For a comfortable stay in the apartment, the most important factor is the air ventilation device. It is with the help of the ventilation system that you can create the necessary microclimate in any room and provide an influx of fresh air. This issue is especially relevant for rooms that do not have windows. Therefore, before proceeding with the repair in the room, it is necessary to consider the ventilation device.
Ventilation in a room without a window (dressing room, bathroom, toilet) must meet certain standards and requirements, so it is recommended to listen to the advice of masters on how to install an air exchange system.
Purpose of the ventilation system
Regardless of the type of air exchange and design features, ventilation in a room without a window has the same functional properties, which include:
- To maintain optimal temperature conditions in the room, ventilation creates uniform air movement.
- Creating and maintaining a certain level of humidity in the room. It is this function that can significantly reduce the risk of mold and, as a result, fungal formations. This problem is most susceptible to bathrooms, which are most often darkened, which is a favorable condition for the development of harmful microorganisms.
- The presence of ventilation in a dead room without a window helps to remove unpleasant and harmful odors.
Therefore, it is necessary to take seriously the issue of proper organization of ventilation. Only ventilation in a room without a window can produce high-quality air exchange.
Closet ventilation requirements
An intensive exchange of air masses in the dressing room is not required, because it is not used as a living room. With a window, periodic ventilation of the room is enough. Otherwise, it is necessary to equip the ventilation in the dressing room without a window. It should be borne in mind that for comfortable conditions and the safety of things in the dressing room should be no less than a half-time air exchange. Calculating this indicator is simple: you need to multiply the volume of the room by 1.5. This indicator is the main when choosing a fan.
Ventilation Requirements for Plumbing Units
Compared with dressing rooms and other rooms without windows in the apartment, ventilation of the bathroom and toilet has higher requirements. This is due to the fact that such rooms are characterized by high humidity. And humidity causes the appearance of mold and fungus, which have a negative impact on human health and well-being. These harmful factors can cause serious diseases of the respiratory system of the human body, even asthma and allergies. In addition, mold destroys finishing materials, which leads to premature loss of aesthetics of the room.
The necessary requirements for ventilation of the bathroom and toilet are strictly regulated by special documents, according to which, in the presence of contaminated air, an artificial air exchange should be arranged.
Ventilation is necessary if the level of carbon dioxide in the air exceeds the norm:
- for rural areas - not more than 650 mg / m 3 ;
- in small towns - 800 mg / m 3 ;
- in megacities - 1000 mg / m 3 .
In addition, the fan noise level should not exceed 35 dB.
Types of ventilation
Ventilation systems of apartments and houses are classified into several types. Before deciding how to make ventilation in a windowless room, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the types of system and decide which type will be the most optimal and effective in specific conditions (room volume, local climate, building location). There are such types of ventilation: natural and artificial.
Natural ventilation
Natural ventilation is considered the most comfortable for humans, since the movement of air in the room occurs at a low speed, so it is almost not felt. This type of air exchange is developed at the stage of building construction, because in the future it will be necessary to create special ventilation ducts. Otherwise, for ventilation in a room without a window, it will be necessary to make hinged boxes.
The principle of operation of such ventilation is to move air from the supply devices to exhaust grilles mounted on the channels. Air exchange occurs due to the temperature difference of the cold air cloud at the inlet and warm at the system outlet.
Supply devices are considered:
- slots of entrance doors or windows;
- open windows or vents during ventilation;
- special wall or window valves.
To create natural ventilation in a room without a window, special transfer grilles are mounted on the doors or walls of the building. The disadvantage of such a system is considered to be inefficient work in calm and hot weather.
Artificial ventilation
Often, due to many factors, natural ventilation does not cope with the necessary volume of air exchange, so artificial ventilation is equipped in the rooms. In small rooms, artificial ventilation in a room without a window functions due to the formation of excess air pressure, under the influence of which the internal air mixture is removed from the room by incoming air. Fresh air pressure is created by special fans.
In bathrooms, such a system is ineffective, so the fans are installed on the inlet of the ventilation duct. The system works due to the discharge of air, which is sucked into the room through various air supply devices. Such ventilation is most productive in cold regions. The disadvantage of such a system is the increased noise level during fan operation and the need for electrical energy consumption.
Closet ventilation device
Since the dressing room is arranged inside the apartment, there are two options for arranging ventilation:
- the dressing room has at least one wall bordering the street;
- dressing room is surrounded by other rooms.
Depending on the location of the room, there are some features of the organization of ventilation.
Dressing room has an external wall.
In this case, there are several options for ventilation in a room without a window. The best way out is to organize a supply air flow through the outer wall, for which you should mount a wall valve in it, after drilling a hole of the desired diameter in it.
If the dressing room is large, instead of a wall valve, the masters advise installing a special air supply unit.
If the fan is mounted in a hole on the wall, the ventilation will be exhaust type. In this case, air will flow through the slots in the door; in the absence of them, a grill must be mounted in the door.
Dressing room is surrounded by other rooms.
In this case, mounting the ventilation is a little more difficult. If the dressing room borders on a room where there is installed exhaust ventilation, or with a plumbing unit, you need to drill a hole in this wall and install a grill. The inflow of fresh air mass will be carried out through a gap in the door leaf or a specially installed grille.
If the room borders on a room with a window, the air movement can be arranged in the opposite direction. With the window open for ventilation, a stream of fresh air will enter the dressing room through an opening with a grill. The air will be removed through the gap of the opening and further to the nearest hood.
Such ventilation options are effective for small wardrobe rooms. In large rooms, you can install fans on the openings and organize artificial ventilation.
If it is planned to arrange stretch ceilings in the room, then it is advisable to make a separate duct line.
Installation of ventilation in the bathroom
Often, natural ventilation in the bathroom is not very effective due to the increased level of humidity. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out air movement using fans.
Having examined the condition of the ventilation system, first carry out preparatory work, which consists in adjusting the diameters of the duct and fan. If the diameter of the vent hole is smaller than the size of the fan, you will have to expand the entrance to the shaft. These works are carried out using a hammer drill. With a larger diameter of the hole than the size of the fan, the masters advise using special expansion pipes. The pipe is inserted into the hole and filled with mounting foam. After drying, the excess foam is cut out and the visible parts are putty.
Then proceed to the installation of the fan. Wizards advise you to follow the following algorithm of actions:
- First of all, you need to connect the fan wires to the home junction box. Be sure to turn off the general power switch to avoid electric shock.
- Next, remove the decorative fan panel.
- An adhesive is applied to the back and side walls.
- The fan is installed in the hole.
- Screws fasten the grate of the device.
- The next step is to connect power to the fan terminals.
- In conclusion, we replace the decorative panel.
All work on the ventilation device in a room without a window, photos of which were presented in the article, is not difficult to do on their own. The main thing is to assess the condition of the old channels and think over the options for the work.