The economic reorientation, complicated by the financial crisis, greatly influenced the situation in society. A big problem for health and social insurance is aging Japanese.
Over the past century, the population of Japan has quadrupled. The peak of fertility occurred in the years after the Second World War and lasted until almost the 50s.
Then a gradual decline began. Thanks to successes in the development of medicine and healthcare, it became possible to reduce the percentage of child mortality and significantly increase life expectancy, which contributed to the
growth rate to remain high for some time.
However, today the situation is different. According to some estimates, the population of Japan will decrease from 127.7 million people to 42.9 million people over the next 100 years, and the birth rate in 50 years will be 1.35.
Young people are in no hurry to start a family for financial reasons. Women, above all, do not want to change their usual lifestyle and seek to build a career first, and postpone the birth of a child until better times.
The population of Japan has a record life expectancy. On average by 2011
it amounted to 80 years for men and 86 years for women, thereby increasing pension spending over the past decade in the state budget by 15%. If for one pensioner half a century ago there were 12 able-bodied citizens, then today their proportion has approached 1: 3.
Ways to Get Out of a Crisis Situation
Based on real indicators, we see that the problem is becoming not only social, but also economic. According to some reports, only after 30 years, Japan, whose population is rapidly aging, will have 40% of the total number of residents of the total number of residents.
Taxes. To improve the social security of the country and the tax system as a whole, the Japanese parliament of the lower house decided to increase the 5% sales tax to 8% for 2014. and by the end of 2015, gradually bring it to 15% - the population
Japan and the opposition reacted negatively to the innovation.
Migration program. This program, according to the Japanese authorities, will help stop the decline in the size of the country and make Japan a country of multiculturalism. Since 2014, the government has facilitated a visa regime for the entry of foreigners and is ready to accept up to 220 thousand people annually. Expected flow of migrants from the CIS countries, India, China, Latin America, Africa. For them, it is planned to build language schools and various social assistance. The program is designed for the period up to 2089.
The population of Japan, in the midst of which the aging of economically active citizens, is a problem not only of this country, and is not developing so rapidly compared to European states. Currently, the majority of tax payers are Japanese from 55 to 65 years old - this is the result of the adoption by the Japanese Parliament of the pension reform in 1983, which eased the burden on the tax system and social sphere, which made the crisis in the economy less pronounced.