An experienced doctor can tell you how to determine and stop intrauterine bleeding. In official medicine, this condition is called dysfunctional (a symptom of a disease of the reproductive system) or obstetric (during pregnancy and after childbirth) uterine bleeding. These terms suggest a pathological condition in which the uterus becomes a source of copious discharge with blood. Among other variants of hormonal disorders, it is characterized by the most pronounced symptoms. Most often this is due to the problems of generating sex hormones necessary for the female body.
general information
So, what could be the causes and symptoms of intrauterine bleeding? It is known that pathology is not limited to age limits. All cases are usually divided into groups based on the age of the patient. Juvenile is fixed if bleeding accompanies puberty and is detected in girls 12-18 years old. At the age of 18-45 years, a woman is in the reproductive period, which imposes its own characteristics on the situation. Finally, bleeding can develop between the ages of 45-55, when ovarian function deteriorates. That is, during menopause.
You need to contact a doctor who is able to provide assistance, who knows how to choose the right treatment and how to stop intrauterine bleeding. There are several key signs that distinguish pathology from blood secretion during menstruation.
It is important to determine the volume of discharge. During menstruation, a woman loses up to 80 ml of blood. In the case of pathology, its volume is greater. If sanitary pads have to be changed often enough and the pause between replacements is 1-2 hours, this is probably not a standard period. In addition, the duration of the discharge increases. If the menstrual period of blood allocation varies from three days to seven, then with uterine bleeding there is a need to use hygiene products for a week or more. Blood may go after intimate contact. Such bleeding occurs at different periods of life, including menopause, when regular menstruation has ended.
Forms and Types
In medicine, several types of intrauterine bleeding are distinguished. Such a pathology can appear even in an infant. All these cases are classified as bleeding in newborns. Vaginal discharge at this age is insignificant in volume. Usually, the condition is fixed in the first few days after birth. The reason for the phenomenon is considered to be a sudden strong change in the hormonal background. No specific treatment is required.
Until puberty, bleeding can bother girls around the age of 10 years. Such pathologies are recorded relatively rarely. The cause is most often a hormone-generating tumor located in the ovaries and releasing a large amount of sex hormones into the circulatory system. In medicine, the condition has been designated as false puberty.
Juvenile bleeding can be troubling at 12-18 years old. In the reproductive period, the development of dysfunctional bleeding of the organic form is possible. The appearance of pathology is likely during the period of bearing a child or during the birth of a child.
During menopause, blood secretions are caused by hormonal correction. In some, bleeding is a signal of diseases of the reproductive system.
Breakthrough type
Sometimes the blood discharge is disruptive. So it is customary to designate a condition due to the intake of hormonal contraceptives. Scanty spotting is possible. If a woman came precisely because of such disturbing symptoms, the doctor will suggest that their cause is the adaptation of the body to the drug.
Breakthrough blood discharge should not be considered an insignificant pathological condition, even if the volumes are small. Having noticed a symptom, it is recommended to immediately contact a qualified doctor.
If blood flow becomes stronger, they are sent for additional studies, suggesting diseases of the genital organs. If a woman uses an intrauterine device, blood secretion may indicate damage to the walls of the organ with this device. If the spiral is the cause, intrauterine bleeding will not stop until the spiral is removed. Do not drag with the procedure.
Adolescents and Health Issues
Comparatively often, young girls who are interested in learning about the causes and symptoms of intrauterine bleeding come to gynecological clinics accompanied by their mothers. Cases of juvenile pathologies are not uncommon. The period of puberty, which usually falls within the age of 12-18 years, is not easily tolerated by the human body, so there is the possibility of a variety of failures. In a fairly large percentage of young girls, doctors detect ovarian dysfunction - it is it that provokes bleeding. Pathology is possible against the background of frequent colds, due to a chronic infectious focus or even due to excessive physical activity. There are cases when ovarian dysfunction bothered due to a psychological trauma or an improperly selected diet or diet.
There is a dependence on the time of year. In many, blood secretions are recorded in the winter, in the spring. Such cases in their main percentage are not accompanied by ovulation. Much less often, a doctor who is well versed in the types and first signs of intrauterine bleeding suggests that the cause of this phenomenon in a teenager is a serious illness.
Blood secretions are possible due to tumor processes localized in the uterine cavity, neck, and ovaries. There is a chance of detecting blood coagulation problems. The type of discharge considered may indicate tuberculosis that has affected the reproductive system. The main risk associated with blood secretions during this period in case of prolonged, intense bleeding is the formation of anemia. Juvenile cases are recommended to be treated in a hospital setting.
Before, during, and after menopause
Menopause is accompanied by a variety of changes in the body. To control them, you need to carefully monitor your health. Premenopause is relatively often accompanied by unpredictable discharge of blood from the reproductive organs. Among other gynecological abnormalities, these are most often found.
