Categories of posts of the state civil service determine the basis for the structure of legislative, judicial and executive authorities. Moreover, both at the regional and federal levels. The responsibilities for financing and maintaining public civil servants are budgeted.
The situation in modern Russia
Categories of public service positions are currently defined by relevant laws and regulations.
It is they who provide the work of federal and regional authorities, as well as officials holding high government posts.
That is, the categories of posts of the state civil service exist in the administration of the head of state, the federal government, federal authorities (these include ministries, agencies, services, including their representative offices in the regions). This also includes local executive authorities - these are administrations of the Russian regions and ministries subordinate to them.
Legal regulation
Categories of public service positions are defined by the Constitution and federal laws.
At the same time, there is an additional regulatory framework in the field that covers in detail all aspects of the civil service. It also includes the decrees of the head of state, resolutions of the federal government, and legal acts adopted by regional authorities.
Number of civil servants
Today in Russia a large number of employees. There are more than 750 thousand people. Moreover, only 40 thousand specialists work in central offices located in the capital.
Currently, the number of public civil servants exceeds one percent of the country's able-bodied population. This is a very high indicator compared to other countries.
Moreover, about one thousand people of economically active people account for about 33 officials.
Categories and groups of public positions in the civil service
Public civil service posts are divided into categories and groups. Moreover, they have a clear structure. Their exceptional feature is that, unlike commercial structures, the categories of posts of the state civil service are called the same in any area of activity. There are clear examples. The lead consultant will work both in the Presidential Affairs Management Department and in the infrastructure department of the regional ministry.
Currently, there are four categories of posts of the state civil service of the Russian Federation. Moreover, each of them is divided into several groups.
Executives
Categories of public service positions in decreasing order begin with managers. This category consists of two groups - the highest and the main.
The top group of the category of leaders includes First Deputy Federal Ministers, Deputy Federal Ministers, Deputy Heads of the Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation for a specific Federal District, Deputy Federal Ministers or Directors of Federal Agencies, Heads or Heads of Service of Federal Ministries, Heads of Staff of Federal Ministers, Heads or Directors of Departments , deputy heads or heads of services of federal ministries, deputies heads of the apparatus of federal ministers, heads of main departments, deputy directors of departments, deputy heads or directors of departments, first deputy heads of main departments and deputy heads of main departments.
The main group includes heads of departments, deputy heads of departments, heads of departments and deputy heads of departments.
Assistants
In the category of civil service posts in the hierarchy, the next are assistants or advisers. These posts are established to assist the heads of state or territorial authorities.
All of them belong to only one group - the highest. It includes assistants and advisers to federal ministers.
Specialists
The next category is specialists. Specialists in the category of posts in the state civil service consist of three groups. Main, leading and senior. This is the most widespread category of civil servants. Their functions include professional support for the performance of their functions by state authorities.
The main group includes the heads of departments in the department, the heads of departments in the services of the federal ministry, the heads of departments in the main departments, the heads of departments in the departments and referents.
The leading group consists of deputy heads of departments in departments, deputy heads of departments in the service of federal ministries, deputy heads of departments in the main departments, deputy heads of departments in the departments, assistant heads or head of services of federal ministries, advisers to the head or head of services of federal ministries, leading advisers, advisers, lead consultants and consultants.
The senior group consists of leading expert experts, leading expert experts and expert experts.
Provisioning Specialists
The lowest category of posts in the state civil service is provided by specialists. These positions are formed to provide informational, documentary, financial, economic and economic work of a separate state body. They are divided into three groups.
The first (leading) includes leading specialists of the second category. In the senior - senior specialists of the first, second and third categories. In the younger - specialists of the first and second categories.
Such a division exists both at the federal and regional levels. With no exceptions. Thus, the categories of posts of the state civil service of the city of Moscow are no different from the categories in the Penza region or the Khabarovsk Territory.
Cool ranks
In accordance with the position held, a civil servant is assigned a certain class rank. He exactly corresponds with the group in which he works. This is done based on the results of the qualification exam. Each position may correspond to a specific rank in military service.
It should be noted that the cool rank is retained by the employee holding this post until the end of his life. And all the time that he remains an active employee, he is entitled to a corresponding increase in salary, approved by decree of the head of state.
There are exceptions when passing an exam is not necessary. Thus, a class rank can be assigned in the case when the head of the highest group of posts, assistant or adviser, is personally appointed by the head of state.
How to enter the civil service?
In order to be in the civil service in a federal or regional agency, you must be a Russian citizen who has reached the age of 18 years, is fluent in the state language and meets all the requirements for employees of similar qualifications.
In most cases, a competition is held to fill the position of an employee from any category or group. It consists of two stages.
At the first, the beginning of the reception of documents is announced. This is done in a popular print publication, as well as on the official website of a government agency that requires a specialist. All candidates for this position must provide the necessary list of documents and certificates to the personnel department at a predetermined time.
In the next round of selection, the competitive commission evaluates the submitted candidates. First of all, the documents submitted confirming the corresponding education of the candidate, experience in the civil service, and other labor activities are evaluated. Among the competitive procedures, interviews, questionnaires, testing, or writing an abstract can be used.
After the completion of the competition, members of the commission vote for all candidates. The winner is the one with the most votes. In case of refusal of appointment, the candidate may be credited to the personnel reserve and return to his resume when the relevant vacancy is vacated.
This service attracts not only the prestige of the work, but also a fairly high salary. In federal ministries and departments it averages about 100 thousand rubles.
The maximum average income is observed among employees of the presidential administration. It exceeds 220 thousand rubles. In the government apparatus, the salary almost reaches the mark of 200 thousand rubles.
Moreover, in most federal ministries, agencies and services, the average level of wages is about 60 thousand rubles.
In addition to the salary, employees are entitled to all kinds of allowances. With a certain length of service for length of service, as well as for special conditions, for working with information containing state secrets, as well as bonuses.