The house in which the person lives must be comfortable and functional. For the convenience of living, every detail of the interior is thought out to the smallest detail. This primarily relates to the design of stairs. After all, climbing to another floor or attic should be carried out not only in a convenient, but also in a safe way. In addition, the design of the stairs in the house should not contradict the general interior solution.
The role of the stairs in the house
The most important function that the staircase in the house performs is the ability to move from one floor to another. However, its appearance should be attractive and appropriate to the general situation. Depending on the design of the stairs, the concept of the entire room can be chosen. The location of the span determines the zones of the corresponding premises and the arrangement of furniture in it. In turn, the design of staircases and railings determines the method of finishing floors, ceiling space, as well as walls.
A photo of the design of the stairs is presented below in the article. Stylish and comfortable - everyone can choose for themselves something to their taste.
An additional factor that plays an important role in determining the design of the stairs in a private house is the organization of the stairwell. Each corner of the house should fulfill the corresponding function, be harmonious and comfortable for residents. In this regard, the area under the stairs can be used as a utility room, a place to relax or an additional place to store things.
Design options for the style of the interior
Often, the stylization of the room allows you to determine the type of staircase design. However, the choice of staircase design can be decisive in the arrangement of the entire interior. In any case, the style in which the home space is decorated should be consistent with the model of the stairwell.
- The classic style involves the use of expensive natural material, for example, natural types of wood using fine carvings.
- Does high-tech imply modern styling in which the use of such materials is appropriate? like chrome tubes, aluminum and stainless steel systems, as well as glass.
- With minimalism, the choice of stairs should be such as to create the effect of weightlessness. This can be achieved using organic glass.
- The ecological style in itself indicates that the staircase in all elements must be made only of natural wood.
- Ethnic style involves the use of wooden structures with carvings and ornaments that characterize the culture of a particular people.
- Country style will be in harmony with the rough staircase made of wood.
- The chalet-style interior is associated with decor that uses artificial stone and clinker tiles. A wooden staircase will also fit into this style, but it must be done in strict form.
- The Japanese or Chinese style, of course, involves a staircase made of bamboo material.
- Provence is a style in which a white structure with forging elements will harmoniously look.
- Shebby chic is a unique style in which it is logical to use white shades with the effect of wear in the design of the stairs. As a material, wood or metal is suitable.
Materials for the manufacture of stairs
The appearance of the stairs and its combination with the interior depends on the type of material selected. At present, various building materials are used, which in combination can create a completely unique design. In a modern design for stairs use:
- concrete and reinforced concrete structures;
- various types of wood;
- MDF boards;
- fake diamond;
- tile;
- plastic;
- plexiglass;
- metal.
The standard design solution includes materials such as laminate, natural wood or MDF boards. Their use allows not only to adhere to the classical style, but also to create an unusual decor.
The use of metal for the construction of stairs provides structural strength and simplicity in maintenance. Also, with various processing methods, it is possible to create an unusual design and decorative elements.
Glass and plastic make the staircase less visible and give the staircase a certain airiness. Concrete structures are suitable for large-scale planning and the creation of monolithic models. The use of tiles and mosaics will add color and expression to the interior.
Types of stairs
All the stairs located in a private house can conditionally be divided into two groups - main and auxiliary. The main ones serve to move from one floor to another, and the auxiliary ones can lead either to the basement or to the attic. Stairs differ among themselves depending on material and type of construction.
Photos of the design of stairs in a private house can not fail to impress fans of a stylish interior.
The main types of staircases include marching, screw and cantilever. Marching stairs are the most common, but require enough free space. A flight of stairs is a continuous series of steps. Depending on the length of the structure, it can consist of several marches separated by special platforms. In turn, the flight stairs are divided into two types: open (in which there are no risers) and closed (with the presence of risers).
Spiral staircases are designed for a small area, but they look extremely interesting. The disadvantage is that they are inconvenient to use, since it is difficult to lift large items to the upper floors.
Cantilever stairs are specific in construction: they are attached to the wall with specially designed rods. Such stairs are able to withstand a large load, but at the same time they are outwardly perceived as soaring in the air.
