Enamel is a suspension of pigments with fillers in varnishes, which form a solid opaque film with different textures after the completion of the drying phase. It is for these qualities that modern consumers choose these formulations more often than others. In addition, they are capable of performing several functions at once, for example, decorating and transforming rust. The surface in the end can be moire, matte or glossy. In terms of the physicomechanical properties of the films and the protective characteristics of the enamel, water dispersion and oil paints are superior. Among the main characteristics, elasticity and hardness can be distinguished.
general description
As a rule, enamel is a composition that contains a large amount of film former and a small amount of filler. The first ingredient is synthetic varnish, while the filler has a high decorative effect. Enamels are intended for the formation of the upper layers of the coating, which are subject to different and high requirements for resistance to the effects of negative factors and decorativeness. These mixtures are intended for painting metal and wooden surfaces, as well as to give them weather resistance and wear resistance. The compositions may have different colors.
The main types of enamels
Enamel is a composition that can be aerosol, acrylic alkyd or heat-resistant. Aerosol differs in that it takes very little time to dry. If we are talking about acrylic paints, then they can be used for both internal and external works on concrete, wood, brick and plastered surfaces. Alkyd enamels are used for painting various wooden and metal surfaces, namely:
- boats;
- Bicycles
- doors;
- furniture;
- windows.
Alkyd enamels can be used both outdoors and indoors. Heat-resistant enamel is a mixture designed for coloring radiators that are used at temperatures up to 100 ° C.
Enamel classification
Having visited the store, you can find enamels, which are indicated by different abbreviations. For example, enamel, denoted by the letters PF, is a pentaphthalic mixture, which is made on the same varnish. There are commercially available GF enamels called glyphthalic. Silicon-organic compounds are characterized by high heat resistance, while NC enamels are made on the basis of nitrocellulose and are characterized by the resistance of surfaces to static effects, liquids and industrial oils.
Based on chlorinated, polyvinyl chloride and alkyd resins, HV enamels are made, which are characterized by excellent weather and chemical resistance and resistance to atmospheric phenomena. Based on acrylic, AK enamels are made, which have high light fastness and the ability to maintain whiteness under ultraviolet radiation. Based on alkyd and acrylic, AC enamels are made, which are distinguished by excellent protective properties and the ability to maintain their qualities in tropical and temperate climates.
On the basis of alkyd and epoxy resins, EP enamels are made, which belong to category B2. This indicates that the mixture can be operated in all areas except the Far North. FL enamels are made on the basis of phenol and oil varnish, which have higher quality characteristics in terms of hardness, drying speed, wear resistance and gloss.
Belinka Email Radiator Alkyd Enamel Features
The characteristic of enamels, which you can find in the instructions on the packaging, allows you to understand why certain mixtures are intended, and also by what technology they should be used. For example, the enamel mentioned in the subtitle is a coating mixture used to coat old and new radiators, as well as indoor heating pipes. After drying, the surface becomes glossy, and the layer is heat resistant.
It is based on a modified high-quality alkyd resin, fillers, heat-resistant pigments, organic solvents and additives. Apply the solution with a brush with natural bristles in one or two layers. Tools can be cleaned after completion of work with a rag dipped in white spirit, thinner or gasoline.
Additional recommendations
Such enamels, reviews of which are only the most positive, dry out within 24 hours, this also applies to inter-layer drying. Do not start work if the thermometer has dropped below +10 ° C. If you have to work with a radiator, the surface of which is cleaned from other coatings to metal, then you need to start work with a primer.
Reviews on the features of the application
Before using the above enamel, it is necessary to prepare a painted surface, for this it must be freed from dust, dirt, as well as rust and moisture. To remove rust, use a wire brush, chemicals, or sandpaper. Nitro solvents will get rid of greasy contaminants.
According to customers, the enamel must be mixed well before application. Application can be by spray or brush. The application of the second layer should be carried out a day after the first. Such enamel, the technical characteristics of which were mentioned above, can be cleaned on the surface of the radiator. According to users, this can be done no earlier than a month after staining.
Mister Hammer Rust Enamel Features
Quite often in everyday life there is a need to apply enamel on surfaces that have been affected by rust. For such work, you can use the enamel mentioned in the subtitle, which is sold in 2.5 kg cans. For this amount of composition, the consumer will have to pay 895 rubles. The color of the solution is silver. Using this mixture, you can convert rust, carry out anti-corrosion primers and paint the surface to achieve a decorative effect.
Enamel can be used for painting in atmospheric conditions, as well as indoors. After the layer dries, it acquires high weather resistance, anticorrosion resistance and increased moisture resistance. This rust enamel forms a kind of coating in the form of a pattern that resembles hand stamping. After that you can get a hammer textured pattern, with which you can mask minor defects.
Composition Consumption
It is noteworthy that a single-layer coating will dry in 4 hours, but on a tack the base will dry in just an hour. The degree of gloss will depend on the tool and application method. In order to achieve a hammer effect, the application should be carried out in two to three layers. In this case, you should be prepared that for an area of 5 m 2 you will need 1 liter of enamel. With single-layer application, the consumption is reduced to 90 g per m 2 . You can use this enamel at home, but this is not all that you need to know before applying. For example, an alkyd component is used as the basis, but it is impossible to color the mixture.
Characteristics of a 3 in 1 primer-enamel of the Lacra brand
The company "Lacra" offers for sale a primer 3 in 1, made on an alkyd basis. The composition is able to convert rust, decorate the surface and exert an anti-corrosion effect on it. After drying, you will get a glossy coating that is resistant to weathering and mechanical stress. The mixture is universal, because you can use it not only for indoor but also for outdoor use.
Enamel is intended for coloring rusty, clean and partially coded metal surfaces, on the basis of which rust is contained up to 0.1 mm thick. This enamel for rust 3 in 1 should be applied to the prepared surface, which should be cleaned of dirt, dust, and loose rust. Flaking old coatings can be removed; if necessary, the surface must be degreased.
If oil or alkyd paints were previously applied to the surface , then they must be cleaned to a matte state, and then checked for strength and compatibility. For this, experts recommend a trial staining. If the old coating will peel off, then it should be removed. Before use, the soil-enamel must be mixed well, if necessary, or before staining, you can dilute the composition to a working viscosity with solvent or white spirit. This is especially true if you plan to use a pneumatic sprayer in your work.
Application should be carried out in dry weather, when the temperature is in the range from -10 to +30 ° C. It is important to provide an intermediate layer-by-layer drying if the application is carried out in two layers. In the future, enamels and paints on oil, pentaphthalic and vinyl chloride substrates can be applied to the surface.
Characteristics of enamel paint PF 115
PF 115 enamel paint is resistant to low temperatures and precipitation, forms a waterproof film after drying. The mixture is made on a pentaphthalic basis. It is used for painting surfaces outdoors and indoors. The mixture can be used to paint objects of the exterior, interior, pipelines, radiators, frames and other surfaces.
The main color is white, but on sale you can find yellow, blue, green, gray, cream and beige shades. The paint is resistant not only to atmospheric influences, but also to ultraviolet, as well as temperature extremes ranging from -50 to +60 ° . The paint forms a waterproof coating and excellently copes with the effects of washing solutions. Using enamel paint, you can create a smooth decorative homogeneous coating that has a 50 percent dullness and does not form smudges.
Conclusion
Today, enamels are a fairly common type of paint coatings . They can have different properties and purpose. Intended solutions for application to metal and wood, as well as other materials. As a distinctive feature of enamel paints, high hiding power, resistance to moisture, coloring ability, atmospheric stability and excellent tolerance to sunlight can be distinguished.