A private house differs from an apartment not only in its construction and dimensions, but also in communication systems. They are developed in each case individually and may even have their own specific input. Therefore, the question of how to make a water pipe in a private house with your own hands is often asked even by experienced craftsmen when they are faced with solving certain problems.
Choose material
When it comes to talking about similar types of work, the question often arises of which pipes to choose. The fact is that the modern building materials market offers the buyer an extensive selection of different systems that have different characteristics and their own installation method. Therefore, when making the plumbing in a private house with their own hands, they primarily choose the material.
Glued pipes
This type of material is considered one of the cheapest in terms of acquiring the system and its installation. This is due to the fact that all fittings for such structures are made in the same way as the pipes themselves. The price of connecting elements can reach one hundred and fifty rubles, but this is if you take complex elements, when the cost of the glue itself usually does not exceed 1500 rubles.
Some masters do not trust such systems, although their strength and reliability have long established themselves among specialists. These pipes hold pressure very well, have a service life of about 50 years and are very easy to install.
Copper products
This type of material has been used for a long time and has proved to be one of the most reliable and durable. However, the installation method, which involves soldering using special solder, greatly reduces the practicality of such a pipe. The price of 450-500 rubles per kilogram also does not make this material particularly popular.
It is worth noting that such pipes need additional insulation and strict adherence to all installation rules. However, until recently, they were considered the most reliable and durable. Modern masters rarely select them, and in most cases this is due to the personal desire of the customer.
Stainless steel
Such products can not boast of their practicality or value. If you do the water distribution in a private house with your own hands, then it will be very difficult to use such structures, due to the presence of a large number of drives and the problem of organizing connections. Also, for these systems, it is worth using fittings from the corresponding metal to eliminate the occurrence of problems in these places.
To date, this material is used only in production or, if possible, get it for free. However, the installation process itself, which involves threading on each run and exact compliance with all sizes, almost completely reduces all the advantages of such pipes to zero.
Soldered plastic pipes
At the moment, we can say that this material ideally combines a relatively low cost and good quality. It is perfect for both internal water supply and outdoor work. It all depends on the brand of the selected product and its parameters incorporated in the manufacture.
Mounting such systems is quite simple, but for this you need to have a special tool. However, it is not necessary to purchase it, as many sellers rent it out for making a large purchase as a discount or for a nominal fee. This significantly reduces the cost of installation, allowing even beginners to make it.
The principle of soldering is that with the help of a soldering iron and special nozzles, both parts of the joint are heated to a certain temperature. Then they are simply made together and held for the time required for cooling. The result is an almost monolithic compound at the molecular level.
Plastic pipes
It is believed that when making the water supply in a private house with their own hands, this type of pipe is the most optimal. The fact is that for their assembly it is not necessary to have a special tool, since it is made using a special fitting that uses the method of crimp couplings. In this case, the finished connection can withstand quite a lot of pressure.
The cost of the pipes themselves is usually low, but the fitting that you need to use with them can be very expensive. Some masters prefer to save on the connecting elements of such systems, acquiring cheaper models, but this should not be done. When working with such pipes, saving is not recommended.
Black metal
Such pipes are almost never used. They have a short life, are highly susceptible to corrosion and need constant care. Therefore, most often they are used in specific industries or as a temporary pipeline.
Design
Before starting all work, a water supply wiring diagram is created. It should include arrangement of the input, distribution of pipes in the rooms and their supply to the points of use. Quite often, on such plans, the sewage system is also displayed.
Enter
If you are talking about a private house, then you must immediately determine where the water will come from. In this case, several methods for solving such problems, which depend on the technical conditions, are usually used.
- Most often, such structures are connected to their own well. At the same time, they use a submersible pump for water supply and a whole system of additional equipment installed both in the well itself and in the house.
- In some cases, a water main is already running near the site, to which you just need to make a connection. However, it’s worth mentioning right away that such work should be performed by the corresponding services on whose balance sheet this equipment is located. However, they may require the creation of an additional connection project performed by their masters.
- Another method of organizing the water supply suggests that a conventional water pump will be used, which draws liquid from a certain depth. This also implies the availability of additional equipment in the form of filters, accumulator valves and shut-off valves.
It is important to remember that either input specialists or people with relevant skills and knowledge must create input projects. This creates a separate documentation with detailed drawings and a description of the elements that will be used during installation. It should also be said that the entry into the house is best done underground, placing the pipe below the level of freezing of the soil.
