A herbal mixture that has been tested over the years is used to provide livestock with green fodder, haymaking, and as green manure. Vico-oat mix is widely used in the rotation of many farms in the country. An excellent tandem of legumes and cereal plants gives excellent results with any use.
Siderat
Vico-oat mix works well as green manure - plants that quickly form a green mass. They help the soil recover, working as an environmentally friendly natural fertilizer.
Sown in two ways:
- Before planting a cultivated crop. Early spring planting can solve two problems: it provides the soil with nutrients and prevents weeds from growing. A couple of weeks before planting the main crop, green manure is completely mowed, crushed and immediately buried in the ground. To speed up the decomposition process, watered.
- After harvesting. If possible, it is best to bring the plants to a flowering state. During this period, they have the greatest number of growth stimulants, nutrients. They decompose quickly, enriching the soil. The formation of coarse stems should not be allowed - they rot poorly and become a source of fungal and viral diseases.
For summer cottages or kitchen gardens, the oatmeal mixture is most suitable. The seeding rate is 350-400 grams per 1 hundredth (70% of vetch seeds on 30% of oats seeds). By its nutritional qualities, such green manure can be compared with the introduction of up to 35 tons of manure per 1 ha into the soil.
Sowing and harvesting dates
Vico-oat mix can be sown in autumn, spring and summer. Sow to a depth of 2 to 5 cm, with a gap between rows of 8-12 cm. Already on the 6th day shoots appear. No special care is required. Plants calmly tolerate drought, lack of light (can grow in the shade), withstand frosts up to 7 0 C.
After a month, you can mow for planting in the soil, and this can be done twice during the summer. If the mixture is grown on hay, then they wait for the beginning of the formation of beans, for silage - with their mass formation, on the green mass - the beginning of flowering. When growing on seeds, a separate method of harvesting is used, waiting for the beans to be browned and ripened on the middle and lower parts of the plants.
Green feed
The planned production and rational use of green fodder in the pasture period is called the green conveyor. Its effectiveness directly depends on the selection of crops.
Oats are one of the most common feed crops. This is the best companion for sowing with legumes. Vico-oat mix in the middle zone and Non-Black Earth region is of the greatest importance in the turnover of the green conveyor.
After one and a half to two months, grass can already be fed. The difference in sowing dates in different areas in two to three weeks allows more rational use of forage areas. For a season, such terms can be from two to five, depending on the climatic zone.
Longevity of pasture use directly depends on the correct selection of sown grass. Bean and cereal mixtures make fuller use of nutrients and soil moisture. This is because the root systems (fibrous and pivotal) are evenly distributed in different horizons. This is exactly the vetch-oat mix. The sowing rate per 1 ha is 180 kg of seeds, 80 kg per oat, and 100 kg per vetch. Excess green mass is used to harvest silage or hay.
Benefits
In addition to the fact that a combination of vetch and oats can be grown almost throughout the country, this mixture also has other advantages:
- It is well eaten by animals. One cow per day absorbs up to 50 kg of green mass, and during the period of earing of oats and flowering vetch - up to 65 kg.
- It grows quickly after mowing or bleeding. During the pasture period, one plot can be sown up to five times.
- It has a high yield. The yield of green mass can be up to 180 kg / ha, hay - 50 kg / ha.
- Saves the soil. Improves its structure, protects from leaching and weathering, destroys weeds.