Humanistic pedagogy is a direction that involves bridging the gap and establishing harmony between scientific knowledge, worldview, and practice.
Many humanists were convinced that the transfer of knowledge from one generation to another allows the development of a patriotic personality.
We analyze the development of humanistic pedagogy, note the specifics of this area.
Specifics of education
There is no need to conduct special experiments in order to understand that sitting at a computer monitor leads to becoming an intellectually limited person.
Modern humanistic pedagogy pays particular attention to ethical, value-based education. P. Kurtz believed that the goal of ethical education is twofold:
- the formation in the younger generation of a personal principle that allows them to think independently, apply moral rules not only in relation to themselves, but also to other people;
- nurturing ethical development opportunities, as well as developing critical research skills.
Value basis
The basic principles of humanistic pedagogy are the application of civil law, moral, environmental, legal norms in the upbringing of the younger generation. The center of gravity is transferred to the instrumental and methodological component of the educational process, to the methods of joint activity of the child and the teacher. The concept of humanistic pedagogy is to develop skills of self-organization, self-knowledge.
Principles
The fundamentals of humanistic pedagogy are based on three principles:
- scientific, objective, impartiality;
- self-determination and self-regulation;
- explanations.
Achieving scientificness, impartiality, objectivity is a complex procedure for cleaning the pedagogical process from suggestion, imposing on the students a system of atheistic, religious views, political convictions. This process is not always possible, because the teacher has his own point of view, has certain emotions.
The atmosphere of the educational process itself is to some extent imbued with ideological approaches, so it takes a lot of effort for the teacher to fully observe freedom of opinion and conscience.
Process specifics
Self-determination and self-regulation involve the transfer of education in the inner world of the child. Humanistic pedagogy in education involves students mastering the algorithms of intellectual, psychological, intellectual, value motivation, self-esteem. All these actions are associated with personal creativity, the independent development of their intellect and consciousness.
Importance does not lie in the content of certain academic disciplines, but in the transfer of skills, working methods, and self-development; that is, the overall effectiveness of life is important.
The main task
It consists in awakening in a pupil a craving for independence and self-knowledge.
The humanistic approach in pedagogy is the process of educating a humane, positive-minded person who is able to make free, meaningful, responsible choices in all areas of social and cultural life.
The most critical component of the pedagogical process is the one offering the explanation. Its essence lies in explaining to students the legality, grounds, psychological and moral correctness of the procedures and methods of training and education.
The humanistic approach in pedagogy is the explanation by the teacher of any question asked by the child, without infringement and insult to his personality.
Ethics of humanism
This approach is associated with a complete rejection of any political, religious, ideological burdens. All representatives of humanistic pedagogy noted the importance of personal self-development. Such an approach does not mean recognition by the humanistic pedagogy of arbitrariness and anarchy. Given that the child lives in society, he is obliged to comply with generally accepted ethical and civil requirements.
Humanistic pedagogy is a direction in which free, meaningful, voluntary compliance with moral and legal norms is supposed, which allows the child to become a worthy citizen of the country.
Classical pedagogy did not take into account the individuality of children, did not allow them to fully show their creative abilities.
Humanistic pedagogy is a direction that allows us to overcome the student’s alienation from himself, his needs and abilities. In the framework of this approach, each pupil’s ethical principles are tested in specific situations and allow the formation of a unique life experience.
When discussing value problems, the teacher should use the personal experience of children, enrich their inner world.
At present, humanistic pedagogy is a constructive ethical alternative that is capable of ensuring the stability of the individual in complex social, psychological, and legal problems. In her spirit, she opposes dogmatism and irrationalism.
Distinctive features
It encourages the individual to self-understanding of values. Humanism, unrelated to political and religious doctrines, allows the formation of democratic thinking in the younger generation.
Humanists believe that education should be open and independent. The child gets the opportunity to study all the achievements of culture, get acquainted with alternative ethnic, philosophical, aesthetic systems, learns to analyze social theories, the history of all countries of the world. From the proposed system of ideas, the child should independently choose the one that fully corresponds to his inclinations and basic needs.
Important Aspects of the Issue
Humanistic pedagogy is an objective presentation of a certain material to pupils, not accompanied by the imposition of a teacher’s position on them. Children must see with their own eyes the beauty of life, fill it with meaning and inspiration.
The purpose of the teacher is to help comprehend certain ethical principles. He should not force them into the consciousness of his students.
Personal qualities of a humanist educator
The teacher must be as correct as possible, demonstrate neutrality in relation to political, religious values. The correctness of a humanist educator consists in respecting the dignity of children and encouraging their creative initiatives.
Such pedagogy opens up maximum opportunities for freedom and development; it does not imply enslavement of schoolchildren by strict norms. Its main task is to provide assistance to the individual, familiarizing the growing citizen with true human values, his timely help and support.
Significance and relevance
Humanistic pedagogy teaches the child creativity, freedom, responsibility, independence. The child does not have to give up a specific goal, way of thinking, idea, ideals. Such an educational technique contributes to the formation of a relaxed, responsible, free person, this has a positive effect on the emotional and intellectual climate in the team.
In the process of education, internal assimilation, processing of humanistic values and norms of behavior takes place, which contributes to the adaptation of the younger generation in a social society.
The main purpose
Humanistic pedagogy considers one of its main tasks to overcome small problems, to concentrate the attention of the child on serious and relevant issues. Those insignificant problems that arise due to a lack of understanding of some phenomenon, loss of ethical standards, can be missed in the traditional methodology of education. Humanistic education focuses not only on the simple transfer of information, but also on its detailed study at an emotional level.
In the process of conducting various classes, developing universal skills in the framework of laboratory workshops, schoolchildren recognize the importance of the individual, the teacher acts as a mentor or tutor within the framework of such a concept. It helps the pupil to build his own educational and developing trajectory.
In order to identify creative and intellectual abilities and opportunities, teachers, together with psychologists, organize diagnostic work aimed at identifying giftedness.
Education of patriotism
The purpose of humanistic pedagogy is to overcome indifference, nihilism, infantilism in the younger generation of Russians. To solve these complex problems in primary school, as well as in the middle classes, special local history courses are introduced.
Such innovations became possible after the introduction of the second generation of federal standards in the Russian educational system.
As part of the course, the guys not only get acquainted with the historical roots of their region, get information about prominent people, but also get the opportunity to demonstrate their creative abilities. For example, they are invited to the creative project "The history of my family in the history of the country."
Pupils collect information about their ancestors, acquaint with the material of classmates, teachers. A study in which they can attract their parents also contributes to the formation of communication skills, the development of patriotism and citizenship.
GEF of the new generation involve the implementation of systematic design and research activities as an indispensable element of all subject areas. This allows teachers to create optimal conditions for their pupils to reveal their intellectual and creative potential. Humanistic pedagogy has become the main one for the development of not only curricula, but also the creation of educational additional programs.
If teachers used a monologue when explaining teaching material, now a full-fledged contact is being established between the teacher and the class, which has a positive effect on the emotional state of children. They become more relaxed, confident, self-reliant people, proud of their country, their people.