A pedagogical specialty is one of the types of activities of a teacher within a certain professional group, which is characterized by a combination of skills, knowledge and skills that were acquired as a result of educational activities, and which helps in the formulation and solution of certain tasks of pedagogy in accordance with the level of competence of the teacher. In this article, this concept will be considered in more detail.
Pedagogy values
The following values are characteristic of a pedagogical specialty:
- Altruistic - the benefit of the educator for society as a whole.
- Values of labor - the possibility of self-realization, communication with children.
- The value of remuneration for labor.
- The value of self-expression.
It is impossible to imagine a teacher who is focused on the personal development of the child, but does not have a clear position on all issues. The position of the teacher should be directly reflected in his activities. One of the motivations of a teacher is personal self-improvement.
Career and pedagogy
The development of the personality of the teacher is the core factor of the pedagogical specialty. The main areas of activity of a teacher include directly pedagogical activity, pedagogical interaction and the improvement of personal qualities. Between all components of pedagogical activity there is a close relationship. The main factors in the development of the teacher are the teacher’s activity, his life position, which is key in the formation of the teacher as a person.
Career growth is promotion, development in any type of activity, achievement of a certain level of success. Often, a teacher striving for professional growth is quite active, sincerely wants to maximize his potential, is the creator of his destiny. It can be both substantial growth, and administrative, but the main thing in career advancement is a stubborn desire to become a better version of yourself.
Relationship of competency and teacher position
There are two pedagogical concepts that need to be distinguished. Among them are the following:
- The characteristics of pedagogical qualifications are inextricably linked with pedagogical positions (director, head teacher) and pedagogical specialties (organizer teacher, social teacher, social psychologist). In this case, qualification is directly associated with the concept of competence.
- The pedagogical competence of the teacher is associated with his professionalism and skill. To determine the competence of teachers, a state certification is carried out: trainee; teacher; Senior Lecturer; teacher-methodologist; research teacher teacher of the highest category.
It is impossible to imagine a teacher’s career without continuing education. It is a kind of social elevator in pedagogy, with the help of which a teacher can achieve the position of scientist-researcher.
A variety of educational activities
Currently, faculties and specialties in pedagogical universities of our country are associated not only with the direct activities of teachers, but also with related specialties. For example, in pedagogical universities of Russia, the faculties of primary education are adjacent to the psychological, and the faculties of historical direction are adjacent to the faculties of management, law and economics. This is due to the fact that transitional economic processes are taking place in our country, which is the reason for the appearance in the secondary schools of new subjects that help the younger generation better navigate this world.
For example, recently, disciplines such as law, economics, and an additional elective called career counseling have emerged as secondary subjects in secondary schools. The latter is aimed at self-determination and successful socialization of the student.
The most popular pedagogical directions
According to sociological studies, about 90% of the world's population consider teachers and professors to be unique moral authorities in a number of issues. The presence of knowledge in pedagogical matters means a high level of personality development, and also makes it possible to give the proper level of education to the younger generation. Below are the most popular specialties of higher teacher education in our country:
- The teacher of preschool education.
- Primary school teacher.
- Teacher of senior classes and higher educational institutions. It can be either a single-discipline field (literature, Russian, mathematics, geography, history), or a double profile, for example, economic-legal or economic-technological.
- Teacher-psychologist in preschool.
- Teacher-psychologist in elementary school.
- Informatics and ICT in secondary and higher educational institutions.
Work in specialized institutions
There are universities in which you can get higher pedagogical education in specialties that are incredibly popular in specialized educational institutions. It can be boarding schools, correctional camps, boarding schools with a certain orientation (for example, football). Below are the specialties in which pedagogical training is carried out in the country's universities:
- Defectology of preschool children (work with deviations in preschool children).
- Oligophrenopedagogy (work with children with mental disabilities).
- Deaf education (work with deaf-mute children, learning sign language).
- Speech therapy (correction of speech defects).
- Specialized Psychology.
- Medical pedagogy (work with children, aimed at improving their physical condition).
- Design activity of a speech therapist (development of programs to improve speech in school and preschool institutions).
- Work with children with disabilities.
Bachelor's degree in teacher education
There are two levels of training in the specialties of pedagogical universities - undergraduate and graduate. If you receive a pedagogical education with a psychological bias, then a bachelor's degree will teach you:
- Technologies of psychological diagnosis using advanced technologies.
- The development of readiness for action and successful orientation at the stage of professional and life definition among schoolchildren and preschoolers.
- Determination of factors inhibiting personal growth and development of the child.
- The ability to develop the makings of gifted children.
- Consulting with parents and teachers, solving psychological problems.
- Implementation of psychological correction in the behavior of children and adolescents.
- Providing the necessary psychological assistance to the child and adolescent.
- Conducting psychological work aimed at identifying and correcting the psychological maladjustment of schoolchildren and preschoolers.
Master in teacher education
There are many pedagogical specialties and areas where you can enter the magistracy. Consider what you can learn at the master's program in Computer Science and ICT in Education:
- Students are taught not only to teach, but also to conduct research activities.
- The undergraduate deeply and in depth studies the processes and technologies of various information systems.
- Various professional, special, and general cultural qualities are being formed based on the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard.
- The following disciplines are studied in detail: the concept and functions of publishing systems; education and application of innovations; network and communication technologies; a variety of world information resources and systems; communication psychology; various ways of developing special disciplines and organizing the activities of students; Information Systems.
Methods of advanced training for teachers. Forms of higher education
If a person has already received higher pedagogical education, then there is an opportunity to improve his professional qualifications both in a special educational institution and remotely. There is only one requirement - the presence of secondary specialized or higher pedagogical education. After continuing education courses a certificate or diploma is given. Retraining programs are mainly aimed at obtaining a new popular specialty, and continuing education programs increase the competence of teachers in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard.
There are several forms of higher education in the socio-pedagogical specialty:
- Distance learning (five years).
- Full-time education (four years).
- Distance learning (three or more years).
- Master (from two or more years).
- Further training (from one and a half months).
- Retraining (about six months).
Obtaining a second higher education in the field of pedagogy
If you want to get a second higher education in pedagogical specialties and qualifications, then it is worth remembering that in our country this is possible exclusively on a paid basis. It is also worth remembering that getting a teacher education in full-time education always comes out much more expensive than getting a higher education in part-time education.
The largest state universities can offer such forms of study as evening, full-time and correspondence. Recently, extramural studies began to be carried out on a distance basis, which makes it easier to obtain a second higher education. This is very important for employees of preschool educational institutions and centers of developmental training, because in this area a diploma about pre-school higher education is required.