Women's health is the key to her family and maternal happiness. Therefore, the main task of modern gynecology is the prevention and treatment of various pathologies in the female genital area. Inflammation of the appendages, the symptoms of which probably every woman experienced at least once in her life, is a disease that requires immediate treatment.
What is the danger
With any inflammatory gynecological manifestations, first of all, there is always a risk to reproductive health. Therefore, if any symptoms of such ailments are detected, a specialist consultation is necessary. After all , the outcome of the disease depends on how timely and adequately the treatment is carried out.
Causes of inflammation
Most often, various pathogens and infections can provoke the development of inflammation of the appendages in women (the symptoms are very similar to an attack of appendicitis or renal colic). Most often, such provocateurs are transmitted sexually. This is primarily chlamydia, trichomonads, mycoplasmas, herpes viruses and other pathogens. However, it may be the inhabitants of opportunistic microflora, normally present on the mucous membranes of our body - streptococci, candida, staphylococci and other microbes.
The cause of inflammation can be various bacteria that "sink from above." Rare, but still possible culprits of the inflammatory process can be pathogenic pathogens that penetrate the gonads through the blood and lymph. In the pelvic organs of a woman, they get from the kidneys, lungs and, surprisingly, the oral cavity with a sore throat or dental diseases. Such infections provoke inflammation of the fallopian tubes, and then capture the ovaries.
It is also possible that the cause of inflammation of the appendages in women (both the symptoms and the course of the disease are pronounced, accompanied by periodic or constant sharp pains, fever) are hypothermia, abortion, uterine surgery, ectopic pregnancy, childbirth, the use of intrauterine devices, etc. . The result of the manifestation of an undesirable pathology can be an incorrect diagnosis of the disease or inadequate treatment.
Therefore, the symptoms of inflammation of the appendages in themselves are only a consequence of the spread of an already settled infection in the urogenital system of a woman.
Pathology development
When harmful microorganisms enter the uterus, they successfully develop in its cavity, covering more and more extensive areas, gradually capturing the fallopian tubes. As a result, the organ begins to condense: pus accumulates, adhesions appear. If you ignore or incorrectly treat the disease at this stage, the process spreads further and captures the ovaries.
With symptoms of inflammation of the ovaries and appendages in women, pathological changes occur - soldering of the fallopian tubes and ovaries. As a result of such formations, obstruction of the tubes occurs, which entails the appearance of ectopic pregnancies and the inability to complete. It happens that with inflammation, pathological changes begin to spread to the surrounding peritoneum, so there is always a risk of dangerous septic phenomena.
There are different types of inflammation, and each of them has stages and characteristics of the course.
Salpingitis: symptoms, signs, consequences
The inflammatory pathology of the fallopian tubes resulting from an infectious effect is called salpingitis. In acute cases of this disease, patients complain of:
- severe pain in the lower abdomen;
- regular fever and fever;
- chills and general weakness.
Symptoms of inflammation of the appendages with a subacute and chronic form have an erased clinic, therefore, for accurate diagnosis, certain laboratory and ultrasound studies are required.
The consequences of this inflammatory pathology are obstruction of one or both fallopian tubes, the appearance of purulent tubo-ovarian formations. Requires medical treatment with antibacterial drugs.
Salpingitis itself is quite rare. Usually occurs with involvement of the ovaries in the inflammatory process (salpingoophoritis, or adnexitis) or together with uterine inflammation (endometritis).
Adnexitis
Salpingoophoritis (adnexitis) is an inflammatory process that occurs simultaneously in the fallopian tubes and in the ovaries. It is characterized by severe pain and pains in the lower abdomen, temperature, cycle disorders, general weakness and other symptoms. Treatment of inflammation of the appendages in women and this pathology, and other similar diseases, requires immediate medical attention.
Adnexitis is dangerous because with a long acute course it provokes the occurrence of adhesions in the fallopian tubes. This is the main cause of female infertility.
From the tube, pus can penetrate into the abdominal cavity, which is likely to provoke peritonitis - a life-threatening phenomenon. Physiological changes in the ovaries, signaling themselves as symptoms of inflammation of the appendages, entail the appearance of uterine bleeding and cycle disorders. Since the ovaries are an integral part of the hormonal system, failures in their functioning do not pass without a trace for the whole organism. There is a risk of various forms of mammological pathologies and disorders in the thyroid gland.
