its own characteristics.
Gravity type
Such a heating scheme for a one-story house is the simplest classic option. It has both advantages and disadvantages. The gravity flow heating scheme of a one-story house is based on the layout of the house. The circle of circulation should envelop the entire structure. The disadvantages of this system include massive pipes. Without them, the circulation of the coolant will be ineffective. In this case, do not use heating radiators or replace pipes with thinner ones. This will result in a maximum decrease in flow rate and a cessation of water circulation. Thus, the temperature in housing will decrease significantly. For this reason, the simplest self-flowing heating scheme for a one-story house includes a boiler and a tap, which entangles the entire house. You can also increase the area of the heater. For this, not one, but two thick bends are launched. Many are interested in the question of how to organize the connection yourself. To do this, you need instructions for wiring the water system. Thanks to her, all the work can be done by one person, even if he has minimal construction experience. In this case, the system should turn out to be fault tolerant and cheap.
Primary requirements
The scheme of the heating system of a one-story house should be designed so that it is as simple as possible to install it. It is not always possible to invite professionals for the design and the work itself. In addition, it will be very interesting to do the installation operations with your own hands. Another critical requirement is the economical operation. The heating circuit of a private one-story house has practically no effect on the boiler's efficiency. Nevertheless, everything must be done in order to increase heat savings. It is also necessary to take care of fault tolerance. The last parameter means that the heating of a one-story house should be organized so that the system does not freeze at any temperature outside due to excessive heat transfer. Non-volatility is a desirable factor. If installation of water heating with forced circulation is carried out, it is best that it can also work with natural, even with a decrease in efficiency. The fact is that power outages often happen.
Instrument Features
The parameters of modern convectors are very similar to the capabilities of radiators, which cannot be said about domestic products of the 80s. The question of what exactly to put is decided individually. In order to calculate the required number of heating appliances, you can use a fairly simple formula: 10 square meters. square meters with a standard ceiling height (approximately 3 m) per 1 kW of thermal power. All information about the heater is usually contained in the accompanying documentation.
Wiring options
There are different schemes for water heating a one-story house. Consider the main types. First, let's figure out what a two-pipe heating scheme for a one-story house is like.
General Connection Information
Two pipelines are laid along the perimeter of the house (in the living room or under the floor). One of them is the reverse, and the other is the server. As jumpers, convectors, fan coil units, registers or radiators are embedded in them. Thus, a peculiar short circuit is created. It is known that water tends to circulate through the heating elements closest to the corresponding pump. It is necessary to balance the system so that heat is also delivered to distant appliances. The passage of water through a certain part of the batteries should be limited by chokes. This scheme has its drawbacks. First of all, we are talking about high consumption of pipes. Without balancing, there is a risk of defrosting. For example, if a curious child opens the near chokes to failure, then after some time the circulation in the distant batteries will completely drop. After that, it is very difficult to restore such heating systems, since radiators and pipes will be broken by ice.
Subtypes
Vertical
A feature of this heating scheme is that water enters all radiators at a time, which are located vertically at different levels. For more accurate tincture of heating, temperature controllers and balance valves are used.
Horizontal
This heating scheme is different in that the coolant enters all the radiators at the same time at the same time. In this case, all their outputs are connected to one tap. Using the return element, the coolant is returned to the boiler.
Horizontal distribution
The outputs of all radiators are connected to the boiler. An example is underfloor heating.
Beam connection
The diagram of this heating system is as follows.
Collectors are mounted on the return and direct branches. On any pipeline there should be combs with chokes. A pair of pipes goes from each pair (from the return and supply) to the battery. This scheme is characterized by convenience, wide capabilities and excellent adjustment. However, installation in this case is a rather difficult task. You will have to hide about half a dozen pipes behind the false walls or floor screed. In fact, there will be many more. Accordingly, the total cost will be quite high.
One-pipe heating scheme of a one-story house ("Leningradka")
This connection option is the simplest. The one-pipe heating scheme of a one-story house involves the installation of certain elements in the prescribed sequence. On the perimeter of the house you need to start a large-diameter branch (at least 32). In this case, the larger the size, the better. The pipe is mounted inside the living rooms. Thus, all the heat given off by its surface will heat the premises. The outer walls require it most. The wiring should be slightly higher on the supply side than in the place where the return is returned to the boiler. Convectors or radiators crash into the loopback. This is done using a pipe of a smaller diameter - mainly DU20. On eyeliners, it is advisable to mount the valves shutting off the heater, as well as chokes. The air vent in the upper plug will not be superfluous. This heating scheme will allow you to start heat without the need for additional fittings.
Vertical connection
In this scheme, the water heated in the boiler is piped to the first radiator, and then to the second. After the coolant passes through the last element, it again appears in the boiler. In this case, there is one drawback. It represents the temperature difference between the last and first radiator. This problem is corrected during design and installation operations. The last radiators are made large in accordance with the working area. In some cases, bypass jumpers are used for balancing. Adjusting such a circuit is a rather difficult task.
Horizontal connection
In one of the above connections, the serial radiators were vertically located at different levels. In this system, a slightly different device. Each radiator is sequentially located one after the other horizontally. Water similarly flows from the boiler to the inlet of the first, whose outlet, in turn, is connected to the second. The last radiator is connected to the boiler. It is also very difficult to regulate such a scheme. However, balancing can be done during design and installation operations. Inductors are important elements in the system. Using them, the temperature of the radiators is aligned along the ring. Thanks to special devices, air is placed, which without these elements is displaced by water into the upper part of the heating unit. Thus, the heat transfer efficiency is reduced. Installation of such a system is easily carried out independently. This is done quickly enough, in addition, with minimal cost. Heat will not be lost, since all elements of communication are located inside residential premises. The movement of the coolant will begin to slow down if a circulation pump is installed. However, it will not stop. Thermal expansion of the water will contribute to the continuation of the circulation.
Varieties of heat sources
The gas heating scheme of a one-story house is quite popular today. The heat carrier in this case is heated in the boiler. As the name implies, the connection is made to the gas main. It combines usability and low cost. Condensing boilers are considered the best of gas. Such boilers allow you to extract maximum heat from the combustion products. This is achieved by condensation. The best solid fuel boilers are pyrolysis. In them, the fuel is first converted into gas (with limited access to air), and then burns. There is very little ash left. In addition, such boilers can operate in semi-automatic mode. Thus, the participation of residents will be minimal. Any modern gas boiler is equipped with a thermostat.