Today, the word “Sharia” shudders many. But not everyone has a clear idea of this concept. Therefore, today there are many different hypotheses and erroneous opinions regarding Sharia. So what is it?
Sharia myths
Due to the distorted information provided by the media, some people think that this refers to a certain volume, which contains medieval laws telling about cruel punishments, but this is all far from a clear definition of what Sharia is. For example, about stoning for small frivolities. And this is not surprising, since in the modern world short romance is a habitual and legal thing.
It is also believed that Sharia, which severely punishes for small pranks, does not mean anything before serious crimes, because absolutely any charge is built in the presence of at least four witnesses. All these points are accompanied by poor neighborhoods of third world countries where disenfranchised women live in burqa and alcohol is prohibited.
What does sharia mean?
The religion of Islam has many subtleties, one of which is Sharia. First of all, this is far from the Criminal Code. That is how many people think, so there are many misconceptions regarding this concept. Sharia is one and has no varieties by country. It represents some divine institution.
We can say that Sharia is the Holy Quran, which is read as an order for action. Translated literally, this word is interpreted as the “clear path” that leads to the source. Shariah is also considered a landmark drawn up human life in both private and public form.
In addition, Sharia is a path that leads a person to the highest point of perfection. Gracious and merciful Allah opens this path, and also warns about those things that need to beware, and where to approach. Allah also warns against big and small.
Bans on Sharia (Haram)
What is Sharia can be understood from its prohibitions. So, according to Sharia, the use of alcohol is prohibited. Wine is what provokes intoxication. At the same time, it is a god for some people, to whom the days and various holidays are dedicated. In addition, material values are sacrificed, they trust in him, believing that it gives courage. However, the unpleasant side of drunkenness is visible to many, as those who approach it walk on the edge of the abyss, and it is unlikely to reach perfection. The main benefit of wine is only in the temptation, after which there is a difficult hangover.
Sharia does not recognize gambling, as it believes that gamblers are fans of idols. The player is chained to the game and often whispers to himself unnecessary prayers. He believes that newcomers are lucky, but forgets about how the path of the players ends. As a rule, ruin or deception of partners and partners comes. In any case, such an outcome fills their hearts with anger and unbelief, and also destroys faith in people, regardless of faith and religion.
Fortune-telling is forbidden according to Sharia. It's no secret that they are an attempt to look into their future. And who knows, except Allah? At the same time, a fortuneteller does not appeal to him at all. In addition, if he gave himself something pleasant, he immediately forgot, and if not too pleasant, doubts will settle in his soul.
Sharia does not recognize dishonesty. You can not slander, violate their obligations, as well as profit through deception. In itself, dishonesty destroys trust, which is the basis of social life, which leads to spiritual death.
According to established laws, the principles of Sharia forbid adultery, as this is an abnormal relationship that occurs, as a rule, not between a husband and wife. According to Sharia, marriage is not a sacrament and not a formality, but a willingness to take care of each other and give birth to children.
At all times, the family was considered a necessary condition to raise a normal full-fledged child. And adultery can destroy a family and spiritually kill children. According to Sharia, you need to marry faithful women. This category includes not girls, not married wives, and not different relatives. However, Sharia allows you to have four wives, however, this is not necessary.
Therefore, marrying a third does not mean divorcing the second. Divorce is the most hated process allowed by Allah. And violence and various forms of perversions are considered extreme forms of adultery, which are punishable by very strong punishment. This makes it possible to understand the meaning of the question of what Sharia is.
He gives a ban on theft, a direct sign of which is the secret seizure of someone else's property. Moreover, a thief is a robber who openly and forcibly seizes property. At the same time, Sharia clearly distinguishes between theft and military booty, which is seized from enemies during the war, which is declared in the event of a possible attack.
According to Sharia, killings are prohibited. These prohibitions are highlighted when it comes to Muslims, children, guests and prisoners. The death penalty is an exception, as it is considered the capital punishment for any serious crimes, as well as murders committed in situations of necessary protection.
