Family capital (MK) - material support intended for families with two or more children. Funding for “remuneration” is made at the expense of federal funds. Such a program has been operating since 2007.
Family capital will go only to the holder of a special personal certificate, the term of which is not limited. Thus, the use of a certificate of maternity capital does not imply any time frame.
The objectives of the implementation of the project "Maternity capital":
- stimulation of population growth;
- significant facilitation of the education of the young generation;
- improving the material well-being of families with the possibility of paying for housing purchased.
When does the right to receive a security arise?
Before you receive a certificate of maternity capital, or rather, qualify for its receipt, you should make sure that you have the right to do so. The right to receive this financial support comes into force after the family has got at least a second child.
Maternity capital: how to get a certificate?
As you already understood, in order to receive federal financial support, first of all, you need a certificate. The procedure for issuing it is more than transparent. After the birth of the baby, the parents must register the baby within 30 days with the registry office in order to receive a birth certificate, draw up a package of documents in the passport office at the place of actual residence or registration.
The issuance of a certificate for maternity capital is carried out on the basis of the filing of the above documents and a special application, as well as a passport to the territorial department of the Pension Fund of Russia (PFR), which can be contacted at any time after the birth of a child.
Documents for the certificate (maternity capital) are subject to careful verification by the employees of the Pension Fund (maximum 30 days after their submission by the applicant). And only after this check a certified document is issued.
Ways to issue a security
- in the department of the Pension Fund;
- using postal services (in this case, the application and all necessary documents must have notarization).
The necessary package of documents
A certificate for maternity capital is issued by applying to the Pension Fund if the following documents are available:
1. Application for a certificate of maternity capital. The application form is established by the state. The form can be obtained from the Pension Fund directly upon issuance of the certificate and fill it in place or download the application via the Internet and compose it yourself at home.
2. A document identifying the applicant (usually the passport of a newly made mother) and proving the presence of a residence permit in Russia.
3. A document proving the existence of compulsory pension insurance.
4. Documents confirming Russian citizenship.
5. The birth certificate of the baby or the decision of the judicial authorities on the adoption of children.
Before you receive a certificate for maternity capital, you must decide what non-cash funds will be spent on, because this information will need to be indicated in the application submitted to the FIU. Moreover, if this is done rashly and the numbers are incorrect, the application for the disposal of maternity capital funds will not be approved.
Who can count on getting MK?
A Russian citizen and a foreigner residing in Russia has the right to maternity capital. We have already considered how to obtain a certificate, now let's decide who and in what specific cases can act as subjects of the Maternity Capital program.
- a female person who is a citizen of the Russian Federation who gave birth or became the adoptive mother of a second, third, fourth, fifth, etc. child after 01.01.2007;
- a male person with Russian citizenship, who acts as the sole adoptive parent of the second and subsequent children, if the relevant court decision entered into legal force on 01.01.2007;
- the father of the child (native or adoptive) both with Russian citizenship and without it, in case of termination of the right to state financial support of the woman who gave birth to (adopt) a child as a result of, say, death, deprivation of rights to the child, after the birth of which such a right it arose, the commission of criminal acts, the object of which was a child;
- a child under the age of majority or a full-time student whose age does not exceed 23 years, in the event of cancellation of the right to additional federal financial assistance of the father (adoptive parent) or mother (female adoptive parent), who were the only parents.
Terms of issue
Obtaining a certificate for maternity capital is only possible if a number of requirements are met:
- the number of children in the family - two or more;
- there are no facts of using the rights to additional benefits and actions with the aim of improving living conditions, obtaining educational services, raising the retirement age;
- the mother and the child born with Russian citizenship are required;
- parents of the baby have no criminal record for crimes against children;
- the presence of parental rights in their children is mandatory;
- the age of the child at the time of contacting the territorial branch of the FIU is not less than a week after birth.
At present, a certificate for maternity capital is issued on the territory of the Russian Federation, a sample of which is presented below.
Reasons for which the issuance of a certified document will be refused
- Inconsistency of the information data specified in the application with reality.
- There is a fact of restriction in parental rights by the applicant for the first child.
