Every day the number of questions about computers is growing. And many of them are primarily associated with a worldwide network. Among the questions many users ask, the DHCP service is often mentioned. How to install and configure it? After reading what is written below, you will understand why this server is needed, how to work with it.
Basic DHCP Information
Absolutely every user whose computer is running Windows server-type, is able to install a service such as a DHCP server. However, sometimes a similar process is accompanied by some problems. In this regard, in the above-described operating system there is such a concept that makes authorization using Active Directory possible. This happens immediately before servicing the requests received from the client. In the event that the server that is part of the domain is not authorized in Active Directory, the service cannot be started.
What you need to know in order to install the required server?
A service called DHCP Servers can only be installed on a computer that is managed by a server- type Windows operating system . In order to install such a server, you will need the following:
1. Go to the "Add or Remove Programs", which is located in the "Control Panel".
2. You will need to select the “Add and Remove Components” tab, which is located in the panel on the left.
3. After that, the “Component Wizard” should start. You will need to click on the "Next" button.
4. You should select a section such as "Network Services", and click on the button called "Composition".
5. You will need to select the entry “Dynamic Host Configuration” and click on the “OK” button.
6. After that, you need to click on the “Finish” button, and then on the “Close” item.
Now we can say that the DHCP server for Windows XP and other systems of this family is fully installed.
How to go through the service authorization procedure?
In order to authorize a DHCP server, you will need to perform some important actions:
1. Complete the registration process, while accepting the rights of a member of the Enterprise Administrators group.
2. Open the server snap-in through the "Administration" tab, which is located in the "Start" menu in all programs.
3. Select the snap-in element that is the root. You need to right-click on it and find a command called “Browse authorized servers”.
4. After that, all services will be shown. To add a new DHCP server, you need to click on the "Add" button.
5. Enter the data (IP address of the new server or its name). After that, press the “OK” button.
6. Then you will need to close everything by clicking on the appropriate button.
After the parameters that the DHCP server possesses are updated, the red arrow changes its color to green. Please note that the update procedure can continue for several minutes.
What needs to be done to configure the server?
The installed server should be configured using a special utility called DHCP Manager. It will need to be installed after the installation of the corresponding service. So how is the DHCP server configured?
1. You must open the previously installed program. DHCP Manager is located in the Administration tab.
2. Having found the inscription “Local computer”, you will need to double-click on it with the right mouse button.
3. You must select the "Create" command, which is located in the menu called "Region".
4. A dialog box opens. It will require you to type the following information: the initial address, the final address. Accordingly, the user, when entering this data, outlines the boundaries of customer use. You will also need to enter a subnet mask and those initial and final addresses that you want to exclude from the range. You will also need to dial data regarding a single address that is excluded from the general range, time of use, name.
5. After entering any comments, you need to click on the “OK” button.
6. When prompted to make the range active, you need to click the "Yes" button.
Now you know how to configure a DHCP server. We hope you find this information useful.
How to enable the necessary service properly?
So, the main parameters possessed by the DHCP server were examined as thoroughly as possible. How to enable it? Before doing this, you will need to understand that DHCP refers to a special protocol that is necessary to automatically issue IP addresses to personal computers. Accordingly, the connection to the worldwide network will also depend on this server.
You will need to start the computer as administrator. Then you need to go to the "Start" menu. In the line called "Run" you should enter a command such as napclcfg.msc, and then click on the "OK" button. After the corresponding window opens, you will need to make a choice in favor of such an item as “Forced Protection Clients”. In the list that opens, select the server you need (the forced DHCP client ). By right-clicking on it, you need to select the "Enable" command.
What to do if it becomes necessary to combine several computers into one network?
Sometimes several PCs have to be combined into one network. And in order not to manually assign IP addresses, a DHCP service is involved. This is done as follows:
1. It is necessary to put on a personal computer the receipt of the IP address in automatic mode.
2. After it loads, a request for an address will be sent.
3. A similar request will be received by absolutely all computers that are on the same network. However, the answer to it will be generated only by the DHCP server. It is he who will provide the computer with the address that is free. It will also transmit data about the mask, gateway address, etc.
