In modern dentistry, many new tools are used. One of them is suction cup dentures. They are used in the case when there are no teeth, and there is nothing to fix the inserted ones. This method is gentle and non-traumatic. The features of such a denture are described in the article.
Design
Products in fact do not include suction cups in the classical sense, prostheses are fixed on the suction cups due to the effect of the vacuum that is created between the mucosa and the structure. For its manufacture, elastic polymeric materials are used. To maximize the effect of suction, dentures on the suction cups are performed on the basis of a print of the jaw. Therefore, the product reproduces the surface of the gingival mucosa.
The side parts of the system are carefully designed. In areas where the jaw is in contact with the cheek or lip, the edges should overlap the transition area by 1-2 mm. Ready circular valve allows you to securely fix the prosthesis, sucking it to the gum. With it there is a blocking of the penetration of air under it.
Mount
Dentures on suction cups have 2 properties for high-quality fixation:
- Adhesiveness. The surface corresponds to the relief of the sky and gums, and between them there is a layer of saliva.
- Suction. This is ensured by the vacuum in the cavity between the structure and the mucosa.
Dentures on suction cups can be used both with an absolute absence of teeth and with a partial one. The upper jaw can hold the prosthesis better than the lower. This is due to its lower mobility and the wide free part of the sky. For the lower jaw, special glue is often used, since its mobility and tongue do not allow to fix the system qualitatively.
As the photo shows, the dentures on the suction cups are similar in appearance. But still they differ in materials. The design option should be chosen by the doctor. There are 3 types of raw materials that are used to make false teeth on suction cups.
Acrylic
This is a high-quality removable denture on suction cups. Acrylic plastic structures imitate the appearance of teeth and gums. They are made by injection molding. Inside the prosthesis is a silicone insert that evenly distributes the load during chewing. These products are durable, simple and inexpensive.
Although they have many positive qualities, acrylic dentures also have disadvantages:
- They contain poisonous acrylic methyl ether, which is considered an allergen.
- Due to mechanical stress, they are easily damaged.
- The porous structure leads to the development of pathogenic microflora, and this leads to bad breath.
Nylon
Complete dentures on suction cups of this type do not have hygroscopicity, which blocks the development of bacteria. They have elasticity, less traumatic for the mucosa, similar in appearance to real gums and teeth. Products are not stained, they stick well, are able to withstand large chewing loads, and have a long service life.
Nylon does not lead to allergies, and constructions from it are not installed even on weak gums. The minuses include:
- Cleansing is carried out using a special solution.
- Do not use a toothbrush for cleaning.
- If the product breaks, it must be replaced.
Polyurethane
Dentures for one tooth on a suction cup of this type create a flexible plastic, which is also called "dental". Products have elasticity, flexibility, they are perfectly attached to the jaw, are durable, durable, lack of hygroscopicity.
The material is hypoallergenic and cannot be deformed under heavy loads and elevated temperatures. The products have an affordable cost. Dentures are created on the entire gum and the sky or on its part. At the same time, the sky is left open without blocking access to the taste buds. This option is allowed only if you have several of your teeth.
What are better suction cup dentures? Each species has its pros and cons. Which option is preferable to use, should be determined by the doctor. Qualitative are silicone dentures on the suction cups, which is associated with them:
- hypoallergenic;
- comfortable wear;
- reliability of fastening;
- high esthetics;
- slight thickness;
- environmental friendliness;
- strength;
- resistance to coloring components, humidity;
- ultimate fit to soft tissues.
During installation, it is not necessary to grind adjacent teeth. According to users, such products are strong, convenient and durable.
Removable prostheses without a palate
Among dentures, there are designs without a palate. They are also called telescopic. They are presented in the form of butterflies, and installation occurs on teeth pre-coated with crowns. The base is metal, and the shell is made of acrylic with ceramic elements. Fastening is carried out by combining 2 crowns - on the tooth and the installed product.
The advantages of structures without a sky include the following nuances:
- lack of a gag reflex;
- there will be no dry mouth;
- no harm to jaw tissue;
- sock period - over 10 years;
- can be repaired and restored;
- uniform distribution of chewing load.
Among the shortcomings, a high price and the need for turning the supporting teeth are distinguished. Designs are long established and require careful hygiene.
Indications
Judging by the reviews, dentures on suction cups with proper installation can last a long time. At the same time, they can be used only with complete or partial loss of your teeth. The reason for the absence may be injuries, illnesses, indications for removal.
