All people are different and the same in their own way. Each person has their own worldview, individual psychological reactions to external influences, as well as their own characteristics of the thought process. All this determines the temperament. Understanding this allows us to find out what psychological characteristics of the types of temperament are inherent in various people.
In official psychology, from time immemorial, various types of temperament have been distinguished. In the process of their classification, an important point in the study is the analysis of the human nervous system. Here, attention should be paid to the strength, mobility and poise of the nervous system of the individual.
This is not to say that the types of temperament and their characteristics fully determine the essence of man. Usually in one individual there are two, or even three types. Unlike character, temperament is innate - no matter how much a person jumps and changes himself, he cannot escape from innate qualities.
Types of temperament and their characteristics
- Melancholic - very anxious, touchy, vulnerable. Such a person is very emotional, impressive and tearful. He tries to stay in society as a “mansion”, while keeping his thoughts to himself. Any, even the most insignificant misfortune will become for such a person a tragedy on a global scale. Lifetime pessimist, “sad harlequin” and “longing poet”. But then such a person does any work from the heart.
- Sanguine - a balanced jovial, rampant optimist and soul of the company. Such a person is very sociable and open to the world. At the same time, his nervous system is balanced. He does not like loneliness, have an active life position, often seeks to be a leader and a ringleader. But in the case when a business is not too interesting for him, he may become bored. Also, this type often cannot make a decision.
- Choleric is a quick-tempered person, carrying a hurricane of emotions and enthusiasm. Very irritable, but at the same time he has a fighting character and will not give offense. Extremely impatient and suffers from an excess of ambition. Ideological, but at the same time often changing the mood. Choleric is very conflicting and often does not get along in a team.
- Phlegmatic - a balanced, but withdrawn person. It is very difficult to get mad. Emotional, self-confident, hardworking and persistent. In actions, he is extremely slow, but at the same time has a rare self-control in crisis situations. He has a good-natured and unforgettable disposition.
This is not to say that one temperament is better than another. Also, one type cannot be exchanged for another, as evidenced by the characteristic types of temperament.
Table
| Choleric | Sanguine | Phlegmatic person | Melancholic |
| Balanced | | + | + | |
| Unbalanced | + | | | + |
| Mobile | + | + | | |
| Inert | | | + | + |
How to neutralize the negative qualities of the opponent?
Types of temperament and their characteristics allow you to find the key when communicating with a person. If you are faced with an angry choleric who is talking to you in elevated tones, then try to neutralize his restraint and tact. Against the pessimism and tearfulness of the melancholic, use a cheerful and optimistic attitude. Apathy and inertia of a phlegmatic person can be prevented by entrusting him with new tasks. A bored sanguine will cheer up the start of a new and interesting activity. The principle is simple, we use opposition against action.
To find out who you are, you need to pass a special test that will provide a complete picture of your personality, namely your types of temperament, and their characteristics will reveal your strengths and weaknesses.