Blood secretions are possible due to diseases of various organs that form the reproductive system. Blood secretions are provoked by hormonal imbalance, taking medications. In the latter case, the discharge is called iatrogenic. Finally, with intrauterine bleeding, diagnosis can show diseases that affect organs outside the reproductive system. There are cases when the symptom indicated thyroid disease or problems with blood coagulation.
If a woman aged 40 years or older consults a doctor because of spotting, the doctor will prescribe certain research measures. At the same time, it is taken into account that the current level of development of medicine is not high enough, therefore, in premenopause it is quite difficult to diagnose bleeding correctly.
Hormonal restructuring that accompanies this stage leads to an unauthorized change in the nature of menstruation. Duration, intensity, regularity changes. Perhaps the cessation of menstrual flow for 1-2 months with subsequent resumption. Such phenomena are not considered pathology and do not require treatment.
Do I need to go to the doctor?
Certain symptoms and signs of intrauterine bleeding are known, the appearance of which should be a reason for a woman to consult a doctor. If the discharge of blood is very plentiful, if blood clots appear between menstruation or blood from the vagina is observed, you need to use medical help. Premenopausal women’s health problems are indicated by short cycles of up to 21 days, as well as prolonged blood flow. Compared to the typical duration, they are three days longer, sometimes even longer. If a woman did not have three or more consecutive menstrual cycles, but blood flow started, it makes sense to assume a pathological cause of the phenomenon and come to an appointment.
After the doctor stops the intrauterine bleeding in the patient who asked for help, he will explain what happened, offer to undergo an examination to determine the cause, and also give a description of the situation.
If menopause is diagnosed, any blood discharge is pathological. This means that the appearance of traces of blood on linen is a good enough reason to visit a doctor. Many mistakenly believe that during menopause, the discharge of blood from the vagina is the norm. This is nothing more than a myth and a fallacy, and quite dangerous - a symptom indicates an unhealthy organism, and only a doctor can assess how large it is.
What provokes
Doctors are well aware that often intrauterine bleeding is a symptom of a serious illness. Blood excretion can signal cervicitis. Myoma manifests itself in a similar way. There is a chance of atrophy. In rare cases, blood indicates cancer. The probability of such an explanation of the discharge is not high, however, it cannot be excluded. Oncology can affect the uterus, its neck, ovaries, affect the endometrium. It is quite problematic to determine independently which of these phenomena is present, and which diseases are definitely not there. It is known that many diseases have a long latent period. Early diagnosis is possible only if the woman pays attention to spotting and consults a doctor in order to determine the factors that provoked them.
Only after determining the causes of the discharge can therapeutic measures be selected. Treatment of intrauterine bleeding often involves taking hormonal drugs. They are resorted to if there is a violation of the concentration of active compounds in the circulatory system. It is possible to detect organic pathology, due to which blood is secreted. The doctor will choose the course based on the specific disease. In order to determine the optimal tactics, research measures and tests will be prescribed, which will make it possible to specify in detail the patient’s health status.
Discharge is not only dysfunctional
Assessing the symptoms of intrauterine bleeding, the doctor will determine if there is a dysfunctional type or is it an obstetric pathology. The first, as mentioned above, is explained by diseases, pathologies, impaired performance of organs included in the reproductive system. Bleeding may be accompanied by ovulation.
The obstetric variety is a discharge that bothers the carrying children of women. They can also be observed during the birth of a child. Sometimes bleeding is recorded in women who have already given birth. As a rule, they appear immediately after birth. The main danger is suddenness, accompanied by active loss of blood. To alleviate the condition of the woman, it is urgent to deliver her to the obstetric institution, where doctors will select the optimal program.
About diagnostics
It is necessary to contact the clinic, noticing the first signs of intrauterine bleeding. Diagnosis of the condition will begin with a survey of the patient, a medical history. A woman is put in a gynecological chair, a local examination is performed. If necessary, blood tests, urine tests, specialized tests such as cervical biopsy, coloscopy are prescribed. Sometimes diagnostic curettage is required. In some cases, pelvic ultrasound is necessary.
The nuances of help
At the first signs of intrauterine bleeding, you need to get an appointment with a gynecologist. If the blood flow is abundant, if a pregnant woman or a woman who has recently resolved from the burden suffers, an ambulance team must be called.
On their own with the help of folk remedies, it is not recommended to treat bleeding. Sometimes, during a consultation, the doctor talks about simple medicine prescriptions that are effective in a particular case, but these will be measures to combat the root causes of the condition. On your own, it is absolutely not worth choosing options from the arsenal of traditional medicine. If the pathology is dysfunctional, hormones will help the woman. Oral contraceptives are most commonly prescribed. Pharmaceutical products stabilize hormones. However, improper use can worsen the condition and provoke a new wave of bleeding.
To quickly stop it, they can recommend curettage of the walls of the uterus. The procedure is done only in the reproductive period and for postmenopausal women. The main goal of the event is to quickly and efficiently stop the release of blood. During the event, they identify what caused bleeding. Adolescents, young women, especially those who have not yet given birth, do uterine curettage only when the patient’s life depends on it.