4. The computer after receiving all the necessary parameters will be able to apply them. Naturally, after a reboot, the request will be sent again. Accordingly, a new IP address will be obtained.
What needs to be done to configure the service through a router?
Consider in more detail how to enable the router’s DHCP server. To do this, you need to go to the device itself and start configuring the IP address.
1. The Router> en command allows you to get a privileged status.
2. The Router # conf t command will help to exit to the global configuration.
3. By entering Router (config) #inf fa0 / 1, it becomes possible to enter interface configuration mode.
4. By entering Router (config-if) #ip address, you can set the IP address. A subnet mask will also be set.
5. The inscription Router (config-if) #no shut allows turning off the interface.
6. By typing a command such as Router (config-if) #exit, you can return to the global configuration menu.
How to configure the server itself?
After all of the above items are completed, you can proceed to configure the server. It will be he who will distribute all the necessary parameters to computers.
1. Using the Router (config) #ip dhcp pool test command, you will be able to create pool addresses that will be named Test.
2. Using the Router (dhcp-config) #network command, a subnet will be specified. It is on it that the IP address is distributed.
3. Using the Router command (dhcp-config) # default-router, a parameter such as default-gateway will be transferred to a specific computer.
4. The Router (dhcp-config) # dns-server command allows you to pass a parameter specific to a DNS network.
5. Using the Router (dhcp-config) #exit command, you can return to the global configuration menu.
But what if you do not need to distribute absolutely all the addresses?
Quite often, when setting up, for example, a DHCP server on Windows 7, there is a desire to distribute not all the addresses that are on the subnet, but only some of them. In this case, everything must be set statically. This can usually be attributed to servers. In addition, the address specific to a particular router should not always be given to anyone. We can cite as an example how to use a single command to select specific addresses, the distribution of which is not necessary.
When setting up a DHCP server on Windows 7, you can enter a label such as Router (config) #ip dhcp excluded-address. It allows you to remove from the distribution all addresses that are in a certain range. If after that you turn on the computer, which is adjusted for the automatic issuance of addresses, you can see that he received the IP address that is currently free.
Is there any other way to correctly configure the service?
Now you know what the DHCP server of the router is, as well as how it can be configured. But there is another configuration method that applies to Cisco devices.
If there are a large number of diverse subnets and a desire to make sure that all addresses are distributed in a centralized way by using a single server, then you will not need to configure the server on the device, but indicate where it is located. As an example, we can demonstrate the following set of commands that will contribute to the achievement of the goal:
1. Router (config) #int fa0 / 1. This command allows you to enter the settings interface, which captures all calls to computers.
2. Router (config-if) #ip helper-address. Having typed a similar inscription, you can specify the address at which the server we need is located. Accordingly, access to this server must be granted to a specific router. In addition, the configuration of the pool of addresses to be distributed must be completely completed.
A similar scheme, which allows you to configure the DHCP server Linux, Windows, Cisco, assigns the intermediary role to the router itself. If a request is received from a specific computer, the device will simply forward it to the server that was specified in the command. He will also deliver the request in the opposite direction.
You should not be afraid of the complexity of installing a service
We hope that this review helped to understand all the issues that interest you and understand what a server like DHCP is, why it is needed and how to configure it. Everything actually turns out to be even simpler than described in the article. Therefore, if you need to configure and install the service, you can safely read the review and proceed. Good luck in your work!
What errors caused the server configuration to not be saved?
When working with a DHCP server, you may encounter the following errors:
1. A change to the basic settings was incorrectly assigned.
2. The addresses were entered incorrectly.
3. The user entered the subnet mask incorrectly.
4. The router address was entered incorrectly.
5. The address of the router does not correspond to the range that is characteristic of the subnet.
6. The domain was set incorrectly.
7. The DNS server was not specified correctly.
8. The user inaccurately entered the address where the time server is located.
9. An error occurred while entering or correcting ranges.
10. IP addresses were not created accurately.
11. The final address was entered inaccurately.
12. Add the required range failed.
13. Until all addresses are set correctly, the range will not be added.
14. A range was introduced whose parameters match the parameters of an existing range in the DHCP server.
These are the main errors that are often encountered by many users. Remember that everything must be done carefully and thoroughly, so that later you do not have to correct the previously entered data.