Today we’ll talk about what RAM is. Let's start with the theory. Any computer program running both in the operating system environment and directly in machine codes is a set of encoded logical units and zeros — descriptions of the state of transistors in a certain way.
During operation, data streams are formed, which are operated by the central processor. If the programs themselves are stored on hard drives, compact disks and flash drives, that is, on all those media on which data does not disappear after a power outage, then RAM memory is a special storage device that completely depends on the availability of power on its logical circuits. The abbreviation itself (RAM) is a derivative of three English words - Random Access Memory, which can be translated as random access memory. In Russian, the term "RAM" is better known - random access memory. Both terms describe quite accurately what RAM is.
General principle of work
The RAM memory installed in the computer is very easy to recognize: it is a chipset soldered to the base - a small textolite scarf with two rows of copper sliding contacts, with which it connects to the connector on the motherboard. Sometimes such scarves are called trims, or, more precisely, modules. Depending on the number of connectors, there may be several. The total amount that the connected RAM memory has is determined by the characteristics of the installed chips. If we talk about the device simplistically, then each of them is a set of transistors - electronic semiconductor switches. The peculiarity of this element is that using a simple logic circuit, you can control its state: make it conductive current (open) or not (closed).
Thus, by simple coding, it is possible to perform conversion to binary digits. For example, an open state is one, and a closed state is zero. After switching, a small blocking voltage is required to maintain the selected state. That is why when you turn off the power, all data stored in RAM is irretrievably lost, as the transistors return to the neutral position. The exception is flash drives, where the RAM memory is arranged differently, since modified transistors with a floating gate are used. But this is a topic for a completely different article.
Imagine that a running program needs to save (remember) a number. The processor converts it to the appropriate set of binary bits and sends them to the controller, which changes the state of the required number of transistors in the RAM chips. After that, the number will be stored there until the supply of the blocking voltage stops (power off) or a command for erasing is generated.
Value for a Computing System
RAM is a necessary component of the computer. Without it, work is impossible. In addition, the speed of the system to a large extent depends on its volume and characteristics. This is quite natural: any program writes to memory cells not one number (as in the example above), but many. Therefore, a situation may arise when free transistors do not remain. In this case, excess data is dumped to the hard drive or a part of running applications is forced to close. All this takes time. It is not surprising that the RAM for games - these most demanding programs, should be of the appropriate size (the more the better). Otherwise, delays and jerks will occur in the gameplay.