Therapy - what else is important?
In addition to first aid, treatment of intrauterine bleeding involves a symptomatic therapeutic course. If bleeding has caused a woman to lose a large amount of blood, an invasive treatment is recommended to restore the body. Many are prescribed anti-anemia medications. If anemia is very severe, medications indicated for the fight against anemia may be prescribed for injection. If the condition is relatively mild, oral administration is sufficient.
A general strengthening treatment is prescribed. The patient should take vitamins. Recommended drugs that increase the level of natural defense of the body. Useful antioxidants. It is known that bleeding is very often caused by stressful effects and psychoemotional shocks. Against the background of such phenomena, the appointment of sedatives is justified. If a woman is faced with a pathology of the reproductive system due to an improper lifestyle, adjust the diet, advise to abandon bad habits.
What to do first
Few of our compatriots know what first aid should be. Intrauterine bleeding can be quite severe. In this condition, it’s pointless to go to the clinic on your own, where a queue or appointment is possible.
The woman's task is to call an ambulance. This is especially important during pregnancy or if the patient's condition gradually becomes worse. There are cases when procrastination has led to dire consequences, so do not risk it again. The doctor who arrives at the call will assess the condition and analyze which causes of the phenomenon are most likely. Waiting for a doctor, it is strictly forbidden to warm the lower abdomen with a heating pad or immerse yourself in a hot and even warm bath. Douching is prohibited. Do not use drugs that stimulate uterine contractions. In some cases, they are shown, in others they can do much harm. Only a doctor can evaluate when such drugs are needed.
The first rule of behavior for signs of intrauterine bleeding is to provide yourself with bed rest. You must lie horizontally on your back with your legs slightly raised. For greater convenience, a roller or pillow is placed under the limbs. The greater the loss of blood, the less the danger of losing consciousness in this position. The risk of serious complications is reduced. Blood flows to vital organs, so the patient can wait for the ambulance to arrive at relatively low risks.
In addition, it is important to drink as much as possible. Of course, the most successful option is to put a dropper with saline, but not everyone has one, especially at home. A substitute will be a plentiful drink - tea, water, rosehip broth. Thanks to this, the loss of fluid by the body due to bleeding is somewhat compensated. , , . , , .
. . , . – , . , – , . . , , .
, , . – . . , , .
. . – «». . «». – 0,015 . . 30 .
, . . , .
All hemostatic drugs can be used only as directed by the doctor. Pregnant women should be especially careful. There is a possibility of side effects. These are determined by the selected drug, dosage regimen, individual characteristics and tolerance of the drug.
Hormone treatment
If dysfunctional intrauterine bleeding is diagnosed and the patient is taken to a hospital, hormonal pharmaceutical products that stop blood flow can be prescribed for treatment. Often use multiphase birth control with a combined composition.
Among the most famous are worth mentioning "Regulon", "Jeanine." On the first day, the patient should take from three to six capsules in order to achieve a relief of blood secretion. Every next day, the dose is reduced by one tablet relative to the previous one. If at first the woman was prescribed five capsules, on the second day she should be given four and so on. Having reached one capsule, the dosage is fixed. The duration of the course is 21 days.
Hormone therapy for intrauterine bleeding is practiced by progestogens. Assign "Linestrenol" (10 mg), "Dydrogesterone" (10 mg). Well proven remedies, in each tablet which contains 5 mg of norethisterone. The method is applicable if spotting is relatively inactive and there is no anemia. With severe anemia, this approach is irrelevant. The drugs on the first day are prescribed in an amount of from three to five capsules, keep this dose until the discharge stops. Then, with a pause of two to three days, adjust the dose, begin to take 1 tablet.
When is it shown?
The use of hormonal pharmaceutical products is recommended only if dysfunctional intrauterine bleeding is established. Such drugs can not be prescribed if a woman may have a tumor process in the uterus. Hormone therapy is allowed for young girls and women who have not previously given birth. Means can also be used if a woman has undergone diagnostic uterine curettage in the last three months and the doctors have not revealed any pathological processes.
Hospital treatment
In addition to hormonal pharmaceutical products, a woman who is placed in a hospital due to intrauterine bleeding is indicated to stop the uncontrolled secretion of blood. Aminocaproic acid is prescribed up to five times a day. For injection, a five percent solution is indicated. Dose - 100 ml. Inside, the drug is used up to five times a day, the dose is 30 ml.
Intramuscularly, the patient is injected with etamzilate sodium. In pharmacies, it is sold under the name "Dicinon." Single dose - 2 ml. The frequency of administration is from one to four injections per day. The duration of the course is one week. An alternative is four times a day, orally, in pill form. Dose is a quarter of a gram.
In case of profuse blood discharge, “Tranexam” is indicated. The duration of use varies from three to four days, per day the tool is used up to four times. Dose - from a gram to a half.
Uterine bleeding can have many different causes. For proper treatment, you need to undergo an examination and install one of them.