Projects are so firmly entrenched in our lives that it is now difficult to determine the moment when they became ubiquitous. Passport, deadlines, risks - it seems that now these terms are familiar to everyone. Design thinking becomes the basis of development. They are implemented by people of all ages, from the younger group of kindergarten to the leaders of large companies.
Why do we need projects?
It may seem to parents of students, and sometimes teachers themselves, that too much attention and time is being given to this type of activity. Mini-projects in the classroom and extra-curricular activities, outside the school, when the help of parents is needed to complete it, it takes a lot of effort and resources.
However, they come to the forefront of academic life for a reason. Realization of such tasks forms a whole complex of skills and abilities demanded by students in the modern world. A project is always a collision with a problem, the search for ways to solve it, the pursuit of results. Children learn to plan, make choices, control the process, evaluate themselves. And, of course, present the results. Protecting a project is a model, a rehearsal of how to act in order to demonstrate all the advantages of the work done.
Choice of the topic: how to find "your"
When the question arises about the subject of the project, the main problem is the need to choose from a wide variety of options. If we are talking about school, then this is at least all subjects. And teachers, as a rule, have their own prepared list: “sample topics for project protection”. Despite all this diversity, there are several points that should be observed when choosing:
- The issue should be interesting to the student. Without this incentive, work, if completed, will most likely turn out to be fresh and standard.
- Everyone has a penchant for a particular field of knowledge. Sometimes the differences between physicists and lyricists will be decisive when choosing: defending a project in history or astronomy. However, in this case, you can come up with a topic that will be interesting to both of them.
- A project is always a solution to a problem. Therefore, the topic should be formulated accordingly in order to “hook” not only the author, but also the audience during the defense. For example: “The phenomenon of sleep:“ owls ”or“ larks? ”Instead of“ The benefits of sleep. ” Or while defending a technology project: “Do-it-yourself New Year: better than in a shop window” as an alternative to the traditional “Making a Christmas tree toy”.
Research or practical? Types of projects
There are several different classifications, depending on the duration, composition of participants, orientation. Here are just a few of them.
Projects:
- there are mini-formats, medium in duration, long-term (if we are talking about students, the lead time can vary from 45 minutes to the entire school year);
- can be carried out individually, by a small group or the whole project team (sometimes it includes the entire class or team of the school).
By their specifics and the main direction of work, there may be:
- informational
- research
- practical
- creative
- game (role).
Short and to the point: project requirements
Despite the existence of various formats, the basic requirements for the implementation and presentation of the results are generally similar. In preparation for the defense of the project using the technology “Outfit for graduation with your own hands” or the literature “Genius and villainy in the work of A.S. Pushkin’s sequence of actions will coincide.
When executed, participants determine the problem, formulate a theme, set a goal, designate tasks, draw up a plan, choose methods and assign responsibilities, carry out design work, draw up results, present a product. The real outcome may be: an essay, essay, newspaper article, booklet, model, design, installation, reference book, memo, concert, exhibition, etc.
Going to the defense: preparation for the performance
When the work is completed, the task is to present the results to the public. Creating your own model of project protection is the most important stage of the whole event. Presented not only the product, but the whole chain of actions: from the wording of the topic to the debriefing.
Regardless of whether the defense of a research project or a practical one is being prepared, the description should reflect: the topic and the problem associated with it, their relevance, purpose of the work, hypothesis, tasks, basic methods, sequence of actions, the results and conclusions.
It should be borne in mind that when creating a project passport, you should also indicate its type, duration, composition of participants, target audience, resources. It is better to formulate a speech plan for the defense together with the teacher in order to choose the appropriate style and reflect the necessary moments. It is worth rehearsing in advance and psychologically tune. Before entering a “large audience”, it will not be amiss to try your hand at speaking to loyal listeners.
Project Security Sample
Perhaps the ideal option does not exist, and much depends on the topic, type, format of presentation, the participants themselves. However, you can develop your own unique model of project protection based on existing recommendations, trying them in practice. So, the speaker’s task is to tell (within 5-10 minutes) (without going beyond the time limit!), Where the project started, what results it led to, why it is important and interesting. A sample performance plan might look like this:
- Introducing ourselves.
- Familiar with the theme of the project.
- We explain why we chose this topic (objective relevance and personal interest).
- We determine the priority goal (which problem can be solved in the implementation process).
- We break it into several tasks (steps that must be taken to achieve).
- We characterize the methods (methods for solving the tasks).
- We determine the type of project and its duration.
- We briefly talk about the progress and intermediate results.
- We summarize, present the product (if necessary), draw conclusions and make forecasts.
- Thank you for your attention and answer questions.
As a rule, any protection is now accompanied by a multimedia presentation, may include photo and video materials. In this case, special attention should be paid to design, a combination of text and graphic information.