- An attempt to obtain maternity capital for the second time.
- Termination of the rights of the applicant for family capital (or their complete absence) as an additional measure of material support from the state.
If the FIU authorities decided not to satisfy the application for the issuance of MK, do not give up - you need to fight. History knows cases where the right to have a state certificate for maternity capital was proved through the prosecutor's office. Each case is individual, each application is considered privately, so when you were refused for the first time, find out the reason and submit the application and all related documents again, and if you were again refused, contact the highest authorities and justice.
Amount of payments: dynamics over time
From year to year, the amount of family capital is subject to change.
Its indexing is carried out depending on the economic situation in the country and the inflation rate.
Consider the level of indexation and the amount of family capital by year, starting from the year the program was introduced.
| Dynamics of MK size by years |
| Period | Index level | MK size |
| 2007 year | - | 250.0 thousand rubles |
| 2008 year | 10.5% | 276,250 thousand rubles |
| year 2009 | 13.0% | 312,162 thousand rubles |
| 2010 year | 10.0% | 343,378 thousand rubles |
| 2011 | 6.5% | 365,698 thousand rubles |
| year 2012 | 6.0% | 387.640 thousand rubles |
| year 2013 | 5.5% | 408,960 thousand rubles |
| year 2014 | 5.0% | 429,408 thousand rubles |
| 2015 year | 5.0% | 450.878 thousand rubles |
How to use
Maternal capital as state support is protected by law, in accordance with which the mechanism for using financial assistance is implemented. The goal that drives this mechanism is to eliminate the possibility of monetary fraud, fraud and exploitation of children from selfish motives, as well as to increase the efficiency of using MK funds. Based on the legislative act, if a certificate of maternity (family) capital is received, it should be used after a period of three years. However, in 2009, given the crisis in the country's economic sphere, the state made it possible to use MK to repay mortgage loan obligations immediately after the certificate was issued.
The law provides for several areas where you can spend non-cash certificate funds.
1. Improving living conditions. It is understood that family capital can be spent on the purchase of housing or its construction.
This includes the introduction of funds in order to repay loan obligations under the mortgage program or a cash loan for the purchase of housing, and participation in housing construction cooperatives. In this case, the following conditions must be observed:
- acquired housing, or housing that is under construction, must be located within the Russian state;
- A mortgage loan should not be issued for one of the spouses, but for both.
Non-cash state aid is allowed to be made as an initial payment for a mortgage loan, to pay off loan obligations or to be used as additional cash when purchasing a home. Where exactly the money will go is up to you. If you have already bought a home, and it is an object of mortgage lending, the possibility of making MK as a contribution is subject to consideration by a banking institution purely on an individual basis. Some problems may occur.
2. Payment for educational services for one or more children. Maternal capital can guarantee education.
At the same time, it is possible for one and all children in the family to become a certified specialist.
Requirements to be observed:
- An educational institution should be located within the country;
- An educational institution must have an appropriate level of accreditation;
- The age category of the applicant should not belong to the group of “25+”.
The certificate for educational purposes can be used at any time when such a need arises.
As for the educational institution, the choice is quite wide:
- university;
- technical College;
- gymnasium;
- school institution;
- college;
- preschool institution.
Documents for a certificate (maternity capital), if the target area for the use of financial assistance is to obtain educational services, the following are required:
- a written statement on the disposal of financial assistance;
- certificate for MK;
- a document proving the existence of compulsory pension insurance for a person holding a certificate;
- a certified photocopy of the contract for the provision of educational services by a particular educational institution on a paid basis;
- a contract for the rental of living space in the hostel with the identification of monthly payments and the total cost of living for the entire period of study and the timing of payment;
- a document certifying the real residence of the student in the hostel of the educational institution (reference);
- an agreement on the maintenance of the baby in a preschool institution (when paying for the maintenance of crumbs in kindergarten).
3. The increase in the funded part of pension payments for mothers. MK funds can be used as a funded component of the pension for women. In this case, the funds shall be placed in a pension fund.
