From the article you will learn what is a musical interval, what are the intervals. Simple and compound intervals, as well as inversion intervals, are examined in detail.
What is a music interval?
Everyone knows that an interval is a certain distance from one point to another. Now consider what an interval is like a musical term. This is the segment between two sounds. They can be taken both sequentially (melodic interval) and simultaneously (harmonic interval). Melodic intervals may be in upward and downward movements. The lower and upper sounds have their own names. This is the bottom and top. The interval contains two values:
- Quantitative. This is the number of steps that make up this or that interval.
- Qualitative. It indicates how many tones and midtones are contained in the interval.
What are the intervals? What are simple intervals?
There are simple intervals, compound, diatonic and chromatic, consonant and dissonant.
Simple intervals are within one octave. There are eight of them:
- Prima is the first step. It happens only clean. Consists of one sound. Part 1
- Second. Covers two steps. Seconds are small (m.2) and large (b.2).
- Third. Consists of three steps. Terctions are large (b.3) and small (m.3).
- Quart. Contains four steps. There are clean quarts. Designated - Part 4
- Quint. Covers five steps. There are clean fifths. Part 5 is designated.
- Sixth. Contains six steps. There are small (m.6) and large (b.6).
- Seventh. Covers seven steps. There are small (m.7) and large (b.7).
- Octave. Covers eight steps. There are only clean ones. Part 8 is designated.
Simple intervals. Interval handling
All simple ones are not only large, small and clean, but also enlarged and reduced. The transfer of the lower sound (base) by one octave up or the upper sound (peak) - one octave down forms a reversal of intervals.
All the pure are converted also to the pure. Prima - in an octave, a quart - in a fifth, and vice versa. All small intervals turn to large. A small second into a large septima, a small third into a large sixth, a small septima into a large second, a small sixth into a large third. All large intervals turn into small ones. A large second into a small septima, a large third into a small sexta, a large septima into a small second, a large sexta into a small third. Larger ones turn into smaller ones, and vice versa. Here 's what inversion intervals are simple.
What are compound intervals?
These are intervals that go beyond the octave:
- Nona - second after one octave. Its designation is 9. It covers nine steps.
- Decima is a third in one octave. Its designation is 10. It covers ten steps.
- Undecima - a quart after one octave. Contains eleven steps. Its designation is 11.
- Dodecima is a fifth in one octave. Includes twelve steps. Its designation is 12.
- Terzdetsima - sixth through one octave. Covers thirteen steps. Its designation is 13.
- Kvartdetsima - septima through one octave. Contains fourteen steps. Its designation is 14.
- Quintdecima is an octave through one octave. Its designation is 15. It includes fifteen steps.
Compound Spacing Handles
The treatment of composite intervals is carried out in the following ways:
- When one of the sounds that is part of the interval moves two octaves in the completely opposite direction. In this case, the second sound is stored in the same place.
- When two sounds of a compound interval move simultaneously an octave, crossing each other when they meet each other.
In both cases, we get a simple interval, which, in fact, is the inversion of the intervals.
Thus, simple intervals and composite, as well as inverse intervals, were considered. Solfeggio is a discipline in a music school and art school, where these topics are carefully studied. In addition to the theoretical part of the lesson, there is also a practical one, in which simple intervals and components are constructed and circulated, sung, and also analyzed in musical works.