The stump tab allows the dentist to restore the full functionality of the patient’s badly damaged tooth. Part of the product is placed in the root of the tooth, and the other part is located on the surface and represents a support for the crown, which will be installed in the future.
General information
The stump tab can be cast, in other words, solid or collapsible. Products are modeled individually for each patient, which is an advantageous difference from patterned pins in size and shape. Such prosthetics are widely used to restore the integrity of the teeth.
The stump tab can act as an independent type of prosthetics. But more often than not, it is a reliable foundation necessary for high-quality fixation of the crown. The service life of such products is at least ten years, nozzles made of precious metals serve up to twenty years or more.
Indications
In dental practice, this element is installed in the following cases:
- Progressive destruction of the apex of the tooth (more than 60%) subject to the health of the dental canal (otherwise the stump tab is not set).
- The need to strengthen dentin before applying the crown.
- Strengthening dentin before installing bridges.
Contraindications
The tab on the tooth cannot be set for the patient in the presence of such contraindications:
- Poorly healed canals.
- Complete degradation of the channels.
- Cyst.
- Granulomas.
- Inflammation affecting tooth tissue.
- Unhealthy tooth mobility.
- The manifestation of allergic reactions to the materials used.
How is the installation done?
The healing process is long, due to a strictly individual approach. In the dental laboratory, each patient has their own tooth tab. The minimum installation period is one week. It must be borne in mind that high-quality work is carried out in specialized conditions (good dentistry, a clinic with a dental office). You can not contact dubious specialists.
What to expect from a doctor on your first visit?
The initial visit to the dentist is accompanied by a range of activities:
- Removing cavities affected by caries.
- If necessary, manipulations are carried out to treat the dental canal, including removing the pulp, treating the cavity with antibacterial drugs (the tab can be fixed on the teeth with several roots or with one, the main thing is that they are healthy and strong).
- Sealing.
- Dental canal preparation orthopedic. The doctor conducts deep drilling, reaching the roots. This type of pin will subsequently be inserted into the vacated cavity.
- The dentist takes an impression from the working tooth and neighboring teeth placed on the opposite jaw. This approach allows you to simulate a perfectly convenient tab. Modern centers use computer simulation. In this case, the equipment itself scans the jaw, and the product is created using a special robot.
- Implementation of temporary dental fillings.
Second visit
The following visit to the doctor involves the implementation of such manipulations:
- Seizure of a temporary seal.
- Redevelopment of cavities and canals, drying.
- The stump tab for the tooth is fixed with special solutions.
Crown modeling can be implemented in two ways. The first is by lining the surface of the tab with a composite, which can be done during repeated administration. If it is necessary to carry out a more durable and high-quality restoration, a mold is taken from the top of the pin, which is sent to the dental technician (any dentistry uses his services). Prosthetics are performed later.
A third visit is carried out if necessary. The stump tab for the tooth is covered with a crown.
Types of products
The main function of these elements is to strengthen the tooth. For the manufacture of tabs, the most reliable and durable materials are involved, which determine the type of product:
- Made of precious metals. Usually used gold, which is strong and durable. The disadvantage of this type is one - excessively high cost.
- Zirconium oxide, titanium tabs. Such materials are characterized by high strength and are fully biocompatible with the human body. Patients practically do not develop allergic reactions. Zirconium products are highly esthetic. The disadvantage is that when you remove the tab (for any reason), it must be drilled along with the tooth tissues.
- Cobalt chrome look. The tab can cause allergies, however, this is a very good option, based on the price / quality ratio.
- Ceramics. The element is characterized by high aesthetic indicators, but the strength leaves much to be desired. Typically, these tabs are used to restore the front teeth.
- Cermets. The product has a metal core and a ceramic shell. Such a stump crown insert is cheaper than ceramic, and at the same time much stronger.
Product Benefits
Setting tabs has the following positive features:
- The doctor is able to restore even those teeth that are very badly damaged in the upper part.
- The tab is fixed with a permanent filling material, which prevents the development of carious lesions at the border of the dentin and the element itself.
- The best durability.
- The crown can be replaced without removing the product (aesthetic dentistry).
- Prosthetics are performed when support is needed for bridges and various types of crowns.
- The dentist, at his discretion, can change the direction of the supragingival surface with respect to the pin itself when correcting anomalies in the position of individual teeth.
