Probably there is not a single car in which the starter is not installed. Chevrolet Niva is no exception. Sometimes the starter fails, but since it is designed simply, it will not be difficult to restore it with your own hands. You only need to know the typical problems of this unit and be able to fix them. It is arranged quite simply, and it is easy to understand.
Even if the Chevrolet Niva cars are new, no one is safe from starter failure. Often there may be a manufacturing defect. Therefore, you need to be able to diagnose these nodes. It is also important to know the device node and the principle of its operation. We hope that after this article even beginners will be able to service the starter themselves.
How is the starter arranged?
Chevrolet Niva is equipped with an element with an electric DC motor. It is driven by electromagnets. The latter are additionally equipped with a planetary gear type and a traction relay.
The rated power is 1.55 kW. The current consumption in maximum power modes is not more than 375 A. At the time of braking, the current can reach a level of 700 A. At idle, no more than 80 A.
The starter consists of 28 parts. In the structure of the motor are magnets that operate on direct current. All parts are in the case, and the anchor with the lid is pulled together with studs. The anchor shaft is fixed on the support, as well as in the cover. When the element rotates, torque is transmitted to the drive shaft. Helps the starter in this planetary gearbox.
The latter also includes a “carrier” and gears with internal gearing. They rotate with needle bearings. What else is included in the starter? Chevrolet Niva, in addition to the above, is equipped with a brush mechanism.
Operating principle
When the driver turns the key in the ignition, the contacts close, passing through the starter relay. Chevrolet Niva and its engine are still off. Power is supplied to the holding and traction windings. The magnetic field in them with a certain effort pulls the anchor into the body, thereby compressing the return spring.
After that, the anchor pushes the rod and contact plate. It closes the contacts on the solenoid relay. The electric starter motor starts spinning. Along with this, the anchor fork advances the starter's bendix (Chevrolet Niva 1600 "is also equipped with it.) A gear is installed on the bendix. It engages with the flywheel on the car engine.
When the flywheel rotates faster than the starter and gear of the bendix, an overrunning clutch comes into play. It does not allow the torque to indulge in the bendix and then with the help of the lever moves back. And due to the return spring, the part goes back to its original position when the engine starts.
Starter and breakdowns
What kind of breakdown does the starter have? Chevrolet Niva, as well as any other car, are operated quite intensively. This leads to the failure of the node. To begin repair, you must first identify the cause of the breakdown. This is the only way to restore its operability to this important node. If you carry out repair work yourself, then you can do with minimal cost. For example, if the Niva Chevrolet does not turn on the starter, then often the reason lies not in the breakdown of the unit, but in a discharged battery.
To ensure that the car engine starts up again, it is enough to charge the battery. But the battery may be serviceable. Then experts recommend checking the wires - their terminals and contacts could oxidize.
Problems starting the starter
Some problems in the operation of the starter can be diagnosed by how the car engine starts. For example, if after several attempts the starter’s traction relay does not turn on, the Niva Chevrolet may not start. This is theoretically associated with a break in the turns of the relay. But in practice this happens very rarely. This problem is solved by replacing the wires, cleaning the contacts, replacing or recharging the battery.
Starter spinning too slowly
Make sure that the battery is sufficiently charged. Next, check the condition of the wires and terminals. To such malfunctions can lead too early ignition. It can cause so-called reverse flashes, which work against the side of rotation of the crankshaft. Power will be transmitted to the starter when it is engaged with the flywheel. At the same time, efficiency is significantly reduced.
Often, such symptoms indicate problems in the electrical part of the device. Diagnostics can only be carried out after dismantling and disassembling. But immediately note that the problems will be associated with a burned-out collector or with a short in its plates. Most often, the brushes in the electric motor are simply worn or hung.
Starter fails to crank crankshaft
Such problems also happen. The starter is designed to operate at certain speeds. If the wires are damaged due to corrosion, if they are prone to contamination, this can cause slow rotation or even complete failure of the assembly.
The second reason is the gear, which for some reason cannot be engaged with the crankshaft flywheel. The clutch can also slip. Sometimes the reason for this behavior is in a locked engine.
The starter rotates but the crankshaft does not crank
If the starter spins, but the engine does not work, then experts recommend checking the condition of the teeth on the flywheel and the gear of the bendix. With intensive use of the car, critical wear of these teeth is possible. Check their condition through a special mounting hole. You can replace them by buying a recomplect on a Niva Chevrolet starter. Its price is about 500 rubles.
The idle drive unit also exhibits the same symptoms. If the starter gear engages well with the engine flywheel but does not rotate, the starter should be checked for wear and other mechanical damage. The node may not be installed correctly.
As for the starter repair kits for Chevrolet Niva cars, the equipment and prices may fluctuate greatly. But most often, manufacturers take into account all parts that are subject to wear and must be replaced.
Diagnostics
So, first of all, the device is connected to the battery and to the multimeter. You can connect via the contact bolt on the traction relay. It is recommended to use wires for this, the cross section of which is not less than 1.6 square meters. see. You should also make sure that the brushes are well rubbed to the collector, and that the node temperature is normal.
A chain of starter, battery and multimeter will help diagnose the device. Close the switch by supplying 12 V to the terminal. This procedure is carried out three times, constantly changing the braking conditions. The circuit is switched on for short periods of time.
If the unit does not rotate, and extraneous noise is heard in its operation, it is easy to conclude that the device is malfunctioning.
They also experience a starter in complete braking. This diagnostic method allows you to find out the cause of the breakdown and helps to successfully repair the unit. For this procedure, it is necessary to turn on the starter and at the same time check the readings of the ammeter. Measure voltage with a multimeter, and also measure the braking moment. The current should not be higher than 700 A. The voltage is not more than 5 V, and the braking torque is less than 13.72 Nm.
If the indicators are different, then the starter is faulty. If the current is higher, and the moment is lower, then the cause of the malfunction is associated with a short circuit inside the armature winding. It is worth checking the turns. It is also possible short circuit to the mass of the anchor winding.
DIY dismantling
These diagnostic methods can only be carried out if the device is removed. And to do this, you need to know how to remove the starter. At the Chevrolet Niva, this is done as follows:
- Before dismantling, disconnect the wire from the battery minus. Judging by the advice of the owners, the starter is best dismantled through the bottom of the car. In this case, you need a flyover or a pit. After the battery is disconnected, remove the motor protection.
- The starter itself is mounted on three bolts. To dismantle the device, you just need to unscrew them. I unscrew the bottom bolt from the bottom - this is more convenient. It is better to unscrew the other two bolts from above. The top bolt is considered the most problematic.
- After loosening the nuts, dismantle the thermal protection. From the side of the gearbox, the tin is bent, and the bolt holding this tin is unscrewed from below. Next, the starter can be gently pulled out. And it’s better to pull along with the wires. There are only two of them.
First of all, the unit is cleaned, contacts and fixtures are freed from dirt, and the mechanism is lubricated. If necessary, replace the failed parts. You can install a new starter Chevrolet Niva. The price of new nodes, depending on the manufacturer, from 4 000 r.
Conclusion
Chevrolet Niva is a domestic cross-country vehicle. It is acquired by those who categorically do not like the quality of domestic roads. These are inexpensive and relatively affordable cars. So, for those who have decided to purchase a Chevrolet Niva SUV, equipment and prices start from the base - L, where there are stamped wheels and a central lock, for 545 thousand rubles. The maximum version - LE, with air conditioning and power accessories, costs 629 thousand rubles.