Contraindications
It is important to know when these structures cannot be installed. It is forbidden to do this in case of damage or inflammation of the mucous membrane of the gums. Almost all contraindications are considered temporary, and after recovery, the structures can be easily established.
Installation procedure
Before installing dentures on suction cups without a palate, the doctor performs a gum impression. This print creates the desired product from a suitable material.
Then a specialist checks the reliability of the product, its fit. At this time, the patient can learn how the prosthesis is fixed. Installation is carried out independently at home.
Care
Removable dentures can be worn constantly, you just need to remove them for cleansing. This is for comfort. It is necessary to store products in special containers. Care is required the same as for your teeth. It is advisable to brush them 2 times. It is good that it be special, because it allows you to perform care for the base and teeth. For procedures, classic toothpaste is used.
Every 5-7 days, it is necessary to place the product in a disinfectant. This is drinking water with pills. The prosthesis is soaked in it for several hours or at night. Every six months, false teeth should be checked by a specialist to monitor their integrity. If there are problems, it is necessary to adjust the prosthesis or carry out restoration.
Service life extension
Usually, a guarantee is provided for the prosthesis, according to which replacement with a new one is possible. This is allowed only subject to the rules of socks. But there are recommendations to extend the life of the prosthesis:
- You need to brush every day.
- Disinfection should be carried out every week.
- It is important to prevent bumps and injuries to the jaw.
- You need to visit your dentist regularly.
Advantages and disadvantages
All prosthetics options have their advantages and disadvantages. The positive aspects are as follows:
- Aesthetics - designs are able to repeat all the bends of the gums and teeth, as well as the natural color.
- Comfort of use because dentures are flexible.
- Affordable price.
- Easy to adapt.
- Safety of construction eliminates trauma to the tongue, cheeks, gums.
- Products cannot rub, after adaptation there is no discomfort.
- High wear resistance.
- Providing quality chewing and speech function.
Of the minuses distinguish:
- Insecurity of fixation on the lower jaw.
- The allergenicity of the materials that make up the prosthesis.
- The need for a special brush for high-quality cleansing.
- At first, a gag reflex appears.
Requirements
To ensure that the operation is comfortable, it is necessary to check that the prosthesis meets the list of requirements:
- Lack of details that lead to allergies.
- Correspondence of the contours of the plug-in product to the anatomical surface of the jaw structure.
- Preservation of the function of taste receptors, which partially impair functionality if the product is not created correctly.
- Lack of body pressure on the gum tissue, leading to subsidence.
If such violations appear, the design must be replaced. This work should be carried out by a specialist.
Durability
If previously inserted jaws easily broke, then thanks to modern technologies, the service life is significantly increased. Due to the great softness and reduced weight, the reliability and durability of the products increased.
Approximately every 6 months, you need to visit a specialist who checks the condition of the prosthesis. This prevention significantly extends the service life. Periodically it is necessary to carry out correction. If you follow the simple rules of care and maintenance, the false jaw can last more than 5 years.
Dentures can break. Common causes of breakdowns include:
- A mechanical load that exceeds the norm. Artificial products are not as durable as their teeth. Therefore, do not gnaw hard products or open something with them. This always causes a breakdown.
- Disruption of operation and lack of proper care.
- A manufacturing flaw that was not identified immediately. Often this is due to a defect in casting or fixing of individual parts. In the future, this problem will lead to breakdown.
In many situations, repairs are allowed. At a cost it is more profitable compared to ordering a new one. Therefore, it is necessary to contact the dental workshop in which the design was ordered. Do not save on the purchase of this product, since the price affects the quality.
Denture repair is considered more profitable than manufacturing and installation. If the product was already in use and the gums are used to it, then with a slight breakdown, you need to order a new kit.
Cost
The price of the product includes material for the gums, fixtures, set of teeth. Additional materials may be required. The cost increases due to the individual structural features that need additional materials, or because of the complexity of the work.
Nylon prostheses are created in other countries, so they are more expensive at a price. The cost of acrylic dentures for 1 jaw is in the range of 15-20 thousand rubles. The price for nylon products is 18-25 thousand rubles. Single dentures based on nylon for 1-2 teeth cost 12-16 thousand rubles.
Although the cost of prostheses is quite high, with their installation it will be possible to eliminate problems with chewing function. It will also improve the appearance and provide comfort.