Symptoms and signs of oophoritis
Inflammatory pathology of the ovaries is oophoritis. Modern gynecology distinguishes between acute, subacute and chronic form.
In acute inflammation, patients complain of:
- continuous pain in the lower abdomen, radiating to the lower back or sacrum;
- frequent urination, accompanied by severe pain and pain;
- fever, accompanied by fever and malaise;
- purulent discharge;
- sharp pain during intercourse.
On examination, the gynecologist determines the increase in the ovaries. When confirming the diagnosis, the patient needs urgent hospitalization with treatment in a hospital.
Subacute course is a rather rare form of the disease. Most often occurs in conjunction with tuberculosis or mycosis.
Untimely diagnosis of symptoms and treatment of inflammation of the appendages, as well as its incompleteness, lead to a chronic form of the disease. In this case, the disease acquires a protracted course with periodic exacerbations. Chronic ovarian inflammation is characterized by dull, aching pain in the groin area. Unpleasant sensations can intensify with the beginning of the cycle. In this case, slight discharge, pain during sexual contact and the impossibility of pregnancy are observed.
What is dangerous endometritis
Symptoms of inflammation of the uterus and appendages are characterized by inflammation of the endometrial mucosa in combination with inflammation of the muscle layer of the genital organ and can have a pronounced picture. The physiological feature of the uterine mucosa is to update with the advent of each new cycle, preparing to attach a fertilized egg, and reject if fertilization has not occurred.
Very often, due to some inflammatory processes caused by various surgical interventions, childbirth and infectious pathogens, particles of the ovum and placenta remain in the uterine cavity. A favorable environment for the development of pathogenic flora is gradually being created; harmful changes in the endometrium occur.
Manifestations of endometritis are menstrual irregularities, the occurrence of uterine bleeding, the appearance of spotting between menstruation, purulent serous discharge with an unpleasant odor, a constant feeling of discomfort and pain during sexual intercourse.
Endometritis in all its manifestations is treated in a hospital using antibacterial and hormonal treatment regimens.
Diagnostics
Identification of any form of inflammation of the appendages in women (the symptoms can often be similar to signs of exacerbation of the appendix, cystitis, renal colic or other pathologies of the pelvic organs) should be carried out only by a specialist. Diagnosis is based on patient complaints, a medical history, gynecological examination, ultrasound and laboratory tests of blood and smears.
Traditional medicine: treating inflammation of the appendages
Patients with a diagnosis of inflammation of the appendages are treated in a hospital, since there remains a potential threat of dangerous septic complications (the development of parametritis, pelvioperitonitis or peritonitis).
An individual treatment regimen is selected depending on the type of disease and the form of its course. The patient is usually prescribed antibacterial drugs, absorbable therapy and physiotherapy. In critical situations, surgical intervention is possible.
Folk remedies
There are many alternative methods that can be used to prevent gynecological inflammation. Many women sometimes quite successfully eliminate the symptoms of inflammation of the appendages at home. The treatment in this case consists in the combined exposure to traditional medicine and medications.
However, it is important to remember that with acute and chronic forms of these gynecological diseases, the use of certain non-traditional methods can differ significantly. So, for example, in the acute course of the inflammatory process, it is not recommended to warm up in hot baths, while in chronic forms of the disease, heating and various douching can give a good result.
Do not forget that any inflammatory processes in the pelvic area of a woman is most often a pathology of infectious genesis. Therefore, the treatment of symptoms of inflammation of the appendages with folk remedies can only be an additional measure to antibacterial effects.
Gynecological inflammation prevention
To prevent the development of inflammatory processes of the ovaries and appendages, simple but very important rules should be followed. First of all, sexually transmitted infections, hypothermia and stress should be avoided. At the first symptoms of the inflammatory process, you do not need to postpone the visit to the antenatal clinic until later. Diagnosis of the disease in the early stages of development largely determines its outcome. Moreover, a visit to the gynecologist once every six months is one of the best methods of preventing not only inflammation of the appendages, but also other serious female pathologies.
The consequences of neglected and chronic forms of such diseases are infertility, lifelong administration of drugs and hormones, or the potential threat of losing the female genital glands altogether. Therefore, with any symptoms of inflammation of the appendages, even if you feel quite tolerable, you can not ignore the body's signals - women's health in the future directly depends on this. Take care of yourself and be healthy!