The best medical institutes of Russia, their history, rating, faculties and specialties will be considered in this article. Particular attention is paid to medical schools, in particular the Nizhny Novgorod military medical university of the FSB of Russia.
WMA them. Kirov
The opening of the hospital for medical schools and educational theaters by Emperor Paul I in December 1798 owes its existence to the Kirov Military Medical Academy . Here, at that distant time, doctors, veterinarians and pharmacists began to receive medical education.
This is the first scientific, medical and educational institution in the country where Russian textbooks on medicine were published and where a Russian professor was educated. In 1881, veterinary medicine and pharmaceuticals left the institution, and the Academy (and it was then that it got its current name, except for, of course, the name of Kirov, which was assigned to the university much later) gave training to military doctors, surgeons, and purely for the military departments.
Celebrities
In the nineteenth century, great doctors worked in these walls, marking the era of the development of Russian medicine - both practical and scientific. Among them are such brilliant doctors as the surgeon N. I. Pirogov, who developed the basis of military field surgery, the first to use anesthesia, plaster and postoperative nursing care for the wounded; the founder of Russian physiology I.M.Sechenov and S.P. Botkin, who created the largest therapeutic school, worked here.
Academician I.P. Pavlov, one of the first winners of the Nobel Prize in medicine, V.M.Bekhterev, a famous neurologist, psychologist, psychiatrist, and founder of psychotherapy, worked here. Here N. S. Korotkov came up with a method for measuring blood pressure. The wonderful composer A.P. Borodin studied and worked here, who wrote the opera Prince Igor, who considered music to be just a hobby and devoted himself entirely to scientific work.
Wars and WWA
The Russian-Turkish wars gave the staff of the Imperial Academy the necessary practice to accomplish world discoveries in the field of military medicine. Professor S.P. Kolomnin for the first time performed a blood transfusion in the field, surgeon N.V. Sklifosovsky used aseptics and antiseptics, N.I. Pirogov published his famous work on military medicine, which was the basis of the doctrine of modern military medicine.
In the war with Japan, N. A. Velyaminov used X-ray machines for diagnosis , and R. R. Vreden introduced new methods of surgery. The First World War was marked by massive epidemics of typhoid and cholera. Professors A.P. Dobroslavin, V.A. Levashov, S.V. Shidlovsky developed the method of military hygiene, and the work of V.A. Oppel, G.I. Turner and V.A. Ratimov became a new word in the development of surgery on the field battlefield. The overwhelming majority of the academy professors supported the 1917 revolution, leading doctors did their best to combat typhus and typhoid fever, cholera, and most importantly, continued to work in their departments and clinics with terrifying devastation and famine.
The Great Patriotic War
Two-thirds of the professors and teachers of the academy went to the front in the very first days of the war. Every tenth front-line doctor is a graduate of the Academy. The medical institutes of Russia during this difficult time reacted with all responsibility to the quick and high-quality training of doctors and nurses. Scientific work, however, did not stop: a blood-replacement fluid was invented for the wounded, who had lost a lot of blood, as well as original methods of treating frostbite. One hundred and fifteen dissertations were defended during the war years, and all of them concerned military medicine.
With great success began to undergo treatment of gunshot wounds, thermal injuries, injuries, the university made a huge contribution to the development of transfusiology, neurosurgery, cardiovascular surgery. All medical institutes in Russia are unlikely to be able to compare with the Kirov Military Medical Academy in the effectiveness of their work, although they, of course, also tried very hard.
Five Heroes of the Soviet Union are among the employees of the academy, many graduates and teachers received many orders of the military level. Their efforts returned 90.6% of sick fighters, 72.3% of the wounded. A vivid example of professionalism and courage. And every tenth graduate of the academy died in this war ... The military medical institutes of Russia, and the Kirov Naval Aviation Institute among them, proved their loyalty to their native country with blood spilled on the battlefields.
Academy today
Of the one hundred and twelve buildings of the Academy’s architectural ensemble, twenty-five have the status of an architectural monument by decision of UNESCO. The Academy is recognized as an institution of world significance. The historically established principle of training specialists, which to this day remains the leading one, is a real medical and diagnostic process, where knowledge is acquired, practical skills are acquired, that is, at the patient's bedside. Therefore, the academic clinical base is very extensive and branched. Russian medical institutes often apply precisely this training methodology, if conditions permit.
Sixty-three departments function in the academy, of which thirty-four have their own clinical base. Seven thousand employees organize and conduct the educational process. Unlike civilian medical schools, there is increased emphasis on extreme medicine. Cadets participate in combat and field training conditions, while eliminating the consequences of technological disasters and natural disasters. It takes into account all the features of the activities of military doctors in space, ground, missile forces, in air defense, airborne forces, air forces, on surface and submarine ships. The military orientation of training is provided by eighteen departments, where the bicentennial experience of medical support of the army was concentrated. In all respects, which are demonstrated by Russian medical institutes, the rating shows that the Kirov Medical Academy is in the forefront.
