A chimney protruding above the roof is only the visible part of the design of the chimney, which provides the output of harmful elements - smoke and gases. The operation of any exhaust system must be carried out strictly in accordance with fire safety regulations.
Terms of use of gas-fired boilers
Reliability and safety of the use of the heating system are entirely in the care of the owner of the house or cottage. Requirements for chimneys of gas boilers are developed in order to prevent emergency situations. To install the boiler in full compliance with all requirements, it is necessary to take into account the type of boiler and fuel, to know the design features of the chimney in the house.
To solve the problem of removal of combustion products, the owner of the house can contact specialized stores.
In order for the installed system to be operated as efficiently and safely as possible, it is important to understand the general principles of operation of the boiler of the corresponding variety, its advantages and disadvantages, strengths and weaknesses.
Then, the requirements for the chimneys of gas boilers should be thoroughly studied to avoid violations and prevent emergency situations.
Modern varieties of chimney systems
Self-assembly of the chimney is a fully feasible project, although qualified consultation of a specialist practitioner will never hurt. To date, the following boiler models exist:
- classic brick;
- metal from stainless pipes;
- coaxial, with a specific anti-condensate form.
Mounting Features
The installation of the chimney of gas boilers, the requirements for which satisfy all design parameters, is usually carried out under the strict supervision of specialists. In this case, all necessary measurements will be made, the quality of work will provide the house with a reliable chimney system that has been working for many years.
The specifics of various types of devices
I must say that the traditional brick chimney is not only irrelevant in terms of design, but already outdated in technical terms. This is a rather complex structure, which is expensive in all respects - from masonry, materials, to time spent. Weak performance and a minimum of ease of cleaning, a low level of removal of harmful substances make it the most unpopular option.
Stainless steel boilers can offer a fairly wide range of models, have durability and ease of operation. Typically, a device is a so-called sandwich system when one pipe is inserted inside another.
The air gap between the pipes is filled with basalt wool, which provides heat resistance. This is a simple and successful solution for the removal of smoke and gas waste.
Coaxial Chimney
It is characterized by high external presentability and a decent level of technical parameters. The specific form provides a smooth distribution of condensate and its mass output. This quality is very relevant for gas fuel systems.
How to choose a chimney for a gas boiler? Requirements, photo
Consider the general requirements for the installation of boilers. Having chosen the optimal smoke exhaust device and proceeding with its installation, you should carefully read the safety rules for each type of system.
The chimney for a gas boiler, the requirements for which are set out in building codes and rules, is established with the relevant standards:
- pipes are placed inside the building and its main wall (the external chimney requires additional insulation);
- the location of the system is vertical, the slope does not exceed 30 degrees, without extensions and contractions;
- the cross-sectional area does not exceed the level of the cross-sectional area of gas equipment;
- connection to the boiler is carried out through corrugation or stainless pipes with heat-resistant coating (enamel, etc.);
- the pipe should protrude outward by at least 50 cm, the number of turns does not exceed three;
- joints are thoroughly sealed;
- horizontal parts of pipes in rooms with a height of 3 m do not exceed a length of 3 m;
- slopes of pipes towards the boiler cannot exceed 0.1 degrees;
- to collect condensate, a special container is installed with a cleaning window located below the entrance of the chimney cavity into the channel;
- excluded any deflection of the pipe in the joints;
- the distance between surfaces and heat-resistant materials is at least 5 cm, and between flammable ones - from 25 cm;
- the chimney located on the roof is removed from the roof ridge by no more than 1.5 m; if it is removed to a distance of 3 m, it is set flush with the ridge;
- on a flat roof, the chimney should rise by at least 1 m.
The requirements for chimneys of gas boilers include a number of strict restrictions, which are also important for everyone who has these systems at their disposal.
What is prohibited during installation?
