What kind of managers are there? This question is increasingly being asked by adolescents entering universities, choosing between the many bright booklets of educational institutions.
Nowadays , almost every specialist who has graduated is called a manager . It comes to managers of floor rags and light bulbs in the hallways ... It's time to figure out who can be called a manager? What are the specialties of managers? What should every manager know?
What is a manager?
One of the largest Internet libraries defines a manager as a manager: ““ Is this a profession? ”You ask.“ Not really. ”I will answer."
We will understand the terminology. To do this, we turn to the All-Russian classifier. According to this document, only workers have professions, and the manager is not a worker. Employees are distributed by position, one of which is the manager. This post belongs to the category of managers, such as the master.
In connection with the above, the question "What are the managers of professions?" Is quite relevant, although a little linguistically incorrect.
So, the manager is one of the managerial positions for the employee.
Manager Responsibilities
The main responsibilities of the manager include a range of decision-making actions in that area and at the level at which the employee is located. It should be mentioned here that there is a tacit division of managers into 3 levels:
- Top management is the top management of the company.
- Mid-level managers - heads of departments and offices, department heads.
- Low-level managers are the most extensive share in the total management of the company, which includes subordinate managers who have direct executives, workers, and specialists.
The main personal qualities of a manager
The main personal qualities of any leader are:
- Leadership. Only a charismatic and self-confident person can manage people, able to inspire the team with confidence in the correctness and success of their joint work.
- Social activity. The ability to communicate with people, praise, motivate, criticize and prove with reasoning is indispensable for a leader of any level.
- Stress resistance. Mental, psychological and moral health of the manager is also a prerequisite for his productive work.
This list can be continued with other criteria of the “ideal” leader, however, all subsequent requirements for his personality will depend on the direction of activity. So what kind of managers are there?
Training areas
Under the direction refers to the aspect of the manager, that is, what part of the business of the company he is called to lead. Directions are very different: from finance and investment to logistics and procurement. At the same time, do not confuse the direction of training with profiles (specialties). The former, as a rule, make it possible to answer frequently asked questions of students entering higher education institutions: “What are the managerial positions?” The latter determine the industry in which the manager specializes (tourism, construction, environmental protection, etc.).
Consider some areas of training managers.
Marketing managers
Marketing, or the promotion of goods on the market, is a growing area of activity of companies. Producing a service or product. Recently, special agencies have been created that, through an outsourcing system, provide organizations with services in this area. As a result, the demand for marketing managers has increased significantly.
What are marketing managers?
They are usually divided by industry, since managers require a good knowledge of the market where you want to bring the product / service. Versatility is almost zero. There is also a division of managers by functions:
- Marketing analysis.
- Market forecasting.
- Marketing budgeting.
- PR managers, etc.
It is worth noting that marketers are engaged in the strategic level of management, that is, in general, they set the course of the company’s movement, without working on emergency situations and specific solutions to possible minor problems.
Sales managers
It is no coincidence that we placed material about the "sales people" next to the marketers. Of course, the directions of their work overlap in many ways. However, it is worth noting the significant features of production managers.
So what are sales managers?
The desire to work for the result is the main requirement for all product managers. Selling products in person, over the phone, over the Internet, and in any other way is the main job of a sales manager. Call sellers leaders in the West. Subsequently, this fashion came to us. However, it should be noted that in this area there are real leaders who perform managerial functions in relation to such important processes as:
- Search for customers.
- Identification of potential sales opportunities.
- Development of a product promotion strategy .
At first glance, these features are duplicated with marketing, but in reality this is not so. Sales managers work at a tactical level, solving pressing problems, urgent tasks and topical issues. Such workers should have special qualities: communicative, stress tolerance (to the highest degree), resourcefulness.
HR managers
Human resources management is perhaps the oldest orientation of managers. They perform a very wide range of work, providing the company with its main assets - employees.
What are the HR managers?
Directions of work are very different:
- Personnel selection (personnel search, introduction of new employees to the team).
- Training for company employees (program development, organizational support).
- Office work in the field of personnel (registration of vacations, sick leave, business trips).
- Ensuring corporate culture (development of business communication regulations, monitoring compliance with corporate ethics).
- Prevention and resolution of conflict situations in the team, much more.
In conclusion, it is worth noting that, unfortunately, today many applicants do not have an understanding of what management is, what kind of managers are, what kind of profession it is and what positions a specialist with a diploma “manager” can take.
We can only advise future students on the threshold of an important choice to be more attentive to their desires and try to find a “middle ground” between the extensive training of managers "in the pure state" and the need to obtain a basic set of knowledge in a particular sector of the national economy. After all, to manage what you do not understand is not only difficult, but also ineffective.