In the arsenal of both a home master and a professional, there should be the most necessary equipment for work. The final result depends on the quality of all devices and objects that are used in the work.
Different diameters of the drill for metal will allow the necessary manipulations with this material. How to choose such a tool and which one is most in demand will help determine the advice of experts. Today there are many interesting solutions in the field of metal processing.
General information
A set of drills for metal will allow the master to cut holes of different diameters in the material. When it is necessary to work with solid workpieces, increased requirements are put forward to the mill.
This tool is selected in accordance with the working conditions. The metal cutter is designed for drilling alloyed, unalloyed steel, non-ferrous metals, cast iron and various alloys.
The greater the hardness of a material, the greater the demands placed on the quality of the tool. It is necessary to choose the correct drill diameters for metal.
The master should also pay attention to the sharpening of the cutter and the material of its manufacture. Only with this approach will it be possible to choose a really high-quality tool.
Drill structure
The usual device of the cutter assumes the presence of a cutting surface on it, calibration and a shank for attaching it to the chuck.
There are certain requirements that metal drills must meet. GOST 19265-73 indicates the main characteristics and manufacturing technology of this tool.
To work with a solid material such as steel or cast iron, the shape of the cutter necessarily requires the presence of spiral grooves. This allows you to remove chips from the processing site.
At the end of the drill is the cutting section. It has honed edges. Behind it is the calibration part. It ensures the smoothness of the edge of the hole and diverts the drilled metal from the processing site.
The shank of the cutter can have a different shape. It corresponds to the seat in the drill chuck or perforator.
Varieties
The diameter of the drill, and, accordingly, the hole in the metal, depends on the type of cutter. They can be of the following types.
Screw varieties are most often found on sale and have been known to masters for more than a dozen years. This is a rod made of different materials with helical grooves and a sharp end.
The taper shank screw cutter is designed for machine tools. Its cutting spot is tapered. This type of metal drill is designed for large diameter holes in a thick layer.
Crown cutters are also used for such work. They have frequent teeth.
A relatively new step drill is considered. It allows you to make holes of various diameters. Such a metal cone drill is designed for sheet material.
Another popular type of cutter is a threaded tool.
Marking
The tool selection process facilitates marking knowledge. It indicates the material, diameter, accuracy class of the product. If the letter P is indicated on it, it means that the cutter is made of high speed steel.
When a number follows the letter, this indicates the quantitative content of the substance in the alloy. So, K6 means that the cobalt in the overall composition is present in the sixth part. This reinforces the drill.
Marking may be as follows: R6M5K5. The last substance in the alloy strengthens the tool.
A metal drill bit of 1 mm or 2 mm is not marked. Extensive information is applied only to products of large diameter.
Foreign marking HSS-G speaks of a product that is designed for medium-hard metals. HSS-E can be used for stainless steel and acid resistant alloys. Marking HSS-G Tin distinguishes the increased durability of products.
Drill color
Drills for metal, GOST which is maintained at all domestic enterprises, can be of different colors. This indicates the type of strength. Therefore, choosing the appropriate diameter of the cutter, the master must pay attention to this characteristic.
Products of gray color are the cheapest and short-lived. They are suitable for home use with a small amount of work.
The black color of the product indicates additional hardening and strength of the cutter. A set of dull golden drill bits for metal makes it clear that a special technology was used in its production. It also gives extra strength.
A rich golden hue is inherent in the most durable products. They are more durable than others and convenient to use. The cost of such tools is the highest, but the quality is appropriate.
For home use, cheap, less durable products are enough. But professionals must choose high-strength, high-quality products.
Manufacturer's Reviews
Mills of various diameters are for sale. Domestic and foreign manufacturers complete them in different ways.
The largest drill bit for metal 10-13 mm is considered the norm. The diameter of the thinnest cutter kit is 1-2 mm. But, in addition to this parameter, it is necessary to pay attention to the manufacturer.
Well-proven products of foreign production Makita, Bosch. Professional craftsmen note a large number of low-quality fakes among domestic brands. Therefore, little-known products without quality certificates are not worth the attention of the consumer.
The Russian companies Zubr, Tomsk Instrument, and Matter of Technology have proven themselves well. They are cheaper than foreign counterparts. For work at home, they are fully suitable. Only professional metal milling machines differ in high cost.
Expert Advice
When choosing drill diameters for metal, it is necessary to take into account some expert recommendations. In order for the holes to be obtained with high-quality, with smooth edges, the cutter must be made of P18 high-speed steel with additives (tungsten, molybdenum , etc.).
According to the type of material, it is necessary to select the angle of sharpening. For cast iron, it should be 118 degrees, for bronze - 140 degrees. Stainless steel corresponds to 120 degrees.
For beginners, it will be easier to purchase such products in a specialized store. Here, the seller will be able to choose the right kind of tool, as well as provide quality certificates. This will guarantee the long-term use of the cutter and the performance when using it.
Experts recommend not saving on equipment quality. It is better to choose products from trusted manufacturers. The low price most often gives low-quality products that will wear out quickly and will produce sloppy holes.
Having become acquainted with such a characteristic as drill diameters for metal, you can choose the right tool in accordance with the type of material and the conditions of its processing. Guided by expert recommendations and user reviews, it will be easier to purchase quality cutters from trusted manufacturers.