Wrong bite is the most common pathology of the human jaw system. Absolutely everyone can detect this defect. But to determine what type it belongs to and what needs to be done with it, only an orthodontist dentist can.
Types of malocclusion
An open bite is the lack of contact of the front teeth of both jaws when they close, with the formation of a vertical gap between them. In this case, there is a violation of speech and the process of chewing food. The mucous membrane of the mouth also begins to suffer, in which excessive dryness and inflammation appear.
A distal bite is an abnormal closure of the lower dentition when the upper jaw is located slightly behind relative to the lower. This makes it very difficult to bite off solid foods (such as apples). There are cases that a distal bite can lead to a strong protrusion of the lips.
A deep bite is when the upper front dentition overlaps the lower by more than 1/3. With this pathology, there is always a violation of the function of the temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles.
An overlapped bite is characterized by overlapping of some of the upper teeth with the lower. This pathology can lead to excessively fast abrasion of the surface of the teeth, which causes pain in the temporomandibular muscles and joint.
Mesial bite occurs in people who have a large lower jaw, which in most cases protrudes forward, and a small upper. In this case, there is a violation of the normal interaction of the jaws, which leads to a change in the appearance of the face.
Incorrect bite and the reasons for its formation
Heredity. She takes first place for the reasons for the formation of this ailment. 68% of children will have malocclusion if their parents or other next of kin had a similar problem.
Due to childhood habits. An incorrect bite in children can form due to the fact that the child spends too much time with a pacifier in his mouth, has the habit of sucking a finger or a piece of toy. Even biting the lower or upper lip leads to a violation of the correct position of the jaw.
Improper posture can also affect malocclusion. This relationship is easy to explain. Incorrect position of the head causes the body to move slightly forward, which, in turn, significantly affects the deformation of the jaw apparatus.
Breath. With very frequent diseases of tonsillitis in the child, tonsils can grow. This leads to constant runny nose, which, as a rule, violate nasal breathing. Then the child has to constantly breathe through the mouth. If this continues for at least a year, the risk of malocclusion increases.
Lack of teeth or their excess. For example, there are times when, for some reason, extra teeth grow out, which can be seen in an x-ray. Or, conversely, there is a congenital absence of the rudiments of the teeth, respectively, and of themselves.
How to fix the wrong bite .
Previously, it was believed that the ability to correct the wrong bite is available only in childhood. But now there are many methods for correcting malocclusion, which are suitable not only for children but also for adults. The bracket systems were recognized as the most effective.
Braces are devices that attach to teeth from the outside or from the inside. They put this system for a certain time (from 12 to 24 months), during which complete bite correction takes place. In this case, the patient should visit his attending physician every 1-2 months - depending on the neglect of the curvature of the teeth and the delivered system.
Children whose dentition has not yet been fully formed (6-12 years old) are given an orthodontic appliance, which is a plastic plate that aligns the dentition.
Although, as mentioned above, getting rid of a malocclusion can be done at any age, nevertheless, its correction in childhood is much simpler and less painful. Therefore, do not postpone a visit to the orthodontist who can help you and your children in time.