The capital of the Russian Federation, Moscow is the largest city in Europe. As of 2017, 12.3 million people live in this city. And this is without taking into account the huge number of illegal workers from neighboring republics. The administrative division of Moscow is complicated, due to the special status of the city and a large number of people. It acquired a modern look after the reforms of 1991, when the districts were united into districts.
Municipal Organization
Moscow is the political and economic center of the Russian Federation. Therefore, the municipal government in the capital should be thought out to the smallest detail. The administrative division of Moscow includes districts, districts and settlements. The new system was installed in accordance with the 1991 reforms. Before the collapse of the Soviet Union, the administrative division of Moscow included 33 districts. All of them were relatively autonomous units and could independently choose the course of their socio-economic development. However, after the collapse of the USSR, such a system was recognized as ineffective.
The self-government reform of 1991 was designed to eliminate the problems associated with the accessibility of power and control over the development of territories. As a result, 10 districts were allocated. They included the existing areas, many of which were previously divided into several smaller ones. The main body of executive power in the administrative districts became prefectures, in the districts - councils. It is believed that the new three-level management system has improved coordination and closer government bodies to local residents. Between 1991 and 2017, two more districts were formed. Thus, today there are 12 of them, they include 125 districts. During the implementation of the project to expand the territory of the capital in 2012, settlements were also allocated. Today there are 21 of them.
Southern District
Most Muscovites live here. The population of the Southern District as of January 1, 2016 is 1.774 million people. By area, it is only in fifth place. It is bounded by the Bitsa Forest, the valleys of the Kotlovka and Moscow rivers, and Leninsky Prospekt. If we consider the administrative division of Moscow into districts, then Yuzhny includes 16 districts. On its territory there are a large number of research centers and industrial enterprises. This district is considered the most comfortable in Moscow. Numerous parks and squares are arranged here, in which residents of the capital like to relax. Local monuments of nature are located here. Among them are Arshanovsky, Tsaritsyno Park and Zagorje. Also on the territory of the Southern District are architectural monuments, reserves, Orthodox churches and museums.
Oriental
If we consider the administrative division of Moscow, then this district is in second place in terms of population. It is home to 12.16% of Muscovites, or 1.505 million people. In terms of area, it is in third place. This district covers 154.84 square kilometers or 6.13% of the capital. It is limited by the Moscow Ring Road, Elk Island, Ryazan and Yaroslavl railway directions. This is one of the most environmentally friendly districts. There are many green spaces and parks. It is on the territory of the Eastern District that the world famous Cherkizovsky market is located.
Southwestern
The district is in third place in terms of population. Its share in the total number of residents of the capital is 11.52%. Considering the administrative-territorial division of Moscow, one cannot but pay attention to the area occupied by each district. According to this indicator, South-West is in eighth place. Here are located many industrial enterprises of citywide significance. For example, the Cheryomushki plant, which produces bakery and confectionery products. Rich in Southwest and cultural sites.
Novomoskovsky
Consideration of such an issue as the administrative division of Moscow would be incomplete without taking into account the characteristics of the least populated districts. In the penultimate place for this indicator - Novomoskovsky. By area, he is in second place. This district was formed during the implementation of the project to expand the capital in 2012. It has 11 settlements. The administrative division of the city of Moscow today includes three types of entities. During the transition period, a common prefecture operates in the Novomoskovsk and Trinity districts. It is assumed that the city of Moscow will become the center of the first. However, today the common prefecture is located in Troitsk. About a hundred enterprises operate in the okrug. Among the main attractions of Novomoskovsky it is possible to distinguish the Izvarino and Milyukovo manors, the Church of St. John the Baptist and the Orthodox Cross in Shcherbinka.
Trinity
This district is in last place in terms of population. Less than 1% of Muscovites live in it. Like the previous one, it was formed in 2012. In terms of occupied space, Troitsky is in first place. Its share in the total territory of the capital is 42.92%. The main city of the district is Troitsk, which has the status of a science city. There are 10 research centers. About 5 thousand inhabitants of this city work in the field of science. The high level of education of the local population determines a large number of cultural events held in Troitsk. The priority is the construction of the campus of the Higher School of Economics. In the future, an intensive growth of the population of the city and the district as a whole is expected due to the development of the scientific and educational sphere.