In life, there are situations when a pregnancy does not cause joy, but chagrin. The reasons for this may be a large number, and a woman often decides to have an abortion. Such an intervention in the body is a risk, no matter how professional it may be.
And in the event that a woman has a negative Rhesus, then termination of pregnancy may subsequently result in infertility or such a tragedy as the birth of a dead child. In addition, after an abortion during subsequent pregnancy, she increases the likelihood of a Rhesus conflict. So why is abortion dangerous with a negative Rh factor? Let's try to figure it out.
Why does the Rhesus conflict develop?
A blood cell membrane (red blood cells) contains a Rhesus antigen. In such people, blood has a positive Rhesus factor, and the majority of them in the whole world are 70-85%. Otherwise, the Rh antigen is absent in the blood, therefore, it is considered negative.
Starting from 7-8 weeks, the formation of hematopoiesis in the fetus. If a woman has a negative Rhesus and the embryo is positive, then the pregnant body can perceive it as a foreign body and begin to produce specific anti-Rhesus antibodies. If the pregnancy is the first, then their number is quite small and the likelihood that the fetal blood gets into the bloodstream of the mother is minimal. In this case, a woman safely carries and gives birth to a healthy child.
But when abortion occurs, there is a pronounced sensitization of the body. The next pregnancy and repeated contact with foreign antigens almost always leads to an active release of specific anti-Rhesus antibodies. This happens due to the fact that information on the primary contact of the blood of the fetus and mother is stored in the cells of the immune memory.
Signs of Rhesus conflict
A pregnant woman may not notice the development of a Rhesus conflict. It is diagnosed by the presence of specific antibodies in the blood. The higher their concentration, the more severe the pathological process will be. The fetus itself also suffers very much. Disorders in the unborn child are easily detected by ultrasound. It could be:
- swelling;
- enlarged heart size;
- acute fetal hypoxia ;
- fluid in the brain, abdominal cavity;
- thickening of the placenta;
- a large mass of the fetus.
If no measures are taken to prevent the development of the Rhesus conflict, severe violations of the fetus lead to his death.
Negative Rhesus Abortion
If a woman has a Rhesus negative, can I have an abortion or not? Of course, this is undesirable, but if nevertheless a decision was made to terminate the pregnancy, then you need to know that it must be done before the term of 7-9 weeks. After this, the formation of the hematopoietic system occurs, and the risk of sensitization of the mother's body increases.
It happens that an abortion with a Rhesus negative is also carried out for medical reasons. The main thing at the same time is to prevent sensitization from developing. Medical abortions are usually performed early in pregnancy. Immediately after this, the patient is injected with an anti-Rhesus immunoglobulin, but the likelihood that a Rh conflict occurs during subsequent pregnancy still remains.
Any abortion is associated with a risk of infertility, and if it was performed for a woman with a negative Rhesus, then miscarriages can constantly occur in the future, it is likely that a child is born with hemolytic disease, as well as with various deviations. A very late abortion, which is performed surgically, is very dangerous. Curettage from the uterine cavity of the ovum damages the endometrium and contributes to inflammation. In the future, this may become an obstacle to the attachment of the embryo and the normal course of pregnancy.
Types of Abortion
If a woman has a negative Rh factor, then the following types of abortions can be done:
- Medication - it is carried out using special tablets, because of which the embryo begins to spontaneously be rejected. Bleeding in this case lasts quite a long time, but this option is considered the safest for a woman's health.
- Mini-abortion is a non-surgical method of abortion carried out by a special device, and its principle of operation resembles a vacuum cleaner.
- Surgical - is considered the most dangerous method, since the uterine cavity is scraped blindly. This can lead to a large number of complications.
Possible consequences
If an abortion is performed with Rh negative, then the pregnant woman is immunized with fetal red blood cells. This leads to an increase in the number of anti-Rhesus antibodies that penetrate the bloodstream of an unborn child, which leads to severe disorders and inhibition of the process of hematopoiesis of the embryo.
The consequences of an abortion with a negative rhesus can be as follows:
- severe anemia;
- fetal death of the fetus ;
- disruption of the internal organs;
- hemolytic disease;
- fetal hypoxia;
- miscarriage, stillbirth;
- encephalopathy.
Thus, abortion with Rhesus negative is very dangerous. In addition, trauma to the cervix often occurs during abortion, the upper layer of the endometrium becomes thinner, perforation may occur. The echoes of such an intervention are hormonal disorders, inflammatory processes, as well as the inability to become a mother.
Also, after an abortion with negative Rhesus, a complication such as cervical insufficiency arises, which affects its obturator function. This can lead to a late miscarriage, because the cervix begins to open prematurely, unable to withstand the growing weight of the baby.
Infertility risk
An abortion with a negative Rhesus factor increases the risk of infertility by several times and it doesn’t matter whether it was performed: surgical or medical. The danger in this case is that antigens begin to be produced, as a result of which, during subsequent pregnancy, they are ready to "rush into battle."
Becoming more mobile and smaller, they inflict more powerful blows on the red blood cells of the fetus. This leads to the development of pathologies in the fetus or miscarriage. In addition, an abortion increases the likelihood of infertility.
What do the doctor's say?
An abortion with Rh negative is always a risky procedure, regardless of how it was performed. Even artificial births are considered dangerous if the developing fetus has a positive rhesus. Without consequences for a woman, this usually does not go away. Doctors believe that a negative rhesus should be considered a contraindication for any type of abortion and should only be done for medical reasons.
Output
Thus, there is no safe abortion, but abortion is especially dangerous if a woman has a negative Rh factor. In this case, a serious blow is inflicted on health, and even if everything went well, after a while the consequences of this will make themselves felt.