For example, if you want to spend MK on training and paying mortgages in the same ratio, then the total amount of state aid is divided into two and transferred by the Pension Fund in accordance with the details specified in the application. When the state aid funds have already been spent in full, the FIU is obliged to notify the certificate holder of the termination of the right to state support.
In the case when the creation of the funded part of maternal labor pension payments is the way to use family capital, the package of securities should contain:
- statement-order, which will contain information on the main directions of spending MK funds;
- a document confirming the right to state financial assistance - a certificate;
- documents identifying the person and confirming the place of residence of the owner of the certified document.
In order to use the funds and determine them in the selected areas, you should again contact the FIU and submit an application for the disposal of MK.
How to cash a maternity certificate or sell it?
It is impossible to cash and sell maternity capital. This is prohibited at the legislative level, as a matter of fact, as well as the issuance of cash in cash by MK. Despite this, it is increasingly common to find an announcement on the acquisition of family capital. What does this mean? This means that a fictitious transaction with the purchase of real estate is proposed, in which one of the parties to the agreement is a relative or acquaintance of the family.
Such acts are classified as fraud and provide for the liability of parties to the contract of sale.
Recently, there have been widespread cases when family capital is used to repay mortgage loans through intermediaries. You should beware if they offer a suspiciously low interest rate and minimum terms for the return of MK.
In 2009, the option of cashing out capital money nevertheless appeared. But before cashing the certificate (maternity capital), it was necessary to wait for the entry into force of the amendment, which was introduced into the law because of the crisis situation in the country. In accordance with the innovation, all certificate holders could count on a one-time payment of federal assistance in the amount of 12,000 rubles in cash. But this is an exceptional case.
The principle of cashless payments combines two types of state assistance, which is intended for mothers - one of the types of such assistance is maternal capital. A generic certificate is considered the second type of federal support; it is also not subject to cashing and resale.
Time Limit for a Large Family Support Program
The Family Capital program has been operating in Russia since 2007. Throughout its existence, amendments, corrections and additions were systematically introduced into the project. Initially, the program was supposed to function until 12/31. 2016, the Government of the Russian Federation has repeatedly announced its intention to extend it until 2025 due to the effectiveness of its functioning. But at the moment, the program expires on December 31, 2016, that is, obtaining a certificate for maternity capital is possible for those families whose replenishment took place before 01/01/2017.
What changes have befell the program in 2015?
In 2015, some amendments and additions were made to the family capital use program, according to which:
- a certain part of targeted assistance to families with 3 or more children is available for cash;
- during periods of economic instability, mothers entitled to MKs can receive cash in the amount of 20,000 rubles;
- participation of the applicant for MK in microfinance organizations is prohibited;
- toughened the conditions under which a member of a credit cooperative can count on receiving targeted financial assistance.
FAQ
- How to get a certificate for maternity capital if the family has one child?
Only families in which two or more children have the right to receive a security. Therefore, if the family has one child, state financial assistance is not relied on.
- How to get a certificate of maternity capital for a foreigner?
In order for the right to receive MK to be realized by a foreigner, it is necessary to submit a passport of a foreign citizen and a residence permit, a birth certificate of a child or another document proving that the child belongs to Russian citizenship to the Pension Fund.
- Are there any ways to get a certificate (maternity capital) if the conditions under which the right to receive MK are not met are met?
No. If the basic requirements for issuing a certificate for MK are not complied with, then there is no question of obtaining it. PFR authorities will refuse to satisfy the application.
- Applicant for maternity capital living in rural areas where to get a certificate?
Registration and issuance of certificates MK is engaged in the Pension Fund. You should contact your local PFR branch.
- What to do if the certificate is lost?
. .
, . – « », 2007–2016 . – , , . , .
, , « ». .
, , , 3 ( ).
- Is it possible to spend maternity capital on the implementation of several goals at the same time?
Yes you can.The rules for the use of family capital imply spending it on one of the target areas (housing, study or pension) in full or in part on each of them. Where exactly the funds will be spent and in what proportion will depend solely on the holder of the certificate.
- If maternity funds are used to purchase housing, when will the seller receive the money?
Money as payment is transferred to the seller by the Pension Fund within two months after the submission of the corresponding application, which indicates the directions of capital expenditures.