Appeal to the artistic values of society provides the formation of a personality culture. What causes the need to study the historical foundations of the arts. It is important not only to understand the relevant terminology, but also to comprehend each type of fine art. Only in this way will it be possible to most accurately realize the aesthetic value of the creative reflection of its monuments.
Classification of Fine Arts
The form of fine art is an established form of creative manifestation capable of artistically realizing life content in various material incarnations. There is a certain classification of the types of fine art, which include both ancient and modern forms. For example, until the 19th century, architecture, sculpture and painting were considered the main ones. After that, another kind of fine art appeared - graphics. It also includes modern types, such as photography and computer graphics.
Antique forms
Even in ancient times, people created many works that reflect the facts and phenomena of everyday life. Formed over the centuries in connection with the development of the spiritual and moral culture of society, art has become increasingly expressive and visible. Thus, sculpture displays vital phenomena in a three-dimensional, three-dimensional form. This spatial art masters the surrounding objects in plastic images. This uses materials such as bronze, marble, stone, wood. Modern society uses plastic, concrete and steel for these purposes.
This kind of fine art, like architecture, expresses reality in static forms. It represents the design and construction of buildings and structures that organize the material environment. Painting is a planar type of fine art, the hallmark of which is the reflection of the surrounding reality with the help of paints. The painter conveys not only the shape of the object, but also its color, texture, space in which it is located.
Contemporary Art
This type of contemporary art, like graphics, is initially a drawing, but it has its own specific means and capabilities. The art form is created using different color lines, dots, strokes, spots applied to the surface. Graphics, in turn, is divided into easel and applied.
Probably the newest form of art is photography. The final image is obtained as a result of the photographic process. The main creative manifestation is the selection and search for lighting, composition, and most importantly - the moment of the picture.
In life, and especially in the everyday life of modern man, a special place is occupied by works of decorative and applied art. Artistic products created with its help have aesthetic appeal and are also intended for interior decoration.
Main genres
The genre in the visual arts is a system of works of art united by a common theme or a single circle of objects of the image. All types of art have their own internal division. So, the painting is divided into:
- scenery;
- portrait;
- still life;
- animalistic;
- The genre of a thematic picture (historical, everyday or battle).
At the same time, in each of the genres it is possible to additionally isolate individual plot and thematic areas (for example, in a portrait - self-portrait, group, front).
The main genres of sculpture: historical, everyday, portrait, symbolic, allegorical image.
Applied and easel graphics also have their own genres. For example, applied, include illustration, industrial graphics. These genres also include caricature, poster, book illustration and other types.
Classification of works by materials and technology
All types and genres of fine art are divided, including by materials and technique. So, easel painting is a classic technique of oil painting on canvas. Materials are chosen by the painter in accordance with the task. A special type of art is monumental painting, which is closely connected with architecture. It can include mosaics, panels, paintings.
There is a round and relief sculpture. The first includes easel, monumental, and relief, in turn, includes a bas-relief and high relief.
A lot of varieties of decorative art: tapestry, painting on wood and metal, forging, ceramics, batik.
Using different materials, graphic images are performed. Draw with pencil, charcoal, brush, sepia. Many artists prefer to combine graphic and pictorial materials.