Graduate school - what is it? What is it for? Many young people who are studying at the university or are just about to enter are interested in such questions. What is it? Postgraduate study is the main form of training for highly qualified personnel. Previously, this was considered the lot of the minority. It was possible to enter it only in a special direction from the institute, where a specialist with a diploma worked.
The applicant had to learn what graduate school was, having passed a series of entrance exams in the specialty, philosophy and a foreign language, as well as having passed the qualifying competition.
The same features remain today. There is only one exception: any graduate of a higher educational institution who has a penchant for scientific and research activity and who seeks to fully realize himself in scientific research can enter there. What is graduate school and why is it needed? This is a form of training, the purpose of which is to prepare highly qualified personnel for educational institutions and other scientific institutions, as well as for those social spheres where science can not be dispensed with.
Training
So your goal is graduate school. What is it is now clear. How is the training conducted? There are two forms - correspondence and full-time. Full-time study is three years. Correspondence lasts a year longer. The organization of the learning process has many serious differences from organizational forms in higher education. Of course, there are also lecture classes, seminars and exams, but the hours allocated for such classes are much less in comparison with what students must perform independently as their research activities. What is graduate school? In fact, the training here is more individual than collective.
For the entire time of study, an individual plan is drawn up for each graduate student, where all the main types of work, their terms, as well as the results of the implementation are prescribed. According to his own plan, a person must report every year at a special meeting of a scientific laboratory or department where he is studying. The results of such a discussion allow us to transfer it to the next academic year.
Each graduate student during his studies must pass three mandatory exams: in his specialty, history and philosophy, as well as in a foreign language. In order for students to successfully pass candidate exams, the institution arranges additional classes. Such conditions are set by graduate school. What is a candidate exam? This test, passing which a person receives the title of candidate of science.
supervisor
This person is the main person for the graduate student. The supervisor is usually assigned to one who is a leading scientist in his field. As a rule, this is either a doctor of science or a professor. The supervisor helps the graduate student to choose the topic of the dissertation. Together they draw up a plan and advise on all the basic questions regarding graduate student research.
Candidate dissertation
This is the main test that poses for a young scientist graduate school. What is a candidate dissertation? It differs from a master's thesis or dissertation in that it is defended in a special dissertation council, which includes scientists in specific fields who are authorities. It is worth noting that such advice can be organized both at the institution where the training takes place directly, and at another scientific or educational institution.
Field of activity of a graduate student
After successful completion and defense of the candidate dissertation, the graduate student is awarded the title of candidate of sciences. Now he can very well occupy a well-paid position in any organization or institution according to the profile that he has chosen for himself.
Thus, if a person decides to connect life with research activities, he is interested in what postgraduate and graduate programs are. He faces a choice. To become a candidate of science, you need to complete graduate school, defending a dissertation. The master 's degree will become a stepping stone to the status of a graduate student.