If you have rights, then with a high degree of probability you came across the concept of manual transmission and you know how it is deciphered. If you are just planning to get the coveted certificate, then this article is for you. From it you will learn the manual transmission decoding, the principle of the "mechanics". Check out some tricks to make life easier for a novice driver.
Manual Transcript
So how does the abbreviation MKPP stands for? This is a manual gearbox. Surely you met her while traveling in personal or public transport. Unlike automatic transmission, gears in a car with this control are manually switched. A mechanical box is very simple in principle, parts for it are much cheaper than "automated" counterparts. Therefore, the cost of cars with manual transmission is much lower. Mostly on the roads you can find vehicles with this type of box. A mechanical transmission has its own characteristics: while driving, the driver has to deal with the manual transmission clutch pedal and often shift gears. On the one hand, for beginners this may seem like a pretty difficult task. But manual control also has a number of undoubted advantages - this is an independent choice of driving mode. An automatic transmission is unlikely to let you sharply push the gas pedal to the floor and overtake a truck in front. And if you still succeed in such a maneuver, it will not pass without a trace for a car. With manual switching, you have the right to choose the gear you need, the main thing is not to make a mistake, and make the right decision.
Manual transmission history
For a more complete understanding of the ICIE decryption and the principles of its work, it is worth looking at the history of the appearance of this mechanism. Initially, the first cars did not have any gears, as in modern transmissions. Torque transmission was transmitted using a chain. The appearance of a mechanical box, we can be grateful to the Benz couple. Bertha, the wife of Karl Benz, after her tour in a new car, complained to her husband about too little engine thrust. The owner of the car brand decided to rectify the situation and already in 1893 a car went on sale, in which the torque was transmitted using a two-speed gearbox.
Soon, the manual gearbox turned into a transmission with three gears, and their number began to grow quite quickly. By 1960, five-speed gearboxes were in circulation. Now in cars you can find five- and six-speed gearboxes. You can also find a seven-speed manual transmission, but only on sports cars. In the rest, the development of "mechanics", apparently, reached its climax. Now all the power of design thought goes to the development of automatic transmissions, which are improving every year.
How is the gearbox arranged?
The manual transmission scheme consists of internal parts: shafts and gears, and external control levers: gearbox and clutch. A mechanical transmission is either with two shafts, or with three. The shaft itself is a part that is responsible for transmitting torque to the wheels. In any gearbox, the shaft axles are parallel and gears are based on them. Three-shaft manual transmissions are mainly equipped with classic-type cars: for example, different VAZ models. Such boxes consist of:
- Primary (drive) shaft - connects to the clutch;
- Secondary (intermediate) rotation is transmitted to it from the first shaft;
- Third (follower).
But on most modern cars, a manual transmission with two shafts is installed. In them, the torque is transmitted from the primary shaft to the secondary using gears. The first shaft is connected to the engine, and the second transmits torque to the wheels. Twin-shaft gearboxes have smaller dimensions and weight. This type of device has greater efficiency and allows you to develop higher power at the same energy costs.
Principle of operation
The principle of operation of a mechanical gearbox is to connect the first and second shaft using gears. These parts of different diameters allow you to adjust the number of revolutions of the wheels. Simply put, the gearbox changes the number of revolutions, as a result of which it increases or decreases the speed of the drive wheels.
If explained in a more complex language, then during gear shifting with the help of a drive, couplings are located that are located between the gears of the secondary shaft. They then approach the necessary gear in order to then connect their crowns and begin joint rotation. It is impossible to engage several gears at the same time, since there is a special mechanism inside the gearbox that blocks the simultaneous connection of several couplings.
Manual Gear Shift
For effective driving, it is not enough to know the manual transmission decryption, you need to understand how gears are shifted. After all, the life of the machine will depend on how well you study this issue. The gearbox is one of the most frequently malfunctioning parts. Manual transmission is shifted using a lever located on the driver’s right hand in the center of the cabin. It is located either on the roof of the box, or connected to it through a special extension cord. The second type of lever is most preferred since it does not transmit vibration from the engine and is located in a position convenient for the driver.
In order to drive a car efficiently and for a long time, it is necessary to understand the basic principles of gear shifting:
- You can only engage the gear after the clutch pedal is fully depressed. It is very important to push it to the end, otherwise the clutch will wear out very quickly and it will need to be replaced.
- You need to move the lever from one position to another smoothly, without sudden movements. In the process, you will feel a little resistance, because at this moment under the hood of your car there are complex connections of different parts in the gearbox. If switching from gear to gear is difficult, or you hear a rattle in the process, then squeeze the clutch and engage the neutral gear - most likely you either did not press the left pedal enough or there are some problems in your car.
Manual Transmission Features
Correct gear shifting provides a number of undeniable advantages: the power and efficiency of the car increases, fuel consumption decreases, and the parts remain intact. The ability to choose the right gear for a particular situation can make life easier. For example, if you are going uphill, in no case should you include third and, especially, fourth gear. Most likely, the car will stall somewhere in the middle of the road. But at the first or second speed you can easily overcome the rise.
Transmission Oil Level
Many drivers are interested in the oil level in the manual transmission - because it is it that is responsible for the lubrication of parts and their durability. Check this figure every 10 thousand kilometers. You can do this either in the workshop or on your own. Arriving at the overpass or viewing hole, you must inspect the checkpoint housing. To check the fluid level, take a short stick or rod and see if there is enough oil in the filler hole. If the fluid drops below its edge, take a filling syringe and add gear oil for the desired risk.
Advantages and disadvantages of "mechanics"
Manual advantages:
- "Mechanics" is a cheap and durable part that will last for decades in a car.
- Ease of use - it’s very difficult to break something in a mechanical box. The manual transmission features are such that you are unlikely to inflict catastrophic damage on a part.
- Fuel consumption in the manual transmission is about 15% less than in the "automatic".
- Manual control is more efficient: the engine is gaining speed faster, and, therefore, it is possible to overtake a car in front faster.
- The ability to start the car "with a push."
- Light weight and dimensions.
Cons of a mechanical transmission:
- Difficult operation for novice drivers. You still need to get used to using the clutch pedal and multiple speeds, and not everyone can do it.
- In urban mode, automatic transmission is often more economical and convenient: the driver does not need to turn gears on and off a hundred times in traffic jams or at traffic lights.
- Wrong gear selection can adversely affect the life of the vehicle.
Summary
Deciphering the manual transmission abbreviation is far from the most difficult of what the future driver will have to face. But a thorough understanding of the principles of the transmission will help a newcomer to get used to driving faster. In addition, this can protect against a number of negative consequences that are usually caused by the inability to handle the manual transmission: clutch failure and failure of other parts of the car.