Each owner of the house faces important issues when heating. What type of radiator to choose? How to calculate the number of radiator sections? If the house is built for you by professional staff, they will help to correctly perform the calculations so that the distribution of heating batteries in the building is rational. However, this procedure can be carried out independently. The formulas necessary for this can be found in the article below.
Types of radiators
Today, there are such types of batteries for heating: bimetallic, steel, aluminum and cast iron. Also, radiators are divided into panel, sectional, convector, tubular, as well as design radiators. Their choice depends on the coolant, the technical capabilities of the heating system and the financial ability of the home owner. How to calculate the number of radiator sections per room? It does not depend on the type of heating battery. In this case, only one indicator is taken into account - radiator power.
Calculation Methods
In order for the heating system in the room to work efficiently and in winter it was warm and comfortable, you need to carefully calculate the number of sections of the heating radiator. For this, the following calculation methods are used:
- Standard - is based on the provisions of SNiP, according to which heating 1m 2 will require a power of 100 watts. The calculation is carried out using the formula: S x 100 / P, where P is the power of the compartment, S is the area of the selected room.
- Approximate - for heating 1.8 m 2 of an apartment with ceilings, 2.5 m high, you will need one radiator section.
- Volumetric method - heating power 41 W is taken per 1m 3 . The width, height and length of the room are taken into account.
How many radiators are needed for the whole house
How to calculate the number of radiator sections per apartment or house? The calculation for each room is carried out separately. According to the standard, the thermal power per 1m 3 of the volume of the room, which has one door, window and external wall, is considered to be 41 watts.
If the house or apartment is “cold”, with thin walls, has many windows, the attic is not insulated in the house , and the apartment is on the first or last floor, then for their heating you need 47 W per 1 m 3 , not 41 W. For a house built of modern materials using different insulation for walls, floors, ceilings, with metal-plastic windows. you can take 30 watts.
To replace cast-iron radiators, there is the simplest calculation method: you need to multiply their number by 150 W, the resulting number is the power of new devices. When purchasing aluminum or bimetallic batteries for replacement, the calculation is carried out in the ratio: one pig-iron edge to one aluminum.
Rules for calculating the number of branches
How to calculate the number of radiator sections per room? To do this, you must adhere to the following rules:
- An increase in radiator power occurs: if the room is end-face and has one window - by 20%; with two windows - by 30%; windows facing north also require an increase of another 10%; battery installation under the window - 5%; closing the heater with a decorative screen - by 15%.
- The power required for heating can be calculated by multiplying the size of the room area (in m 2 ) by 100 watts.
Tips for installing radiators
The manufacturer indicates the specific power in the product passport, which makes it possible to calculate the proper number of sections. Do not forget that the heat transfer is affected by the power of a single section, not the size of the radiator. Therefore, the placement and installation of several small appliances in a room is more effective than the installation of one large one. The incoming heat from different sides will warm it evenly.
Calculation of the number of bimetallic battery compartments
How to reliably calculate the number of sections of a bimetallic radiator per room? For this, the following initial data are needed:
- The dimensions of the room and the number of windows in it.
- The location of a particular room.
- Presence of open apertures, arches and doors.
- The heat transfer power of each section indicated by the manufacturer in the passport.
Computing Stages
How to calculate the number of radiator sections if all the necessary data is recorded? To do this, determine the area, calculating in meters the derivatives of the width and height of the room. Using the formula S = L x W, the joint area of adjacent rooms is calculated if they have open openings or arches.
Next, calculate the total thermal power of the batteries (P = S x 100), using a power of 100 W to heat one m 2 . Then, the proper number of sections is calculated (n = P / Pc) by dividing the total thermal power by the heat transfer of one section indicated in the passport.
Depending on the location of the premises, the calculation of the required number of compartments of the bimetallic device is made taking into account the correction factors: 1.3 - for the corner; using a coefficient of 1.1 - for the first and last floors; 1,2 - used for two windows; 1,5 - three or more windows.
Example:
Calculation of sections of the battery in the end room, located on the first floor of the house and having 2 windows. The dimensions of the room are 5 x 5 m. The heat dissipation of one section is 190 W.
- Calculate the area of the room: S = 5 x 5 = 25 m 2 .
- We calculate the thermal power in general: P = 25 x 100 = 2500 W.
- We carry out the calculation of the necessary sections: n = 2500/190 = 13.6. We round up, we get 14. We take into account the correction factors n = 14 x 1.3 x 1.2 x 1.1 = 24.024.
- We divide the sections into two batteries and install them under the windows.
We hope that the information presented in the article will tell you how to calculate the number of radiator sections for a home. To do this, use the formulas and conduct a relatively accurate calculation. It is important to choose the right power section that is suitable for your heating system.
If you yourself cannot calculate the required number of batteries for your home, it is best to seek the help of specialists. They will perform a competent calculation, taking into account all the factors affecting the efficiency of the installed heating appliances, which will provide heat in the house in the cold season.