- Aesthetics.
- It is used for restoration of lateral and front teeth.
- The stump tab under the crown is securely fixed.
- A high-quality product has an anatomical shape and fits snugly to any cavities. This ensures even load distribution.
- A wide range of materials.
- Reliable crown fixation.
- Long service.
Collapsible or integral?
Cast stump tab is often used to restore those teeth that have only one root. It is recommended to install collapsible products on multi-rooted teeth. Non-separable models consist of a stump and a pin, and the stump serves as an imitation of the crown of the tooth, where the crown is subsequently installed. This design can be molded in parts and in whole. If the patient needs to install bridges or clasps, the molded tab allows you to avoid grinding of adjacent teeth. Such systems are more expensive than collapsible counterparts.
Making stump tabs
Most nozzles are manufactured according to the following algorithm:
- A mold is taken from a previously prepared tooth. It must be borne in mind that the preparation for the tab is implemented using a drill. As a result, a finished cavity under the nozzle is formed, which differs in an individual configuration.
- According to the cast, acting in laboratory conditions, the technician makes a model of teeth (usually from gypsum).
- A section of the prepared model with a tooth is scanned.
- Implemented computer simulation tabs.
- The computer transmits a three-dimensional model of the product to the milling machine, where it is sawn.
- The nozzle is fired in special furnaces.
- The product is fixed on the patient’s tooth.
Multi-root tabs
The manufacture of such elements in the dental laboratory is no different from the production of a simple single-root insert, but provided that the channels of the tooth are parallel.
If this requirement is not met, in case of detection of two-channel teeth, you can use tabs in which there is one full and second additional pin. It will enter a modified or artificially formed second channel.
If the tooth is three-channel, it becomes necessary to install collapsible structures. The simplest but most reliable way of manufacturing these elements is modeling a monolithic pin with channels for arranging additional ones. Such manipulations will solve the problem in most cases. When installing, the doctor must choose the main root for the introduction of the main pin. Work on tooth restoration begins with him.
What is the difference between tabs and pins?
The pin is a template design that is a screw. It is installed in the root of the tooth. Metal under the influence of pressure can damage the weakened walls of the roots of the teeth, which causes loosening and loss. The stump nozzle evenly distributes the load, which eliminates the negative consequences.
Root requirements
As noted above, the stump pin tab can be installed only if the dentist is confident in the reliability of the root. In addition, it is necessary to exclude the development of inflammatory processes.
The root should be longer than the height of the tab itself. The walls of the site should be of sufficient thickness, not less than 1 mm. This will allow the system to withstand chewing pressure. Well, if at least some part of the dentin remains over the gum.
The dentist grinds down all the remaining walls of the tooth up to 1-2 mm. The tab should cover the remaining tooth stump. In some cases, gum cutting is required. This helps to expose the subgingival part of the root. After such manipulations and the installation of a temporary filling, the patient must wait for about 14 days so that the coagulated area is epithelized.
Rehabilitation and recovery
Before prosthetics, the tooth is subjected to preparation, therefore, after installing the tab, complications such as pulpitis or secondary caries may develop. In a number of clinical pictures, pain is manifested. To avoid the occurrence of such consequences, it is necessary to follow the doctor's recommendations exactly.
Tab Care
After installation is complete, you must follow simple hygiene rules:
- Daily two-time cleaning.
- To clean a tooth with an established structure and adjacent gums, it is better to use brushes with soft bristles. In addition, it is shown to use special dental brushes, flosses that help to keep the gaps between the teeth clean.
- After eating, the oral cavity should be rinsed with warm water or a dental solution that freshens the breath and has an anti-inflammatory effect.
- Twice a year, a specialist examination is indicated (for prevention).
Prosthetics cost
This method is quite expensive. The dependence of the price on the materials of manufacture is indicated below:
- The stump tab (the price indicates the lower limit) single-root metal - 2000 rubles.
- Two-root metal tab - from 3000 rubles.
- Ceramic nozzle - from 12,000 rubles.
- Zirconia tab - from 15,000 rubles.
Instead of a conclusion
Only an experienced, qualified specialist working in appropriate conditions (licensed dentistry, clinic with a dental office) is able to carry out all the manipulations at the proper level. Dental health should not be saved, and a visit to a practicing dentist will eliminate the need for repeated prosthetics.