Today, the problem associated with unemployment is one of the most urgent on the planet. Many states attach great importance to this issue.
After all, unemployment leads to rather serious consequences in any country: crime increases, production decreases, people suffer serious psychological trauma.
For the first time the concept of "unemployment benefits" in our country was introduced in the early 20s of the twentieth century, back in the USSR. Then, already in the Stalin era, it was no longer appointed, since it was believed that such a problem did not exist in the country.
And only since 1991 in Russia at the same time as the multistructure system operating in economic relations began to take shape, the unemployment benefit was restored again. What is meant by this concept, how and to whom is it paid?
Unemployment benefit is a cash payment to those citizens who are recognized by the state unemployed in the prescribed manner. It is charged from the first day, as a citizen was declared unemployed.
If a person was dismissed from the organization in which he worked, during a layoff or the organization itself was abolished, and at the same time he was unable to find work, then he is entitled to this allowance. In this case, a citizen must be registered with the relevant employment service and really recognized as unemployed. However, it is very important to know that payments are not made for the entire period of a citizen’s unemployment: the size and period of receiving benefits may vary depending on the period during which a person receives it.
For example, the period of payment of benefits cannot be longer than 12 months, and inconsistently one after another. If a citizen at the end of the first payment period did not find a job, then unemployment benefits may begin to be paid again.
The total period during which the unemployed can receive benefits: two years or 12 months, which can be scattered over 36 calendar months. At the same time, payments are made monthly, but this requires a prerequisite: a citizen must regularly re-register as unemployed in the employment service. The frequency of registration is set by the most paying organization - no more than twice a month.
Unemployment benefits, the amount of which is established annually by the Government of the Russian Federation, are due to many factors: for example, the length of service, the reason for termination of the employment agreement, and whether the citizen worked before.
The district or regional employment service should determine what unemployment benefit a person will receive.
Today, there are two types of benefit payments - special and general, the sizes of which are different from each other.
If a person has become unemployed due to reasons not specifically stipulated by law, his unemployment benefit is calculated approximately as follows: for the first three months he will receive 75% of the amount of his average monthly income that he received for the last three months at his last job, then for four months this amount will be reduced to 60%, and the remaining months - to 45%. The amount that a citizen will receive should be no less and no more than the minimum allowance, while increasing by the district coefficient. It is important to know that the amount of benefits for each citizen is calculated only on the basis of his official salary.
Some categories of unemployed are eligible for benefits calculated as special cases. These include those citizens who had never worked anywhere before, looking for work after a sufficient break, were fired for disciplinary violations, were sent by the district employment service to study a particular specialty, but were expelled from there. Such people are given unemployment benefits equivalent to the minimum wage multiplied by the coefficient of the area.