Sharia does not allow suicide, no matter what faith and religion a person adheres to. As a rule, he can kill himself when faced with various serious problems. However, they are not God and are too small to sacrifice themselves for their sake. Problems are only the result of wickedness, as a person hoped for something, and this was a barrier to everything, and when it disappeared, a great sorrow appeared, which is the result of unbelief or incorrect faith. Shariah calls not to worship that which will disappear, and not to call the angel of death, because he is the messenger of God. But at the same time, conscious self-sacrifice for the sake of Allah is not considered suicide.
Islamic Sharia also has some food prohibitions. So, you can’t eat pork, blood, meat of animals that died themselves, as well as strangled and killed not in the name of Allah. Not all of this is understood by the mind. Bans serve to prevent people from putting reason in front of faith. However, in extreme cases, some points that relate to food intake may not be observed.
According to Sharia, polytheism is forbidden. Absolutely all atrocities, crimes, wrongdoings and subsequent mental suffering can be explained by the fact that people lack a spiritual core, a single basis for many of their decisions.
Polytheism is the root of all crimes, because it is a religious and moral concept. The religion of Islam says that the gods themselves are considered to be a phenomenon that covers everything behind itself. In the case when misconduct or crime is committed, this indicates that the person was guided by other grounds, that is, he served other deities.
However, they are all mistaken, and God is one. Indeed, on earth simply there cannot be two complete perfections or creators, since they would be limited to each other. The remaining deities are empty fabrications, so polytheism is considered idolatry.
Sharia regulations
First of all, Sharia prescribes a single faith in one God, who is Allah. Following from this, it is necessary to know what Sharia is, and also to comply with the following rules:
- openly profess such faith and realize it in actions, and also do not deny it;
- trust the prophets and the facts that were revealed in the scriptures (the last of them is the Qur'an);
- constantly strengthen faith in Allah through daily fivefold prayer;
- increase faith in God by fasting during daylight hours;
- to serve Allah through a pilgrimage to Mecca (Kaaba shrine);
- give alms;
- eliminate unbelief, that is, take part in Jihad;
- take food with the name of Allah.
Family Sharia
Women and wives should dress in very decent, closed and modest clothes, as well as cover their heads with a hijab (a cover similar to that worn on the head of the blessed Virgin Mary), protecting and covering her beauty.
As for the law of succession, its Sharia rules are prescribed quite clearly. Here the son receives a share twice as much as the daughter. Parents, brothers or sisters have a sixth share, and wives - an eighth. And in the case when the man did not leave children, then the wives and mothers have a fourth and third share, respectively.
Sharia law
Sharia law is a system of public regulations, which provides for a certain punishment after their violation. As a rule, there is no society that can do without a right, since no one wants to be a powerless person. Moreover, even criminal communities have created certain well-known concepts with the help of which they are regulated.
European rights are based on a social contract, but this is a rather weak foundation. Concepts such as Islam, Sharia are known throughout the world. According to sociologists, millions of people are guided by base interests, and from the point of view of political science, modern technology can make the crowd think like small interest groups. Muslim people cannot consider European law to be completely legitimate.
Truly correct and legal in the eyes of a Muslim can be exclusively consistent with the rules of Sharia law (Sharia). Muslim religion claims that in order to preserve justice, it is necessary to have a punishment that would be equal to a crime. The criteria and types of various crimes should be further considered.
To limit the arbitrary interpretation of the Koran, the Muslim people rely on the Sunnah (the sum of the authentic hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad). These hadiths are comments and, unlike the Qur'an, are not considered God's words, but the actions of people led by Allah. At the same time, the hadiths cannot exist separately from the Qur'an.