Technical support
The training center provides field training for students and promotes research activities. The library of the academy is truly fundamental, it is recognized as the largest medical library in Europe. Two computer classes in the library, one hundred fifty thousand electronic editions only. Twenty-four lecture halls with the latest multimedia equipment, much more than four hundred thematic and specialized training classes, of which forty-two are computer.
The medical institutes of Russia, the list of which is long and glorious, are far from all equipped with the same modern and powerful features. Each year, about fifty students are awarded scholarships of the Government and the President of the Russian Federation, Charitable Foundations and organizations for high scientific and educational results. The Kirov Naval Aviation University is clearly the leader among universities that represent Russian medical institutes, as well as academies and universities.
VMI FSB of the Russian Federation
The Military Medical Institute of the Border Service of the FSB of Russia has a rather long and glorious history, which begins from the time when it existed as a separate faculty of the medical institute in the city of Gorky.
Previously, future doctors were trained here for the Soviet army and navy. And now the Military Medical Institute of the FSB of Russia is preparing specialists for the border troops, which, as you know, are managed by the FSB.
Shining to others - I burn myself!
This is the motto and the main commandment that many graduates of the Military Medical Institute of the Border Service of the FSB of Russia have worthily carried through their whole lives. How many officers and soldiers of our army saved the lives of them! And in 1995, the institute became a separate educational institution under the auspices of the NGMA (Nizhny Novgorod Medical Academy) and changed its name to the Military Medical Institute of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, or the Military Medical Institute of the Federal Border Service of the Russian Federation.
The institute has eleven departments in three faculties. Residents of the city and the region know and love the Military Medical Institute of the FSB of Russia (Nizhny Novgorod): its clinical base covers fifty-two medical institutions in the region and in the city, which belong to various organizations, such as the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Railways, the Ministry of Civil Defense and Emergencies, and Of course, the FSB. The total number of beds is also impressive: there are more than eight and a half thousand.
Structure
The FSB Medical Institute of Russia has trained more than seven thousand highly qualified specialists taught by six academicians, fourteen professors, twenty-two associate professors, eighteen doctors and eighty-eight candidates of medical sciences, and four senior research associates. The state status of this educational institution implies excellent technical equipment.
Training is on a contractual basis and is free. Students are taught full-time and part-time in the following specialties: medical business, dentistry, medical and preventive business. The institute is located on the Lower Volga embankment in the Red Barracks. Two centuries ago, gendarme companies and garrison soldiers were stationed there.
MGMU named after I.M.Sechenov
First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov is the oldest of the country's medical universities. It was founded in 1758 as the faculty of medicine of the Imperial University in Moscow. In the eighteenth century, there were three departments at the faculty, which graduated only thirty-six doctors. But the most interesting thing is that twenty-six of them became doctors of medicine, seventeen - professors. In the thirties of the twentieth century, the faculty became an independent university - the First Moscow Medical Institute. In 1955, he began to bear the name of the great Sechenov, in 1990 he became an academy, and in 2010 it was already a university.
Now it is a state educational institution VO, which is the forge of personnel for almost all sectors of health care. Scientific and educational events are held here: training, re-certification, advanced training of doctors and pharmacologists. There are ten faculties, there is a center uniting eight university clinics, a diagnostic laboratory, a radiation examination department, where there are seven departments. About fifty thousand patients undergo treatment at the university annually.
Students and applicants
In addition to studying, students have something to do and where. Here is a magnificent library with unique books, with its own museum, where you can learn not only the history of the university, but also a lot about medicine. Three hostels are perfectly equipped with everything necessary, there is a sports complex, a vivarium, a publishing house and a volunteer center. You can walk along the alleys of the botanical garden and relax in the "Sechenovec" - recreation camp.
Form of study is only full-time. There are paid and free forms. Faculties - dental, medical, pediatric, pharmaceutical, medical and preventive, higher nursing education and psychological and social work. There are also courses at the faculty of pre-university education. The training is carried out by the institute of vocational education.
GBOU VPO RNIMU
The Russian National Research Medical Institute named after N.I. Pirogov under the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation will celebrate one hundred and ten years from the day of its foundation next year, and during this time it has proved itself to be a highly professional educational institution, constantly occupying one of the first places in the rating of medical institutes of the Russian Federation. Higher education gives the graduates the highest qualification, conducting a three-stage learning process.
This state institute has thirty areas of full-time and part-time education: here is therapy with dentistry, and biochemistry with biophysics, as well as cybernetics in the service of medicine. Here interns, residents, and scientific specialists study in graduate school. Of all the doctors graduated from Russian medical institutes, graduates of this university are especially valued.
Technical equipment
There is everything necessary for full-fledged training: classrooms with high-end multimedia equipment, medical institutions where students practice under the contract, a library with about a million books, a reading room, a separate sports building with sections of martial arts, gymnastics and much more, a conference room, a medical center with massage rooms.
More than three and a half thousand students live in dormitories, there are dining rooms and classrooms. The form of training at the institute is only full-time, you can study for a fee.
Faculties: medical, biomedical and others (seven in total). They teach ten specialties here.