In this article, the VAZ-2106 generator will be considered. The connection diagram is located below, but at the very beginning we will talk about the general design of this device. With its help, mechanical energy is converted into electricity. The main function of a car generator is to recharge the battery. Also, with its help, power is supplied to all equipment that is in the car, including the engine. On all machines, generators generate alternating current. Only after some transformations does it stabilize and become permanent.
General information
The generator is located directly near the engine, usually in front of it. The drive is carried out from a pulley located on the crankshaft. On some cars, for example hybrid, the generator can act as a starter. The designs of both mechanisms are very similar, so some manufacturers are trying to reduce the number of electric machines. Please note that the connection diagram of the VAZ-2106 generator is the same as that of the similar mechanism of any other machine.
All generators have certain differences, for example, in the case, rectifier unit, drive pulleys, but the common elements are almost identical in all. Invariable are the housing with bearings located in it, a movable rotor that rotates inside a stationary stator. From the last just the same AC voltage is removed. No generator can do without a rectifier unit and voltage regulator.
Generator rotor
Most generators are equipped with a brush mechanism. In many designs, it is combined with a voltage regulator. The rotor creates a magnetic field that rotates thanks to the drive belt. The field winding, which is located on the rotor itself, is fed through a voltage regulator. On the back of the rotor there are rings, with the help of which the winding is powered. Without them, the VAZ-2106 generator connection diagram turns out to be inoperative.
In most designs, these rings are made of pure copper. But sometimes it can be found in steel or brass. Also on the rotor there is an impeller, with the help of which air is blown through the housing of the device. A drive pulley is mounted next to the impeller. The front and rear covers of the generator have maintenance-free ball bearings.
A bit about the stator
An electric current is generated in the stator. It has three windings of copper wire. This wire is wound on a core made of special steel. As a rule, the generator has a total of 36 slots into which the winding fits. It can fit into grooves in two ways - wave or loop. The windings are connected according to the "star" scheme. This is the most common circuit used in car generators. It is worth noting that the connection diagram of the VAZ-2108 generator on the VAZ-2106 is practically no different. The only difference is that in the first model, the voltage regulator is combined with a brush assembly.
All elements of the mechanism are placed in the housing. Actually, the body is just two aluminum covers that are pulled together with bolts. The choice of aluminum elements is quite reasonable, since it is not magnetized, it has a very low weight, and most importantly - a high degree of heat transfer. Using a brush assembly, current is transmitted to the rotor winding. Its design consists of a pair of brushes made of graphite, springs, which allow them to be pressed harder to the rings on the rotor, as well as the brush holder. As noted earlier, in most modern cars, the brush holder and voltage regulator are assembled in one unit.
Rectifier unit
The rectifier unit is necessary in order to convert the alternating sinusoidal voltage generated by the generator into a constant, necessary to power the entire on-board network. In fact, this is a horseshoe-shaped plate in which semiconductor diodes are located . There are six of them, therefore, in the circuit of each phase there are two semiconductors. The horseshoe-shaped plate on which the diodes are mounted also serves as a heat sink. With its help, heat is transferred to the body of the generator itself. In some generators, the field winding is connected through another circuit consisting of two semiconductors. It should also be mentioned that the connection scheme of the VAZ-2107 generator on the VAZ-2106 is similar, there are no differences.
Additional rectifier
Using this rectifier creates an obstacle to the passage of current from the battery at a time when the engine is not running. In the event that the windings are connected according to the "star" scheme, it is necessary to mount two semiconductors on the common terminal, this will increase the total power of the entire installation by a maximum of 15 percent. The rectifier unit is connected to the generator system using mounting sites. The connection is made by bolts, welding, less often by soldering. You can even say that the wiring diagram of the starter and generator VAZ-2106 is very similar, only the functions of the nodes are different.
Voltage regulator
With the help of a voltage regulator, a certain value is supported on the field winding. Today, most generators begin with an integrated relay-regulator. It is worth noting that in total there can be two designs of relay controllers: a hybrid one, which uses electronic components, such as zener diodes, resistors, capacitors, as well as an integral design, in which all the elements that make up the relay controller are made on one semiconductor wafer . This is the main element that the VAZ-2106 generator consists of. The semiconductor connection diagram is given in the article.
At the output of the generator, a voltage stable in value is generated, regardless of what frequency the crankshaft rotates , and also what load affects the engine. Stabilization is carried out completely automatically, no intervention by the driver is required. Using the regulator, a change in voltage occurs, which is supplied to the battery to charge it. Therefore, it is important to know how to connect the VAZ-2106 generator. The connection diagram of its elements is useful to all owners of this car.
Drive belt
Of particular note is the drive belt. Please note that the generator rotor rotates faster than the crankshaft. Moreover, the difference may be 2-3 times. Depending on which car, a V-belt or a V-ribbed belt can be used. The first has such a disadvantage as quick wear. The second one is more universal, wear is much less, works very well if the pulley diameter on the generator rotor is small. Therefore, using the V-ribbed belt, it is possible to rotate the generator rotor more quickly. Almost all modern cars are equipped with generator sets with a V-ribbed belt. But the VAZ-2106 generator, the connection diagram of which you now know, is driven by a V-belt.