The meaning of fiqh
A right that is consistent with Sharia is called fiqh. It appeared when the first caliphs were, and comes from four schools of interpretations of Sharia. In addition, the characteristics of Sharia and its right were not unchanged even within the framework of one state. Prisons, for example, originated in the Caliphate under the Caliph Omar, but they were not there before (even when Abu-Bekra and Muhammad ruled). This means that Sharia is unshakable, and its right (a full list of crimes and the level of punishment for them) can change due to factors related to the country, state or era.
Allah does not recognize errors, therefore the concept of crime is presented as a human matter. God can indicate only some guidelines, therefore, living according to Sharia in a particular state does not mean at all that it is returning to medieval sources, during which investigations and various punishments were carried out. Islamic law, for example, is history, but the statements of Allah cannot be distorted in any way.
Moreover, one does not need to abandon any modern medical and various criminological experiments and similar examinations, and historical Islamic law does not have such crimes. The process of establishing Sharia means coordination of the law in force today with its rules.
Sharia and its punishments
The religion of Muslims has some penalties for certain types of crimes. European law has three types of punishments, consisting of the death penalty, imprisonment and fines. In recent years, there have been frequent refusals of the death penalty in European countries on such grounds that people have no right to take a person’s life (even when he really deserves it). But it is not clear in what situations and where did people get the right to deprive a person of their freedom.
If it takes place to be a lone criminal, isolating him from a full-fledged society may well be effective. But places of deprivation of liberty are far from always a humane and fair way of punishment. For the leaders of the criminal worlds, the prison turns into a closed boarding house with everything that is needed for life. For ordinary criminals, a prison can turn out to be a real hell, life in which can be even more cruel than the law provides.
For example, in Russian prisons, prisoners may well become infected with various diseases, such as tuberculosis, or other dangerous diseases. In addition, they are often beaten and even die. Thus, most prisons become a combination of criminal or thieves culture, replacing and corroding modern society.
Types of Shariah Punishment
Sharia rules do not provide for imprisonment as a measure of punishment, despite the fact that historical Islamic law permits it. Sharia contains four types of punishments.
1. The death penalty. This punishment is provided for the murderers of the innocent and for those who spread wickedness. A Muslim is executed in three main cases: for murder, apostasy, or adultery. This is quite true for the modern world. The execution will not be a cruel punishment for serial killers, sex maniacs or people whose apostasy led to bloody losses. Sharia does not indicate a method of destroying a criminal; only in one place of the Koran is a beheading recorded.
2. Clipping hands. This punishment is used for proven theft. With this rigidity, the offender was allowed to go home after the procedure. And in the Islamic Emirate, all thieves were even given local anesthetics before this execution. The result of the use of such a measure of punishment was the almost complete disappearance of theft.
3. Flogging. This punishment is provided for various types of adultery, but for those people who do not have a legal marriage. The characteristics of Sharia also imply flogging during libel, which entailed the conviction of the innocent. Usually, about a hundred blows are carried out, and in Russia this method of punishment is not uncommon, because it was very often used in various Cossack communities.
4. Fines are the mildest form of punishment and are provided, for example, for committing manslaughter or for breach of contract. Sharia measures penalties for feeding the poor. When the contract is violated, they are equal to the cost of a meal for a single family.
If a repeat of the crime occurs, the punishment may be tightened.
The introduction of Sharia law would greatly help Russia and many post-Soviet countries to get rid of the terrible inhumane imprisonments and legacies of the Gulag, which spread influence over law-abiding people.
Sharia and life according to his rules
Thus, Muslim Sharia is not only a collection of duties, clear prohibitions and a list of laws, but also provides for punishment for committed acts. He is the path of security and moral life according to the Will and Grace of God. This is a specific code of conduct established by Islam and represents the laws of Muslims.
It is fraught with great power, helping to fulfill the aspirations of the Muslim people who want to find themselves and find the right path. Shariah covers absolutely all aspects of human life and consists of rules that are related to the service of God and commercial affairs, as well as the rules of family law.