The term "stomatitis" refers to a number of clinical manifestations indicating the progression of the infection process in the body. The disease is accompanied by the formation of sores and wounds in the oral cavity. In most cases, they are localized on the lips and cheeks. In such situations, wounds are easy to notice, so that treatment is prescribed in a timely manner and recovery is faster. If the child has stomatitis in the throat (a photo of the swollen tissue is presented below), it is more difficult to detect. In addition, the treatment of pathology is associated with some difficulties associated with the localization of wounds. The disease requires an integrated approach, to achieve recovery in a short time is possible only with strict observance of all the recommendations of the doctor.
Pathogenesis
Behind the external manifestations of the disease are hidden very deep and significant problems. In a child, stomatitis in the throat can develop under the influence of even the smallest provoking factor. This is due to the fact that the mucous membrane lining the oral cavity is a favorable environment for the life of pathogenic microorganisms, especially if there are injuries on it.
The transmission of the pathogen of stomatitis is carried out by alimentary or droplet-aerogenic. If at this time the child’s body defenses are weakened and the oral mucosa has a low degree of resistance to infectious agents, the process of active pathogen vital activity is launched. In addition, under these conditions, the pathogenic properties of microbes are often manifested, which are normally part of the microflora.
Etiology
The most common cause of stomatitis in the throat of a child is the neglect or lack of compliance with the rules of oral hygiene. The following factors can act as provoking:
- Violation of the integrity of the mucous membrane resulting from burns. As a rule, lesions arise from eating too hot food.
- Mechanical damage to the mucosa.
- Penetration of chemical compounds into the oral cavity.
- Lack of vitamins and minerals in the body.
- Colds.
- Measles.
- Scarlet fever.
- The use of foods that are allergens for the child.
- Taking antibiotics.
- Unbalanced diet.
- Impaired functioning of the digestive system.
- Hormonal imbalance.
- The presence in the body of fungi and the herpes virus.
- Failure of the immune system.
In addition, sometimes stomatitis in the throat of a child can occur after using toothpaste, which contains sodium lauryl sulfate. This compound effectively eliminates plaque from enamel, but at the same time negatively affects the condition of the mucosa.
Clinical manifestations
The main symptom of throat stomatitis in children is sores. They differ in shade from a healthy mucosa and deliver pronounced painful sensations.
In addition, the following conditions are the clinical manifestations of stomatitis:
- Swelling of the tissues.
- Elevated body temperature.
- Frequent episodes of headache.
- Inflamed cervical lymph nodes.
- Lack of appetite. This is due to painful sensations that make it difficult for a child to swallow.
- In some cases, vomiting occurs after eating food.
- The tongue is overlaid with a light coating.
- Increased salivation.
- General weakness.
- The rapid onset of fatigue.
- If you try to put pressure on the sores, a cloudy liquid will stand out from them.
- Disturbances in the digestive system. This condition occurs against the background of failures in the process of digestion of products.
- Bad breath.
If the child has a red throat and stomatitis (this can be understood by the presence of several of the above symptoms at once), you should consult a doctor. A pediatric dentist is involved in the treatment of pathology.
Types of Stomatitis
There are several forms of the disease. Each of them is characterized by clinical manifestations and their intensity, as well as the causes of development.
Types of stomatitis:
- Catarrhal. The easiest form of the disease. It is characterized by inflammation of the mucous membrane, while there are no painful ulcers. The main reason for the development is non-compliance with hygiene rules.
- Aphthous. Most often localized in the larynx. In children, aphthous stomatitis (a photo of the throat with this form does not cause positive emotions, a schematic image is presented below) is accompanied by the formation of specific vesicles. Over time, they burst, and in their place there are white ulcers with a red halo.
- Candidiasis. Most often diagnosed in children. The causative agent of the disease is Candida fungus. During the examination of the throat, you can find a white coating that resembles cottage cheese in consistency. It is easily removable, under it are wounds of red color.
- Herpetic. The clinical manifestations of the pathology are most similar to the symptoms of colds. However, during the examination of the throat, ulcers characteristic of stomatitis can be found.
Only a doctor can determine the form of the disease and make the most effective treatment regimen.
Diagnostics
An experienced dentist only needs a quick examination to differentiate stomatitis from a cold. To identify the cause of the pathology, the specialist needs to conduct a thorough history taking.
