In apartments, the floor is not always perfectly flat and attractive. For this reason, residents are trying to transform their home. This does not mean that you have to call the masters to work. How to fill the floor in the apartment and create a perfectly flat surface? This is a question that everyone is interested in. It is difficult to create a modern floor covering without filling the floor in the apartment. Even small errors lead to the fact that the finish base begins to deteriorate and loses its presentability. To extend the shelf life, you will have to fill in a perfectly flat base.
When is this required?
According to the masters, it’s not difficult to fill the floor with your own hands, and such a procedure is required in two cases:
- After making a decision about laying a modern floor covering - laminate, tile, parquet board and linoleum. Only in this way does the service life get longer.
- If desired, insulate the floor. Recently, this trend is gaining more and more popularity.
It is clear that the basis is the creation of a quality solution. Since this is the main component, it is better to use recommendations and not break the rules. Therefore, special attention is paid to creating a solution.
What can I choose?
The answer to the question of how to fill the floor in the house should begin with which composition to choose. There are enough offers on the market, and it is important to choose what will be the best option for you. What indicators influence the choice:
- Cost of materials.
- How will the floor covering be operated after.
- Which finish is chosen.
The world does not stand still, something new and beautiful constantly appears. Therefore, sometimes it’s enough to make the floor without a finish. The simplest thing is to fill the floor with concrete, because it is not only a small cost, but also high quality for many years of operation.
Even with strong mechanical stress, it is not damaged. The service life is high, and therefore this method is used in many construction works. In addition, the mixture has only natural ingredients, which makes the floor environmentally friendly and completely safe for living quarters. Concrete is immune to moisture, temperature changes. The only thing that will not suit everyone is the solidification period, but this parameter depends on the applied layer. Without insulation, such a floor for a living room will be very cold.
What you should not forget
But is it possible to make such a jellied floor warm? The answer is yes. Two main technologies are used for this:
- The addition of expanded clay composition. Here, a pillow for concrete mix is simply dumped. At the same time, the coating does not lose its characteristics, but acquires heat.
- Sand is also used in larger quantities. Such a screed becomes warmer, but it has a minus - a long fixation period.
Many just make warm communications.
Today, the main task of suppliers of goods is to create the most favorable conditions for the consumer. Can floors be poured without using a concrete mixer? Yes, by purchasing ready-made mixtures. They mainly go in a loose state, therefore, a container is needed in which the components should be connected and mixed using a construction mixer. They are applied in any areas. This is the topcoat or subfloor. And most importantly, you don’t need to make too much thickness. The composition contains high-quality fillers that can make the composition ductile, and the coating is reliable.
How to fill the bulk floor? This question is of interest to many, because such coverage is increasingly found in residential premises. The main advantage is that a special liquid is simply poured onto the prepared surface. As a result, everything turns out as smoothly as possible. The composition is cement and filler. It can be used as an independent coating or under the lining - tiles, laminate, parquet board. Such floors have many positive qualities:
- Resistant to mechanical stress.
- Fireproof.
- Environmentally friendly.
- Quick and easy to wash.
At the same time on sale you can find a large assortment of color solutions and with the possibility of applying drawings.
Instruments
In any construction finish, it is important to adhere to the technology in order to achieve the desired result. How to fill the bulk floor in the apartment? It should start after the main repair is completed, when all communications are laid. This process is being done gradually, in each room in turn. Tools are applied:
- Building level. Sometimes not only small but also large is required.
- Roulette.
- Spatulas are better than different sizes.
- Needle roller.
- Construction mixer or drill with nozzles.
- Material for exhibiting beacons. Better aluminum finished, they are sold in all construction stores.
Work stages
The entire construction process has several basic steps:
- Surface preparation. The completely old construction, as well as all dust and dirt, is removed. Degreasing is carried out over the entire surface.
- Waterproofing. If cracks are present, then they are equalized with concrete mixture or any sealant. After treating the surface with a primer. Then lay the material itself. It can be a film with a high micron index, ruberoid or any other materials.
- To make the surface as flat as possible, put up beacons. These are marks that are fixed on the walls.
- Only after that you need to start pouring.
Each material has its own characteristics in the work, and we must not forget about them. Each stage must be carried out carefully and taking into account the requirements, otherwise the finish coating will not turn out the way it should be. It is clear that the first stages are not so difficult, but the bay process itself has a number of features.
Solution mixing
How to fill the floor correctly? You need to know the process of preparing the solution. Depending on the error, the composition is selected. If you need to fill in more than 5 centimeters in height, then concrete-sand is suitable. Builders claim that the surface is perfectly smooth, you need to add fibrin to the mixture. This is a fibrous material that can make the screed denser. The use of the mesh helps.
Mortars containing cement are sold ready-made or knead on their own. Perlite becomes a good filler. The process itself takes place in several stages. 8 parts of perlite, 4 parts of river sand and 2 parts of cement are taken. After this, the bulk components mix well and water is added to the container. Further, the construction mixer works until the composition becomes plastic.
Cement and sand is the simplest composition. How to fill floors and knead composition? Three parts of the second are taken on one part of the first component. After that, plain water is added and everything is thoroughly mixed. You can strengthen the composition and make it as strong and reliable as possible. How exactly? There is such interesting material as fiber. It is made of polypropylene. It takes a little to make the whole installation reliable. But with purchased mixtures is easy - the work is carried out on the basis of instructions. If the work is carried out by one person, it is not necessary to perform large batches, because they dry quickly. In order for the filling to become homogeneous, you need to perform one floor per day, otherwise it will look ugly.
The key to success and strength is the creation of a reliable foundation - pillows. It can be made from various components, namely:
- Expanded clay.
- Gravel.
- Crushed stone and other materials.
But after dumping, the load on the structure increases. If the apartment is on a high floor, then you should not risk it. When it is required to raise the floor too much with significant irregularities, concrete will have to be excluded.
Technologies
How to fill the floor in the apartment? The process itself starts from the far corner. The solution is taken and poured over the entire surface, taking into account the beacons. Then, using a spatula, alignment is carried out. The appearance of air in the solution will lead to the appearance of voids.
The needle roller will help to remove this, they need to walk around the floor. Now the screed is completely leveled. When the first batch is consumed, the second is done, and the procedure is repeated.
Differences in the use of formulations
If you choose a self-leveling composition, then its consistency will be more liquid. It turns out that due to this, it spreads on the floor on its own. If the composition is sandy, then it begins to harden in a few hours. And for concrete it takes at least 28 days. If it is a cement-sand mortar, then it takes two or three days for it to dry. But at the same time, it is necessary to observe the microclimate in the room where it is drying. It is important to prevent direct sunlight and sudden temperature changes. Sometimes, in order to avoid cracks, cover the floor with a film or periodically spray with water.
If deformation occurs
When cracks appear, they are laid with a similar composition. The same thing needs to be done in places of fixation of beacons. When creating a solution from the finished mixture, you need to carefully apply water.
The fact is that if it is added more than the prescribed volume, then hardening will not occur.
Conclusion
It turns out that creating a perfectly flat floor in an apartment is not so difficult. You need to follow simple recommendations and instructions. If you do not break the rules, then it will turn out beautifully and accurately, and most importantly - reliably and durable.