Sewerage is a necessary element in every residential building. Its planning usually goes on at the stage of designing a building. A private house is a unique structure, which means that everyone decides when the structure will be erected. Inviting masters is not always required; a number of works will be able to be completed independently.
Large houses always have a bathroom and several bathrooms. In this situation, it is necessary to organize more than one septic tank. It is possible to create conditions for sewage to enter the central sewage system. But then you have to pay an impressive amount. The basis is the pipes, so you have to figure out how to fix them. This is what will be considered in the article.
Internal construction
How to connect sewer pipes? This is the main question, because the correct operation of the entire system depends on this. Creating a scheme, the basis is taken of the needs of the living quarters in the sewers. If there are several floors, all pipes are located in one location. The fact is that it is more convenient for subsequent installation. Do not use the same projects for different houses.
It should be understood that it is more convenient to work with pipes of the same material, otherwise difficulties may arise in installation and further operation. How to connect sewer pipes? The first stage is the creation of the circuit. There is no difficulty, you can do it yourself. As a result, the pipes will lie down correctly and the wastewater will leave without congestion.
Next, the calculation of the required material - pipes, is performed, and it is also worth deciding on what they will be made of. The whole system has many elements that must be connected to the riser and to each other. What to consider:
- Where will the pipe go.
- Where will the riser be located?
- What are the plumbing installations.
Distances, fixing elements, all the nuances are described in detail in the diagram. All this is done at the planning stage, otherwise it will be difficult to choose the right direction. Pipes can have different diameters, which is important to consider in advance.
What you should know
- Usually a pipe with a diameter of 10 cm comes out of the bathroom. The same one is selected for the riser.
- In the bathroom, the pipe diameter can be reduced to 5 cm.
- Any turns in the sewer are performed at an angle. A position of 45 degrees is quite suitable; in another situation, blockages cannot be avoided.
Material selection
Before connecting the sewer pipes, you will need to seriously approach the choice of material. Most often pay attention to the side of cast-iron pipes or those made of PVC. There are also polypropylene. The cast iron version is the most reliable and durable. Although the craftsmen prefer PVC, because working with them is simple and the price is low. Non-cast-iron models are always located inside the house, they are more suitable for outdoor work. But it is cast iron that has good operational characteristics and does not require a quick change.
Operating methods
In any construction work there is a conditional separation, it makes it clear what to choose, as well as how the system will work. The sewer system is mixed and separate. For a private building, the first option is preferred. Before connecting sewer pipes, it is always worth making a decision what exactly will be installed.
There is also another classification for the wastewater treatment process. It can be pressure and gravity systems. The first option requires additional financial investments, and therefore is not so popular. The second type is the most common, so many people prefer to use gravity sewer.
Installation
It will be difficult to manage alone, it is better to find a partner, so it will be faster and better. Polypropylene pipes with a diameter of 5 and 10 centimeters are taken. What you need to have on hand:
- Pipes.
- Revisions.
- Adapters in the form of tees and knees.
- Clamps for reliable fixation of the main structure.
- Sleeves.
- Adhesive composition.
- Rubber cuffs.
The use of the sleeve is required. It is used in areas where the pipe will pass through walls or partitions. At the joints, the cuff is fixed, carefully insulated with adhesive. So that the masses along the pipes move quickly and there are no blockages, they make a slight bias.
What does this indicator depend on? As practice shows, a slope of 2% is quite enough, but this number varies depending on the selected diameter of the main structure. It is these conditions that make it possible to create a reliable sewer system. Do not reduce the percentage or add. It is possible to securely fix the pipes only with sealants and adhesive mass.
How to connect sewer cast-iron pipes? This question is the most difficult, because it’s easier to work with plastic elements, for this you do not need additional equipment. Before properly connecting the sewer pipes to each other, working with polypropylene, you need to have a special soldering device on hand. And you will have to make holes in the walls with a puncher.
The starting point is the exhaust zone, where the inner and outer pipes are combined. Starting this way, violations can be avoided. An exit hole is made in the foundation. If in the region there is a decrease in temperature to -15 degrees, it is worthwhile to make insulation, otherwise the whole system will not work in cold weather. Having made the entrance, they take a sleeve, which should be 30 centimeters larger than the hole. A slope of 2% is performed, after the element goes to the pit itself. It is important that the diameter exit is identical to the riser.
