Many modern cars from the factory come with full power accessories. And one of the functions available is closing and opening the trunk or the rear door. On old cars, there are no such amenities, but any motorist can make an electric trunk trunk with his own hands. It is worth noting that opening is much easier to implement than closing. To do this, it is enough to put more powerful springs or shock absorbers. But to implement the closing function, you need to install an electric drive.
Ways to implement an electric drive
In total, there are two types of trunk lid drive: pneumatic and electric. The first seems more complicated due to the fact that it has a compressor, a receiver, and the air is constantly under pressure. The cost of such structures is quite high, but they do not occupy reliability. Such mechanisms should be monitored as closely as possible, because high pressure affects the elements of the device.
Opening and closing the trunk should be carried out in several ways at once. It is recommended to put the button on the dashboard or driver's door. In parallel with this button, you can set a relay controlled by an alarm or a remote central lock. On sale you can find various devices for the implementation of opening and closing doors. On car alarms and remote central locks, there are several backup channels that are connected to the drive buttons by controlling the trunk lid opening. But this will be discussed in more detail below.
The benefits of an electric drive
This is not to say that this device is a novelty, since such designs have been used in industry for many years. True, the dimensions are larger there, and the management is somewhat different. The main advantage of the drive is that it is mounted together with the main fixed lock. Therefore, the possibility of hacking by intruders is excluded.
Opening is realized quite simply - with the help of a central locking drive and a button. The drive opens the trunk lock, and due to the springs, it goes to the upper position. But the closing function is a little more difficult to implement - you need to put an electric motor or a pneumatic system, limit switches, rods to drive the trunk lid.
Features of electric drive
The design has many different elements, they are important for the operation of the drive. Most often, systems based on an electric motor are used. They are practical, hardy, reliable. Sometimes you can find designs for opening the trunk lid with drives on magnetic plates. These are complex mechanisms with which there will be much more problems. As for the installation of old VAZ cars, it is better to refrain from this. These machines are not intended for use with such a device.
Without much effort, you can install the electric trunk in your own hands. But approach with special attention to the choice of equipment and control options. The standard type of control is the installation of buttons in the cabin. To open or close the trunk remotely, you will have to buy an additional control unit and properly connect it to the drives. If there is no experience in installing electricians, then it is better to give all these matters to the hands of professionals.
First installation option
In order to implement the design, two methods can be used. And the very first one is the purchase of standard products designed to power the trunk. It is best to take with a margin. The components of the system must be strengthened, the materials used for their manufacture are of only high quality. Of course, the cost of such a kit will be rather big, but you will be sure that it will serve you for many years and will not break at the most inopportune moment. The presence of an inertial mechanism is welcome, since it is with its help that the drive will be switched off if there is an obstacle to the movement of the trunk lid.
Second way to implement
And the second method is the most interesting - you assemble and install all the components of the trunk lock electric drive yourself. At the same time, we use partially ready-made elements. As a rule, many motorists install electric drives made on the basis of some standard mechanism. It is imperative to use inertial mechanisms so that if there is an obstacle to the trunk, the motor will not fail.
When using a simple motor, it will fail if there is an obstacle - voltage will continue to be applied to the windings, and the rotor will stand still. As a result, the windings simply burn out.
What you need for installation
It is not recommended to install an electric drive on old cars. The design is not intended for the installation of such devices, you will have to change and redo everything, which will take a lot of time and effort. But you can install the trunk open button if there are already shock absorbers or springs. Even if you plan to supply a factory-made electric drive, you will need the following tool:
- Electric drill.
- Grinders (angle grinder).
- Wrenches, screwdrivers, hammers - you can’t do without these tools.
In addition, you need to buy such devices and parts:
- Power windows for cars of the classic VAZ series in the amount of two pieces.
- Power Window Control Module.
- Wires, lugs, shrink insulation.
- Semiconductor diodes.
- Electromagnetic relays with 4 and 5 contacts.
- Pads for electromagnetic relays.
- It is recommended to buy the springs used in the boot drive of VAZ cars of the tenth family.
When you get all these elements and prepare the tools, you can proceed to install the boot lid electric drive on your car. Next, we will consider in detail all stages of the work.
Drive assembly
This is not to say that the assembly procedure is too complicated. Any motorist who knows how to handle the tool can do everything. Of course, you still have to work with a soldering iron to properly connect the wires and diodes to the relay and control device.
It is recommended to install the drive with control from the standard alarm, the procedure for the following:
- First you need to modify the mechanism for the trunk lid drive. To do this, remove the electric motor and turn it around so that it can function along the rail. All excess parts of the plates must be cut off with a grinder.
- Make a bar for fasteners from perforated steel.
- Install the rails and electric motors of the drive mechanisms on the perforated plate. The whole structure should be placed on the body panels. It is advisable to strengthen the installation site in advance.
- One edge of the mechanism, which is not involved, must be fixed to the holders on the cover.
- Carry out the adjustment of the mechanism.
After carrying out the installation of drive elements, you can start connecting the electronic component.
Wiring
Be sure to think in advance how you will lay the wiring harness. The main thing is to prevent damage in places where bending occurs. In the event that there are other wires next to the new bundle, it is recommended to connect them using plastic clamps. The control unit is best placed in the trunk to reduce the length of the control circuits. It turns out that inside the trunk you only have to stretch the power and control wires (to the buttons for opening the trunk and closing).
As for the connection scheme, something concrete is not worth recommending, since it depends on what components are used in the system. As an example, the article provides a simple diagram of the inclusion of elements of an electric drive system.
Features of connecting an electric drive
Now that all the wires are in place, you can connect them to the control unit. Try to observe the polarity so that the semiconductor elements do not fail. Experts recommend using a separate cable for connection, which must be connected to the battery through a fuse.
The cross section and fuse rating depend on the power rating of the drive. If you use a universal electric trunk or for your particular car brand, the installation of control buttons is best done at the bottom of the torpedo. But only in such a way that when driving you would not be able to hook it by accident.