The installation procedure of the outgoing structures eliminates a number of potentially dangerous points. The chimney for a gas boiler, the fire safety requirements for which are described in SNiPs, include the following restrictions:
- all channels can not be made of porous materials, cinder concrete (the best option is stainless steel, which can be combined with a brick shaft of one and a half walls);
- no smoke pipes pass through dwellings, enclosed loggias or poorly ventilated areas of the house;
- it is forbidden to place nozzles on top of gas appliances;
- there can be no connections in the chimney inside the ceilings;
- non-insulated pipes are not placed outside - condensation will interfere with the operation of the boiler and may exceed the capacity of the collector;
- pipes must not be laid next to flammable materials - thermal insulators must be used, and plates for protection against fire must be used in interfloor areas.
The requirements for the chimneys of gas boilers are quite achievable, the whole production line for the production of modern models of these devices is aimed at this.
Standards for installing a brick system
A brick chimney for a gas boiler, the requirements for which are much higher, is constructed under the following rules:
- the arrangement of such a chimney is made at a time with the walls of the house according to one principle, regardless of the method of using its channels - external or internal;
- such a chimney needs a solid foundation, which can be built from reinforced or simple brick;
- when designing the foundation, it must be borne in mind that its height can be no lower than 3 m, and the width must protrude beyond the chimney contour by 1.5 meters or more;
- tightness in the chimney structure is observed;
- the inner surface is smooth, special patterns are used in the construction process;
- the thickness of the partitions between the channels must be at least 120 millimeters (half a brick), in ventilation ducts - half as much;
- at the end of the chimney is a head made of reinforced concrete, the edges of which extend beyond a distance of 100 millimeters;
- the outlets of the ventilation ducts are created under this head through, which will prevent air from blowing out (the size of these openings cannot be smaller than that of the duct).
Basic requirements for a brick chimney
This type of chimney has gained the trust of users thanks to its many advantages:
- high level of efficiency, which is ensured by a good warming of the air mass;
- compactness - one pipe instead of two massive ones;
- no ventilation needed;
- environmental friendliness of the whole system;
- air safety in the boiler room - the device takes another oxygen supplied through a separate channel;
- low cost of the discharge system;
- no problems with condensate discharge;
- low fuel consumption for bathing needs;
- protection of walls from overheating due to a good supply of cold air.
Coaxial chimney installation
The coaxial type of gas elements is built inside gas convectors, radiators having closed combustion chambers.
The basic requirements for the installation of a coaxial chimney of a gas boiler include the use of the following elements:
- knee;
- chimney pipe;
- flange;
- boiler adapter;
- crimp clamp.
In general, the requirements for chimneys of gas boilers (SNiP) of the coaxial type are lower than for the rest, ordinary.
This type of device is installed close to the boiler and the wall - all materials that are fusible and unstable to high temperatures should be removed from the surrounding area. It is important to accurately calculate the location of the pipe outlet to the outside - it is placed 1.5 m above the boiler element. The hole is made in a diameter of 110-125 mm, which coincides with the pipe. The requirements for the coaxial chimney of a gas boiler are observed during installation and provide safety standards for residents of the house.
Building codes for installation
Building codes and regulations regulate in detail the process of cleaning chimneys and ventilation ducts. Primary and secondary checks are carried out, in case of violations the system is dismantled. The owner may be deprived of a building license or brought to administrative responsibility.
The traditional cleaning of chimney systems from soot and soot is carried out before the start of the heating season. On average, the cleaning procedure should be organized at least once a quarter. Heat-resistant structures are cleaned once a year.
Chimney Inspection Procedure
Regular inspection of chimneys ensures the safety of residents. There are several stages of verification. Primary includes the following procedures:
- determination of the literacy of the use of all smoke and combustion products exhaust systems;
- identification of blockages;
- study of all partitions protecting structures unstable to heat;
- measurement of distances and their compliance with standards;
- serviceability of the entire system;
- traction measurement, etc.
If necessary, a secondary audit is carried out, appropriate recommendations are appointed and sanctions are imposed in case of violations.
So, we found out the features of installing chimneys. Successful construction!