There are hardly any people to whom conflicts would not bring difficulties in communication. Everyone in the soul would like to master the methods of effective behavior in a conflict situation. Unfortunately, quarrels and misunderstandings are frequent companions of everyday life.
Question relevant to everyone
Interpersonal conflicts and their constructive resolution is an area that interests many. But in order to learn how to get out of confrontation with dignity, you need to understand - what does this concept mean? The term “conflict” most often refers to the divergence of interests of two entities, or their conviction that the desires of two people cannot be achieved simultaneously.
An exam in which a student may need to prepare an answer to the question "interpersonal conflicts and their constructive resolution" - OGE. But this knowledge will be needed not only at school, but also in real life. After all, the vast majority of quarrels arise completely spontaneously. Their participants rarely feel the desire to enter into confrontation. Sometimes a person may consider that he is making great efforts so that the conflict does not erupt further, but in reality everything happens exactly the opposite.
In fact, during a confrontation, the opponent appears to the opposing party to be more hostile than he actually is. The other person seems to be a real adversary - even if it is a quarrel between children and parents, husband and wife. As for their own behavior, people are generally more lenient towards it. Even if a person behaves unfairly towards another, he will always find arguments justifying his behavior. But he is unlikely to forgive such blunders to others.
Conflicts of Interest
It is equally important to know the types of interpersonal conflicts. Their constructive resolution can sometimes depend on how correctly defined the type of misunderstanding. The most important type of conflict is conflict of interest. A similar quarrel arises in the case when one person has desires and goals that contradict the desire of another. For example, the spouse wants to go to a party, and the husband, on the contrary, plans to do a general cleaning of the house this evening. The mother needs her daughter to help with the preparation of dinner, and the daughter’s broadcast at this time begins the concert of her favorite music group.
The most difficult in this category of confrontations are those associated with an indivisible resource. For example, if a brother wants to watch an action movie on TV, and a sister wants another series of melodrama. The TV is one for two, this resource cannot be shared.
Conflicts of Values
Often on the basis of incompatibility of worldview systems, interpersonal conflicts arise. Their constructive resolution depends on how much people can show condescension, be tolerant of another. Adults, mature people are unlikely to argue about the fact that one of them is a Christian, and the other is a Muslim; or if one of them prefers to relax in a homely, relaxed atmosphere, and the second likes to spend time in a noisy club.
But a conflict can arise if the worldview affects the interaction of people. For example, a husband may say to his wife: “Why are you dressed so defiantly? Only women of easy virtue dress up like that. ” There is a conflict of values. One of the participants - her husband - has a concept of how a decent girl should dress. The opposite side - the wife - does not believe that she is obliged to limit herself to indulge the wishes of her faithful.
Violation of norms
Sometimes a person can even inadvertently become a participant in interpersonal conflicts. Their constructive resolution will depend on how much a person is ready to obey the norms and rules accepted in society. Often people begin to work or study in a new team, which was formed long before their appearance. A person may not know all the rules that are accepted in this society. For example, a colleague has a birthday, and the team decided to “throw off” a certain amount of money as a gift. Anyone who does not participate in this because of unwillingness or lack of financial opportunities is exposed to disgrace. If a new colleague does not know about it. He breaks the rules, and therefore provokes a conflict.
Evasion
The sciences that explore interpersonal conflicts and their constructive resolution are social studies and psychology. Scientists have identified several ways of human behavior in an unpleasant situation. This is evasion, accommodation, compromise and cooperation. Evasion, although in reality it is not a way to resolve the conflict, is formally one of the algorithms of preventive behavior. A person chooses this strategy when he is so afraid of the conflict that possible losses become insignificant for him. He prefers to lie low and not enter into a conflict at all. Despite the fact that such a strategy is often preferred by spineless people, it also has a place to be. Evasion is not always ineffective - in many cases it helps to avoid unnecessary confrontation.
Compromise
This method is most often used in working with interpersonal conflicts. Their constructive resolution becomes more real if each side takes into account the wishes of the other. Compromise helps to overcome hostility, and to some extent allows to satisfy each of those who had to take part in the conflict. If people resort to this method of solution, this is evidence of their high culture, as well as sanity.
Device
This is another approach to interpersonal conflict. Briefly speaking, their constructive resolution can hardly be implemented by those who choose this strategy. After all, it consists in ignoring one's own interests. A person is fully guided by the desires of other people. He forgets about his needs, or simply does not want to think. Psychologists advise choosing this style only in those cases when it comes to conflict with a loved one. Another case of the possible application of this strategy is if the possible risk is higher than your interests. For example, if in the middle of the night the criminal demands to give the phone and money. In this case, it is better to choose the adaptation strategy - to part with valuable things, but save your life.
Cooperation
The most effective way to resolve interpersonal conflicts is cooperation. This strategy consists in the fact that a person preserves his interests and seeks to satisfy the need of another. This strategy is acceptable when each side has enough time and effort to solve the problem. Collaboration is the most productive method of dealing with conflict situations. Often people come to him who understand: it is beneficial for them to get rid of the conflict and reach agreement.