Marching stairs
These designs are easy to mount, but may vary in their structure. Depending on the type of march, they can be made in various ways.
A straight march staircase is the easiest to build and easy to use. The number of steps in a march can vary, but should not exceed fifteen steps per march.
- L-shaped stairwell device - the best option for a small space. Its difference is that marches are interconnected by a turntable with a right angle.
- The U-shaped staircase has a wide angle, that is, the turns here are double.
- The T-shaped structure requires a very large amount of free space, because such stairs consist of three marches. From the lower floor, the steps lead to a wide platform, from which there is an upward rise in both directions.
Cantilever stairs
This is a type of modern staircase construction that creates a soaring effect. A feature of this design is the principle of mounting the steps. Each step is attached to the wall on one side by rods, and on the other side and from below they remain completely open. If at the same time the steps are made of organic glass, then the staircase becomes a kind of invisibility.
In addition to the stylish appearance, cantilever stairs have other advantages: they do not burden the surrounding space, give the impression of lightness and weightlessness, and also have high light transmission. The consumption of materials for such a design will be much less, however, the cost of such a ladder will be high. This is due to the fact that the fasteners are used specialized, with high strength.
Spiral staircases
Such designs inspire with their amazing design. They also vary in appearance depending on the attachment of the steps. The most common mounting method for a spiral staircase is to mount it on a central support. But a combination of fasteners is possible: on one side the steps will be adjacent to the central axis, and on the other hand they will be mounted on the wall.
There is another type of spiral staircase - spiral. When installing it, use the so-called bent kosoura - load-bearing racks on which steps are mounted. Such stairs serve as the main decorative element of the house and are additionally decorated with carving and forging.
Custom staircase design
Currently, there are many opportunities for the realization of any fantasies in the construction industry. Many designers come up with non-standard solutions for the design of stairwells. A common example is a staircase called a goose step. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that the steps with an interval through one have a different width.
There are also variations of staircases with a slide, there are also spiral staircases for which the tree trunk serves as the central support. Unique, but at the same time very popular is the arrangement of the stairs, in which its steps smoothly pass into the railing.
Whatever the idea of the designer, the most important thing in the arrangement of the interior is compliance with the proportions. After all, the staircase in the house should be not only beautiful, but also comfortable.
Wooden staircase
The design of a wooden staircase in a house comes down mainly to the simplest construction - straightforward. Such a staircase consists of a number of elements.
Lateral parts - a bowstring. These are two massifs of boards, which are the basis of the entire staircase.
Steps. These are boards of a certain size, which are inserted into the special grooves of the bowstring.
Risers. This element is secondary, that is, it is not present in all models of staircases. They are a board located between the steps in an upright position. Thus, risers close the space between the steps.
Railing. Also may not be present at all stairs. But they are mainly used for the safety of descent and ascent as an auxiliary support for humans.
The area between the floors. It is installed to save space and maintain the reliability of the structure.
Photos of the design of wooden stairs are noticeably different from each other. All to choose the owner of the house.
Calculation of a wooden staircase to the second floor
The design of the stairs to the second floor implies convenience and functionality. For this, it is important to carry out the correct calculation for all parameters. The main thing that pays attention in the first place is the angle of inclination of the structure. It depends on him whether it will be convenient to climb and descend the stairs or not. The most optimal solution is to set the angle of inclination in the range from 25 ° to 45 °.
Steps for stairs in a private house are calculated according to two formulas:
safety formula - L + H = 45 (L - step depth, H - riser height);
convenience formula - L - H = 12.
According to general rules, the step depth should be at least 25 cm, and the risers should have a height of not more than 20 cm.
The total number of steps directly depends on the size of the entire structure. In order to calculate the required number of steps, it is necessary to divide the value of the height of the stairs by the value of the height of one riser.
Design of a wooden staircase attached to the attic
Stairs of such a plan differ from staircases between floors. They should not fill the space with themselves, therefore, as a rule, they are made folding.
Basically, such a ladder is installed on the attic hatch so that when it opens, the ladder automatically unfolds.
It is worth considering the difference in parameters compared to other stairs in the house. For attics, a width of up to 60 cm is set, while the height of the entire structure should not be more than 3 m.