When children begin to study the concept of the solar system, they are aware of the fact that all the planets "circle" around the sun, for them this process can be difficult and overwhelming. However, the child can better learn these principles if you make a visual aid. Of course, it will be better and more pleasant if parents with their son or daughter make their own models of the solar system. Although many mothers and fathers do not consider this necessary and buy ready-made models.
Solar System: General Information
Planet Earth makes one revolution every year around the center of the solar system - the Sun. All planets revolve around the "center" of the universe for a certain amount of time. For example, Mercury will “go around” the Sun in 88 Earth days, and Uranus in 84 Earth years. There are 8 planets in our system: Mercury, followed by Venus, then Earth, followed by Mars, followed by Jupiter, then Saturn, followed by Uranus, then Neptune. Each of them, together with meteors, satellites, comets, dust or gas formations, is an integral element of the solar system. The planets closest to the Sun are very hard due to constant high temperature. As you move away from the star, the temperature gradually decreases.
Features of some planets
The smallest planet in size is Mercury. This galaxy object is located closest to the Sun. Because of this, the atmosphere is completely burned out. Moreover, on the light side, the temperature reaches + 430 °, and on the dark - -170 °.
Of particular interest is Saturn with its rings. This planet has a three-layer atmosphere. Saturn's rings are made of rocks and ice. On the surface of the planet, the temperature reaches -150 °.
To understand the principle of the "work" of our "microgalaxy", we can make models of the solar system in one of the ways. So you can decorate the interior and make a great visual aid.
Option number 1. How to complete the reconstruction of the solar system
To create the solar system will require:
- circle cut out of cardboard (diameter about 30 cm);
- scissors;
- a simple pencil;
- colored paper;
- fishing line;
- Scotch;
- colored pencils and felt-tip pens;
- compass.
Step 1. In the center of the cardboard circle, draw two perpendicular lines. The intersection of these diameters will serve as the anchor point of the Sun.
Step 2. Using the compass, the parent or baby must draw 8 circles of different diameters, which will serve as orbits. It should be noted that 4 orbits should be closer to the Sun. Then leave a gap for the asteroids. Then follow the "home" for the rest of the planets. After drawing the orbits, you need to make holes in the cardboard with scissors. One of the holes should be in the center. The rest in a chaotic manner, one hole in each orbit.
Step 3. From colored paper of a suitable color, you need to cut out the planets and the Sun. On each circle cut out, you can write the names of the planets.
Step 4. Using tape, you need to attach the fishing line to the objects. The free end of the line with duct tape is attached to the outside of the large cardboard circle. The planets are in this sequence, starting from the one closest to the Sun: the first is Mercury, the second is Venus, the third is Earth, the fourth is Mars, the fifth is Jupiter, the sixth is Saturn, the seventh is Uranus, the eighth is Neptune.
Step 5. The length of the fishing line can be adjusted to your liking. After the planets are fixed, you need to suspend a model of the solar system, made by yourself, using three connected pieces of fishing line of the same length with one longer segment with a ring. The model is ready.
Option number 2. How to complete the reconstruction of the solar system
To create a 3d model of the solar system, you need to prepare the following materials:
- a large ball of foam;
- 9 bamboo skewers;
- 9 balls made of foam plastic;
- duct tape;
- scissors or knife;
- ruler;
- marker;
- paints, pins, fishing line;
- paper.
Step 1. Cut strips of duct tape, sign them with the name of each of the planets and the Sun.
Step 2. Prepare 9 bamboo skewers of different lengths:
- I - 2.5 inches = 6.35 cm;
- II - 4 inches = 10.16 cm;
- III - 5 inches = 12.7 cm;
- IV - 6 inches = 15.24 cm;
- V - 7 inches = 17.78 cm;
- VI - 8 inches = 20.32 cm;
- VII - 10 inches = 25.04 cm;
- VIII - 11.5 inches = 29.21 cm;
- IX - 14 inches = 25.56 cm.
Step 3. Paint the prepared foam balls with paints in accordance with the color of the planet: the Sun (the largest ball) is yellow, the Earth is green and blue, Mars is red, etc. Wait for the paint to dry completely.
Step 4. Paste the signed pieces of duct tape on the dried balls.
Step 5. Attach the 2.5-inch skewer to the Sun, and attach Mercury to the other end. Then in the same way other planets are fixed in the correct order.
Step 6. You can tie up the created system by attaching a pin and fishing line to the model of the solar system.
OK it's all over Now. You can create various models of the solar system from numerous materials. The main thing is to give free rein to imagination and study literature.
Another similar model made from papier-mâché.
Several examples of solar system models made by hand are shown in the photographs below.
These images show that you do not need to be seven spans in the forehead to make a visual, convenient and simply beautiful reconstruction of the solar system.