The structure, made of aerated concrete, has its own design features that require increased attention when arranging it. When making a ceiling in a house from aerated concrete, it must be borne in mind that this material is quite light and mobile. Therefore, heavy beams in such a house categorically do not fit, and the best option is a wooden floor. Such a frame will exert a minimum load on the bearing walls, which guarantees subsequent stability of the blocks and the absence of cracks on the walls.
The advantages of wood flooring
In addition to light weight, the wooden floor has a number of other positive characteristics:
- It is an absolutely environmentally friendly material.
- The cost of the floor made of wood is much lower than the frame of other materials.
- To install a wooden floor in a house from aerated concrete with your own hands is quite simple and with due diligence, even a novice in construction can do it. In addition, the work will take very little time and will not require the use of special equipment.
Wood is a “breathing” material, which is very important for proper humidity and air circulation in the room, and even if only the floors are made of such raw materials, this will significantly improve the microclimate in the rooms.
Wood deficiencies
Unfortunately, in addition to the advantages of wood, there are also disadvantages, which also need to be taken into account when making the floor in the house from aerated concrete.
First of all, this material is fire hazard, which dictates certain requirements for observing safety measures in such a house.
Overlapping conducts sounds pretty well, therefore, during installation, it is necessary to lay additional sound insulation.
Wood is very susceptible to excessive humidity and does not like temperature changes, under the influence of which it changes its characteristics. This point should also be considered during construction.
Wood is not a durable material, therefore, when making wooden floors of a house from aerated concrete, it is necessary to install a sufficient number of load-bearing elements.
Preparation for the manufacture of the floor frame
Before starting work, it is necessary to prepare the material itself for the manufacture of the frame and the walls of the house. The fact is that aerated concrete is not a particularly strong material that does not tolerate compressive loads, so it must be reinforced without fail.
This is especially important for interfloor frames, which include a wooden floor in the house of aerated concrete with a basement. Such grounds bear not only the weight of the materials used in construction, but also the load from the furniture installed in the house, and the people living in it. In this case, the ceilings experience both vertical and horizontal loads, which subsequently exert their influence on aerated concrete walls.
Reinforcement of walls made of aerated concrete
Aerated concrete blocks, simply planted on a mortar or special glue, do not always withstand the tensile load, and therefore perform wall reinforcement. Moreover, this event is better to carry out not only immediately before installing a wooden floor in the house of aerated concrete, but also in the process of erecting walls every 4 rows of installed blocks. In addition, such a procedure will prevent the interaction of wooden beams with the material of the blocks.
The beams will subsequently be attached to the reinforcing belt using special anti-corrosion plates. In order to perform reinforcement, in the surface of the blocks grooves are cut in the size of 12x12 mm, into which the reinforcement is laid. In the case of the use of cement mortar, reinforcement is also allowed in the walls and in the joints.
Wood processing
In addition to preparing the walls, it is necessary to compensate for all the shortcomings of wood raw materials. Before making a wooden floor in a house from aerated concrete, it is necessary to treat the material with special impregnations that prevent rot, mold and mildew, as well as reduce moisture absorption. All these funds can be purchased at a building materials store or use the old methods of antiseptic processing. For example, use bitumen or mastic as a waterproofing and antiseptic. It is also recommended that the material be coated with wood fire prevention products.
Mounting Features
The specific characteristics of wood determine some design decisions in the manufacture of flooring.
First of all, all load-bearing elements are reinforced with metal; for this, all joints in the ceilings are fixed to each other with stainless plates. If the room area is large enough, you must add additional elements such as columns or girders.
The thickness of the beams is calculated depending on the planned load, plus 15-20% in reserve.
Depending on the span, the type of wood used and the load on the wooden floor in the house of aerated concrete, the distance between the load-bearing beams is calculated. In this case, the rule is observed: the larger the span, the more often it is necessary to install beams. This is necessary to exclude the deflection of the beam under its own and associated weight.
Installation of support beams
Installation of load-bearing crossbars is perhaps the most important work, on which the reliability and durability of the entire floor structure will subsequently depend.
In order to install the beams, special niches are cut out in the blocks of their aerated concrete, in which the crossbars will be laid. The end of the beam is cut at an angle of 75 degrees, and the cut is treated with any available antiseptic. After that, the end of the crossbar is waterproofed with bitumen or mastic and wrapped with roofing felt.
The beam is laid in grooves on the walls, which also need to be insulated with mineral wool or polystyrene foam, this will prevent moisture from the wood. In this case, a gap of 3 cm is observed between the end of the crossbar and the walls of the niche.
After the final installation of the beam in place of the gap in the grooves, fill with polyurethane sealant or a special solution.
Very long crossbars, over 4.5 m, when bent, can destroy the lower part of the niche, therefore, a 5 mm chamfer is made along the edge.
Arrangement of a run and laying of a heater
Wooden flooring in the house of aerated concrete (photo below) requires the obligatory installation of hydro and thermal insulation. Initially, cross members are made to secure the skin. As a rule, use blocks of 50x50 mm in size, on top of which boards from boards are fixed.
At the bottom of the bars, they are sheathing the ceiling, while most often used drywall or chipboard. These materials also have a small weight, and subsequent processing of such a coating is most preferred during finishing work.
Slabs of mineral wool or more modern insulation - polystyrene foam, which performs the dual function of not only warming, but also noise canceling, are laid out from above the shields from above.
Typically, the thickness of the insulation is about 10 cm, but when performing the overlap between the attic and the floor, as well as in the case of an unheated basement, the height of the insulation must be increased to 20 cm. If mineral wool is used, vapor barrier is additionally performed, which prevents the material from moistening and prevents condensation. In the case of the use of expanded polystyrene, this step can be skipped - this material itself is an excellent waterproofing agent.
Logs are laid on top of the insulation with an interval of 50-70 cm, and a floorboard is mounted on them. At the same time, the gap between the insulation and the boards should not be filled with anything, it is necessary for high-quality circulation of air masses, which will prevent the appearance of fungus and mold on the finishing coating.