Based on the initial information received, the doctor directs the patient to a deeper examination. This is necessary to identify the causative agent of the disease.
Laboratory diagnosis of stomatitis includes the following studies:
- General blood analysis.
- The study of smear.
- The study of saliva.
With the protracted nature of the disease, a biochemical blood test and enzyme immunoassay are indicated.
Based on the results of the diagnosis, the doctor is determined with the tactics of treating stomatitis in the throat of a child.
Antiviral and antibacterial therapy
Initially, it is necessary to stop the infectious process. Local-acting drugs do a good job of this. Information about how to gargle children with stomatitis should be provided by a doctor. Most experts recommend using Miramistin for patients. This is a universal antiseptic, which is available in the form of a solution. It has no taste, and therefore children do not refuse to gargle their throats.
On the pharmaceutical market, drugs that are intended for the preparation of solutions are sold. The most effective are Ingafitol and Evkar. Immediately after preparation of the solution, rinse the oral cavity.
Effective in the treatment of throat stomatitis in children (photo funds are presented below) are recognized sprays: "Ingalipt", "Hexoral", "Lugol's solution." Against the background of their use, painful sensations also stop in a short time.
Along with medicines, doctors recommend dissolving lozenges based on eucalyptus.
Tissue regeneration
Treatment of stomatitis in children with a throat is not complete without the use of drugs that accelerate the healing of the mucosa. The appropriateness of the use of a particular medication is evaluated by a doctor based on the individual characteristics of the child’s health.
Most often, dentists prescribe the following:
- "Lugol's solution."
- "Carotolin."
- "Solcoseryl."
- "Vinylinum."
- "Sea buckthorn oil".
All of the above funds significantly accelerate the process of mucosal regeneration.
Symptomatic therapy
Pronounced painful sensations are a constant companion of stomatitis. Local drugs weaken their intensity, but in advanced cases, doctors recommend additionally treating the throat with agents containing lidocaine.
During the treatment of stomatitis, it is necessary to take drugs that help strengthen the immune system. As a rule, children are prescribed oral use of multivitamin complexes. In some cases, and immunomodulators.
Often in children, the course of the pathology is accompanied by an increase in body temperature. In these cases, the administration or rectal administration of antipyretic drugs is indicated. These include: Nurofen, Ibuprofen, Paracetamol, Cefecon.
Folk methods
To reduce the severity of unpleasant symptoms, it is allowed to use non-traditional means.
The most effective recipes:
- Take the dried leaves of calendula, chop them. Received raw materials in the amount of 1 tbsp. l pour 200 ml of boiling water. Let it brew for 1 hour. Gargle with the resulting product as often as possible. A similar infusion can be prepared from leaves and chamomile flowers.
- Grind Kalanchoe, squeeze juice. Moisten cotton or gauze swab in liquid. Lubricate the child's throat immediately after rinsing.
- Sores can be treated with propolis tincture in the form of an aqueous solution. (You can not use a bee product prepared for alcohol for kids). If the child is small, drip the product onto the tongue. Older children can treat their throats with a cotton or gauze swab. However, it will be better to give the baby to chew a small pea of propolis. The frequency of taking a bee product in this case can be no more than 7 times a day if there is no allergy to it.
It is important to understand that the use of alternative methods does not exclude the need to seek qualified medical help.
Doctors advice
Dentists recommend following the principles of a sparing diet during the treatment of stomatitis. If you have ulcers, you should not eat too hot dishes. Eating cold foods also brings a number of unpleasant sensations. In addition, it is not recommended to eat solid foods that can violate the integrity of the mucosa, as well as dishes that irritate tissues (salty, greasy, fried, smoked). It is advisable to grind foods before use.
To re-prevent the disease, doctors recommend:
- In the morning and in the evening, thoroughly brush your teeth and tongue. The final step should be rinsing the mouth with special tools.
- Timely treat all dental diseases.
- Do not eat foods that are allergens.
- Avoid getting into stressful situations.
- Minimize the likelihood of contact with infected people.
Parents need to monitor their children and from childhood to teach them to brush their teeth twice a day.
Finally
Stomatitis is an infectious disease. The course of the pathology is accompanied by the formation of sores on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, which deliver painful sensations. In babies, they are often localized in the larynx. Awareness of how to treat stomatitis in the throat in children does not mean that you need to do this yourself. Self-medication will never bring good results. If there are alarming signs, then it is necessary to show the baby to the dentist.