A suitable option for a riser is a bathroom, because the sewage outlet will be small. But the choice of the distance to the riser depends on the diameter of the outlet pipe. The larger it is, the closer the location.
Further, the procedure for laying the entire system will depend on the desire of the owner - out, in the boxes, in the wall. Connection to the riser of all other branches occurs using a tee. Odor traps help fight odors. Revision allows you to clean the blockage, so it should appear at any turn, because these are the most problematic areas.
How to connect a cast iron sewer pipe with a plastic one? This is the most difficult in the whole design. Often this needs to be done if, for example, polypropylene was laid in the house, and a cast-iron pipe already went to the street before the septic tank. This is difficult because there is a conflict of different materials. One thing is worth knowing for sure - the diameter of the cast-iron pipe in such a situation should not be less than plastic. In construction stores there are tees from different materials. On the one hand, it will be necessary to fix the structure using a welding machine, and on the other hand, with a soldering iron.
How to connect the toilet with a sewer pipe? If you purchase an adapter, there will be no serious installation problems. During the operation of the system, problematic situations usually do not arise (meaning impulse, congestion). The only thing that it needs to be carefully sealed. After the entire structure is assembled, it is imperative that the structure is checked for leaks, letting simple clean water through the system. How to connect PVC sewer pipes? Since it is a simple material and plastic, it is enough to have only a soldering iron.
External work
After you connect the sink and shower to the sewer pipe, you will have to output everything to the septic tank. You will have to work in the ground under the selected slope. Before choosing it is worth knowing that the entire load will be loaded with soil, so rigidity is an important indicator. Most often, connecting sewer pipes 110 are chosen (how to connect them, we will consider further). Any mass quickly leaves them without creating a jam. But which septic tank is a priority? Here, several indicators are taken into account:
- How many residents are in the house.
- Their needs.
- Permanent or temporary residence.
- Water requirement per person.
- Where is the groundwater located?
- What a soil.
- Climatic indicators.
You can make a decision yourself or find out the opinion of the master. It is necessary to properly remove the septic tank from the house, the garden. After work, they go in several stages:
- A trench is excavated under the pipes, a slope is made and a certain direction to the septic tank.
- In the resulting pit make a sand pillow.
- Lay the pipeline.
- All butt points are filled with sealant.
- The pit is being buried.
Pipe connection selection
In the process, you can select any connection method. Preferring PVC or polypropylene, it’s easy to work, but noise comes from them. How to connect sewer pipes to each other? You can do this "into the bell." The operation is performed in several steps:
- The bell and smooth end of the pipe are cleaned.
- Seals are mandatory.
- Grease or a simple soap is applied to the end of the smooth side, after which there is a connection without a gap.
What next?
In addition, glue is used for fixing. The use of a weld involves the use of a special apparatus. It makes a monolithic base, which has a long service life, without leaks.
Using Fittings
Another option is to use fittings. They are relevant if the entire sewage system is small and there are no frequent turns. How to connect a siphon to a sewer pipe? The operation is carried out in the same way. Work in this direction cannot occur without silicone seals. If the pipe goes to bend, then it is additionally fixed, otherwise it will sag, violating the angle of inclination.
When it is required to change the sewage system, it is often cast iron that is chosen, because it is difficult to use modern material for the transition. What kind of work do you do? It’s good when they have sockets. In this case, the assembly is carried out like folding a doll. As soon as the smooth part is inserted into the socket, a gap will appear between the elements. To remove it, use a sealant. Flax tow is suitable for this.
So that the joints do not flow, use a cement mortar, they fill in the structure. It is not necessary to use just such a sealing system - there are other compounds. This includes bitumen, mastic, sealants. Installation work is not difficult.
Important points
Performing all the work yourself, it is worth considering some important points. What to look for:
- It is necessary to choose the pipes correctly (determine what material they will be from). It is important to remember that low-quality pipes will quickly fail and leaks will occur.
- Create a scheme, carefully considering everything.
- Do not discharge too much waste into the sewer system.
- Think over the layout of the pipes.
It is better if the entire system is planned at the beginning of construction.
Conclusion
The article examined how to connect pipes. As you can see, there are several options. Everyone chooses the best for themselves.