Water heating systems
When installing new devices for heating the liquid, an insert is usually made into the water supply. However, if the design will be created from the very beginning, then the project should immediately display all the necessary connections with the subsequent routing of hot water pipes. At this point, it is very important to follow certain wiring rules that apply to specific types of heaters and are indicated in their instructions.
Given these circumstances, experts recommend first determining the type of equipment that will be used and only after that do the wiring. The same applies to the principle of installing other plumbing equipment.
General rules and principles of installation
Some novice masters believe that the layout of the water pipes is arbitrary, and sometimes it is just enough to draw the highway along the shortest path from the source to the point of use. However, this approach creates a lot of problems during operation, which significantly reduce the quality of the finished structure and can affect the decoration of the room and the microclimate in it. Therefore, it is important to adhere to certain installation rules.
- First of all, you need to try to avoid a large number of different compounds or inserts. Ideally, it is recommended to use a collector wiring diagram, where a separate pipe goes to each device.
- The diameter of the water supply can only be reduced to maintain the required pressure. A wide pipe is usually placed only if necessary to optimize the system with a pump or create a collector.
- The cold and hot branch should be at a certain distance from each other to avoid condensation. Usually enough 8-10 cm, but it is desirable to insulate both pipes.
- To avoid a large number of intersections of both branches, a cold water line is drawn from above.
- If you make a hidden arrangement of pipes, then they should not be completely muiruyut into walls or floors. It can also cause condensation, fungus and mold.
- When an insert is made into the water supply, it is best to use special clamps that are mounted on a pre-made hole. This is much easier than cutting the pipe and installing a separate connecting element.
Mounting options
When making a home water supply, it is important to decide how it will be installed. First of all, choose a closed or open type of wiring, as well as serial or collector installation. In order to better understand which option to choose, it is worth considering their advantages and disadvantages.
Collector wiring
- Creates uniform pressure in a water supply system and completely excludes differences.
- Significantly reduces the use of connecting elements, which increases the reliability of the system.
- It makes it possible to disconnect individual sources of consumption, which is very convenient in a large private house during repair or maintenance.
- When using several sources of consumption at once, there are no differences in cold and hot water, which often causes a lot of discomfort when taking a shower or washing dishes.
- Such a system can hardly be called economical both in materials and in installation. However, the mass of positive qualities reduces this drawback to zero.
Sequential installation
The only advantage of such a wiring diagram is its simplicity and large savings on materials. However, a large number of connecting elements and serial connection of consumption sources make the system not the most reliable and practical. At the same time, it is quite suitable for implementation in a small apartment or a private house with a small ratio of installation points.
External wiring
Such a water supply system assumes that the pipes will be fixed on the walls or ceiling, over the finish. Therefore, they can not only be seen, but also get easy access during repair or maintenance. Also, such installation can be called one of the most economical and fast.
The main disadvantage of such a system can be called the fact that it greatly spoils the appearance of the room. It also takes a certain place and interferes with the arrangement of interior items. Given this, in small rooms they try to refuse it.
Hidden wiring
Some craftsmen try to connect the water supply so that all of its pipes are hidden in the walls or ceiling. In this case, you can make special boxes or make a recess in the wall in the form of a stroba. However, the second method is most suitable for places of direct connection to the point of operation.
This technique almost always leads to additional costs, because even with the redevelopment of the premises, you will additionally have to purchase or produce inspection hatches and make air gaps. This technology also involves the use of additional thermal insulation to reduce the effect of pipes on each other or on the walls.
Recommendations of specialists
- It will be much more convenient to draw up a wiring plan for the whole house if you use a floor plan with an indication of the dimensions for this. If it is not there, then the manufacturing process begins with it.
- You need to purchase all the materials necessary for installation with a small margin. At the same time, it is worth immediately agreeing with the seller that unused fittings and uncut pipes can be returned.
- If copper pipes are involved, then it is worth purchasing a heater of the desired diameter in advance, and preferably from the same manufacturer. This point is very important to consider even at the stage of budgeting, so that there are no unforeseen expenses.
- Quite often, when creating a water supply system, it is necessary to install a meter. Moreover, these products have their own special types of joints of a certain diameter. Given this, you need to take care in advance of purchasing the necessary adapters and a coarse filter, which is also included in the system and is mandatory.
- It is advisable to immediately apply to the installation diagram and the location of the sewer. This will help to avoid a lot of problems during the manufacturing process, since both of these systems are almost always located nearby, and you need to make sure that they do not interfere with each other.
- Adhesive pipes are recommended to be checked under pressure only the day after installation. Soldered products can be put into operation almost immediately after the joints have cooled down.