In difficult times, the car will come to the rescue, help out and will never turn its back on its owner. Now we can not imagine our life without a vehicle.
Nowadays, a car is far from a luxury. Anyone can buy it. It is in every family, but few people try to understand the technical structure of the car. And very in vain.
The development of the automotive industry is moving forward. Many different models are produced in our time. In terms of internal structure, all passenger cars are similar. The device of the car for novice drivers seems like a dark forest, but still you have to figure it out a little. This is necessary in order to be able to repair minimally on their own in the event of a breakdown. Or clearly explain in the car service that your car broke down.
General device of the car
Describing the device of a car for beginners, it’s not worthwhile to delve into the little things. But there is a certain database of information that everyone should know. Regardless of driving experience, knowledge of the schematic design of your vehicle will help to significantly reduce the cost of repair and maintenance of an iron horse.
General device of the car:
- engine;
- transmission;
- chassis;
- body;
- electrical equipment.
Engine
The device of the car for beginners should begin to be considered with the main component - the engine. This is a kind of heart of your vehicle.
Everyone has known about the purpose of this part of the car from an early age. The engine using the energy received during the combustion of fuel drives the vehicle. The power from it is transmitted to the wheels through the transmission. On this basis, cars are divided into front, rear and all-wheel drive. For example, if energy is transmitted to the front wheels, this is front-wheel drive.
Depending on the type of fuel used, engines are divided into several types:
- Gasoline is the most common.
- Diesel.
- Gas - this type, working not on liquid fuel, is increasingly found.
To date, the most common is the internal combustion engine - an internal combustion engine. Gradually new types appear that can be replaced by the ICE cavity. However, while he does not give a leading position to anyone.
Chassis and transmission
The chassis is a combination of parts that are combined to make the car move. Roughly speaking, it is a kind of trolley on which the body, engine and other components of the car are mounted. Its two main components are wheels and suspension.
With the first part of the chassis, everything is extremely simple. But the suspension is worth talking in more detail. Indeed, for many experienced drivers, it remains a mystery. From the name of this part of the car it is clear that it is somewhere suspended from below. But for what? And the answer is simple. When driving even on a level road, the vehicle is subject to vibration and jolting. You must admit that in such conditions a trip would hardly give you pleasure. So it is the suspension that reduces the level of vibrations exerted on the car. It protects the driver and passengers from jumping and jumping while driving on bumps. And remembering our roads, I would like to hope that the suspension will serve faithfully for a long time.
A transmission is a generic name for a variety of mechanisms that redirect energy from an engine to wheels. It includes:
- Clutch is necessary for smooth gear shifting with the engine.
- Transmission. Its function is to change the torque and switch the movement to reverse gear.
- Differential - makes the wheels of the car spin at different speeds depending on the situation.
- Half shafts. Their task is to transmit torque to the driving wheels of the vehicle.
Car body
The body is the car frame. All component parts of the vehicle cling to it. In the distant past, the first cars were without a body. It was replaced by a frame to which everything was attached. Now this scheme has remained with some freight cars and motorcycles. And for passenger vehicles, this type of assembly was abandoned in order to make their weight less. So there was a familiar passenger car body.
The body part includes:
- roof;
- stamped lower part;
- engine compartment;
- spar;
- front and rear wings;
- hood;
- doors
- boot lid.
The division into components is rather arbitrary, since all parts are interconnected. If you roughly compare, the body is a kind of metal box in which the components of the car are invested.
By body type are divided:
- sedan;
- hatchback;
- compartment;
- mini car;
- pickup.
It is the body that determines the appearance of the car, as well as internal comfort and its size.
Electrical equipment
Few processes in our lives happen without electricity. Car traffic is not one of them. Internal and external lighting, wipers, control devices, radio, air conditioning - all of them work thanks to electric current. The car consumes a huge amount of electricity, in this regard, it is impractical to charge from the outlet.
Therefore, inside your vehicle there is a generator that allows you to generate electrical energy yourself, as well as reserve for future use with the engine running. The drive is a rechargeable battery.
Truck device
Considering the device of a car for novice drivers, it is worth touching not only passenger, but also cargo models.
In fact, the internal components are identical. The differences, of course, lie in size. And the main difference between a truck and a car is the composition of the body. At the first, it is divided into a cabin and a loading platform. But the passenger has no such separation into parts. All other components in cars are similar.