The stages of the communication process include peculiar levels to achieve the goal. The process itself means the consistent exchange of information between people or groups of people. The main goal is to make sure that the information is received by the addressee and completely absorbed by him. It is also important that if there is no mutual understanding between the process members, it means that the goal is not achieved.
Communication
A communication process is an exchange of information and information between two participants. It manifests itself due to certain functions.
Functions of communication in a modern organization:
- Informational. It includes the transfer of information itself of any nature.
- Incentive. It activates all options for interaction between individuals, for example, when you need to confirm specific actions, organize people, change the mood of the interlocutor or his beliefs.
- Perceptual. Responsible for the mental perception of each other, affects subsequent communication between people.
- Expressive. It affects the perception of a person, the state of his emotional and psychological background.
The tasks of the process and their components
The process of disseminating information can be reproduced in order to perform certain tasks. All this happens due to:
- proper prioritization and goals;
- explanations of how to use the method;
- understanding that a person has understood what is required of him;
- tests of understanding;
- taking into account the interlocutor’s own opinion;
- exchange of information;
- mutual planning of follow-up actions;
- informing that the goal has been achieved.
The stages of the communication process also consist of the tasks of the interaction itself, so they are the basis for their formation. The main thing is to know all the details of the procedure. In this case, there will be no potential problems in understanding between people.
Elements and stages of the communication process
For the communication process to be successful, it is necessary not only to know the concept of the communication process. The main stages are also important. There are only four of them. The communication process and its stages are important information that helps to reach mutual understanding between the participants.
- Sender. A person who is responsible for setting the idea or for the information collected, which he seeks to convey to another participant in the communication.
- Message. It includes the whole range of information that is transmitted in writing or orally. The main component of this information is the idea, some kind of factual statements, emotions or attitude towards the addressee. The process of transmitting information includes both the person who talks about it, and various Internet resources where you can communicate information without eye contact.
- Channel. It is a specific tool through which information is transmitted. Various telephone conversations, as well as mail, letter, oral transmission can serve as a channel. Thus, the means can be various options, which ultimately ensure that the recipient receives the information.
- Recipient. It is a person who, upon completion of all stages, receives information prepared in advance for him.
The communication process, its elements and stages imply a complete understanding of the subtleties of the addressee, since in case of misunderstanding, complications may arise in the form of questions, aggression and ignoring.
Milestones
When an interaction occurs between people, both the addressee and the addressee go through a series of stages. The tasks of the main stages of the communication process are the design of the message, the use of any selected channel for transmitting information. The main thing is to ensure that as you go through all the stages, the quality of the information does not change. In other words, it should remain in its original form.
Stages
The stages of the communication process, the exchange of information - these are the main stages that you need to go through before you complete the process.
- First of all, the appearance of an idea;
- its encoding and selection of the information transmission channel;
- actually sending a message to the addressee;
- the process of interpreting information, that is, explanation;
- receiving a response.
The essence of the problem of understanding the stages
The concept of the communication process, the basic elements, stages are components of the exchange of information. Often this causes some complications that are associated with a poor understanding of the terms. Basically, it is the stages of communication that raise questions, so it is important to know their definition, as well as the goals and consequences.
The emergence of an idea
The concept of the communication process, the main element of which is precisely the idea, is very important for successful communication between people. First of all, the addressee is required to formulate a topical topic for him and the interlocutor. The role of the sender at this stage of the communication process is important, since it is he who encodes the information, analyzes it and transfers it. The important thing is that it is necessary to make the message not only meaningful in meaning, but also understandable to others. If the topic is irrelevant, then communication will break off before it starts.
Before submitting seemingly ready-made information, it is necessary to verify it, taking into account many factors. First of all, of course, these are the views of the interlocutor. If the addressee is new to the person, it is best to start with a loyal, neutral topic about the weather and more. Only after the addressee is already known to the sender, you can begin a deeper conversation, the meaning of which depends on common interests.
Channel coding and selection
Having passed the previous stage of the communication process, the information is still "green", it is too early to present it. The sender must beat her with appropriate gestures, codes, so that the addresses see interest and more fully accept the message.
The addressee also has the right to choose the method of message transmission, as they can be varied. If live communication is not possible, then e-mail, video recordings or audio messages, or a simple SMS message is quite suitable. The option of sending a written message is also possible, but today few people use this type. The main thing is to make sure that the information is not distorted due to the channel used.
In modern theory of communication, it is assumed that the best way to conduct dialogue or polylogue is to use several methods of transmitting information. On average, the use of two channels is quite optimal. There should be a difference between the time the information is transmitted over two channels, since a one-time message will look ridiculous enough. It is important to choose the right moment and apply in the first place the most common version of the channel.
For example, at first the addressee sends a message via SMS, and after some period more in depth discusses the topic with a person live. Thus, communication will become successful, as the information will be better understood by repetition.
Broadcast
At this stage, the actual process of channel activation is already taking place, that is, transmission is taking place. The stage itself is not communication, it plays the role of achieving this goal.
Information passes from the addressee to the addressee through the use of certain characters. Sign systems are inherent in many types of communication, for example, verbal and non-verbal communication. It includes a specific system of signs that a person uses when he wants to transfer data to another.
Non-verbal communication collects all the signs that a person can use without words. These are gestures, facial expressions, body movements, eyes and much more. All these signs are needed so that the sender introduces as much expression and additional meaning as possible into the main message. This is so because, as a rule, nonverbal communication does not take place on its own, it is an addition to verbal communication.
Verbal communication involves the use of letters and sounds of the alphabet of a particular language as signs. A person builds these signs in a certain way and receives words. These are already more significant units of the communication process.
Decoding
After the information is received by the addressee, he decodes in every possible way, rebuilds in his own way. That is, the stage itself is understood as the transfer by the recipient of information into his own thoughts. All the characters that the addressee transmitted will be fully understood by the addressee, and he will be able to understand what they wanted to convey to him. There are times when the recipient does not need a response, then communication stops at this stage.
This expresses an unequal communication system, because in the case when the sender transmits information, he first formulates the idea within the meaning, then encodes, transmits. The addressee also learns the meaning of the message conveyed to him along with the passage of the decoding stage.
Feedback
The process of perceiving information by the recipient and the response is the stage by which the sender will understand whether the message is understood or not. At this stage, the recipient must become the sender in order to convey his thoughts back, as proof of complete understanding and evidence that communication was successful.
Communication provides that the whole process should be bi-directional. This is necessary so that in case of misunderstanding the addressee said this. Then the message will be sent again in a more understandable form. Especially this perception is relevant in the sphere of relations between the boss and subordinate. In order for the work to be comfortable, understandable, feedback from employees is necessary. Otherwise, the staff will be dissatisfied with the work and the boss, and the manager with their subordinates.
Noise
Noise in the general list of stages does not take place, since it is most likely just a factor in the completion of all stages. But it is quite important, since extraneous environmental noise can cause difficulties in understanding the information. Also, the message may be hard to hear, so the addressee will understand a completely different, false. Sound sources can include loud music, construction sounds, machine signals, and much more.
So that the noise does not cause communication complications, it is necessary to choose a quiet, calm place with a pleasant, relaxing atmosphere.